2024

This project looks into the designing and installation of solar PV system to power some appliances in a five bedroom bungalow building. This is necessary because of unreliable power supply. Solar energy is a clean and endless source of power from the sun, unlike electricity from utility companies which can be limited and affect daily activities. In this project, we designed a solar PV system which consists of PV cells, charge controller, inverter, batteries.The size of the solar panels, battery capacity, and other components needed to run the appliances efficiently was calculated. Then testing of each part of the system was carried out to make sure it worked properly before putting it all together. The photovoltaic cells were used to capture sunlight and convert it into electricity. This electricity is then sent to the charge controller and then to the inverter which then charges the batteries. The stored charges in the batteries can be used to power our appliances even when the sun isn’t shining. The system is designed specifically for powering home equipment like fans, light bulbs, fans etc. The final system was tested in the University of Benin, Benin City, (6.3998° N, 5.6099° E). It was successfully used to power some home appliances like light bulb, fan. From the test, graphs of current (amps) against time (hrs) and power (watts) against time (hrs) were plotted it was then observed that at the earlier hours of the day, the current and likewise the power from the panel increases and it is maximum at 1:30pm. It begins to reduce from 2pm. This is due to the reduction of the irradiance of the sun. The weather becomes a bit cloudy and towards evening there is minimal sunlight resulting in lesser current. The more the sunlight, the higher the current and vice versa.This shows that solar power can be a reliable way to run home equipment, even in places with frequent power outages. Overall, the project demonstrates that solar energy has the potential to reduce reliance on traditional electricity from utility companies.

This study aims to assess the level of awareness on sex education among adolescent boys in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State. With the prevalence of teenage pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, and misconceptions surrounding sexual health, understanding the extent of sex education knowledge among adolescent boys is crucial for effective interventions. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, data will be collected through structured questionnaires distributed among a representative sample of adolescent boys in the study area. Statistical analysis will be employed to determine the level of awareness, sources of sex education, and potential influencing factors. The study reveals that older adolescents, particularly those in SS2 and SS3, tend to have higher awareness levels compared to their younger counterparts. This suggests that as adolescents progress through their educational journey, they may become more exposed to sex education materials or discussions, either through formal school curricula or other sources. The findings highlight the diverse sources of sex education information accessed by adolescent boys, ranging from traditional sources like parents and relatives to modern platforms like social media and the internet. It was also recommended that while trying to provide comprehensive coverage, there is need for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of information across all channels. Educators, healthcare providers, and community leaders must collaborate to develop evidence-based sex education programs that encompass various mediums and cater to the specific needs and preferences of adolescent boys. In light of the identified challenges and barriers, such as cultural taboos, societal norms, and reliance on inaccurate information, targeted interventions are necessary to address misconceptions and promote positive attitudes towards sex education.

PURPOSE: A dispersion containing indispersible solids undergo rapid sedimentation and this makes it difficult to withdraw uniform and consistent dosing. Aim: Hence the aim of this study is to evaluate the gum extracted from Chrysophyllum albidum fruit as a suspending agent in the formulation of magnesium trisilicate and light magnesium carbonate suspension in comparison with acacia gum as a standard. Methods: The gum was extracted from the pulp of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit by precipitation with methanol and dried into powder form at room temperature for 3 days. The resulting powdered gum was subjected to physiochemical characterization and its organoleptic properties. Varying concentration (5-20%w/v) of the gum were employed in the formulation of mist magnesium trisilicate and carbonate suspension respectively and the resulting suspension were evaluated for sedimentation rates, flow rate and redispersibility index over seven days of storage respectively. Results: The viscosity indices obtained for gums were 9.38-50.33 (C.albidum) and 6.12-39.50 (A.senegal) at varying concentration 5-20%w/v respectively. Viscosity of the suspension were concentration dependent; an increase in concentration lead to corresponding increase in viscosity. The suspension displayed a decrease in sedimentation rate with increase in concentration of the gum and this is in tandem with stokes law. The results of the flow rate of freshly made suspension showed a corresponding decrease in flow rate as gum concentration increased 1.25-0.08ml/s (C.albidum) and 1.67-0.10ml/s, (A.senegal) and this affect was more marked with C.albidum. Both gums displayed similar redispersibility indices and again this was concentration dependent. Conclusion: The study showed that the gum obtained from Chrysophyllum albidum compares favourably with Acacia gum as a suspending agents in the formulation of pharmaceutical dispersion and hence they can be substituted as suspending agents in pharmaceutical suspension. From the study, research should be carried out on improved and a better method for the extraction of gum from Chrysophyllum albidum fruits.

Alstonia boonei De wild is a plant belonging to the Aponcyanacea family. Its leaves, root bark and stem bark parts have various traditional uses in parts of West Africa for the management of some ailments such as: Malaria, hypertension and cancer. The nutritional composition and phytochemical content of the leaf of Alstonia boonei De wild were explored under standard analytical methods in order to ingress the numerous potential of the plant. The qualitative phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of Alstonia boonei De wild, leaves showed the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, cardiac glycosides, coumerins, phlobatannins and protein; with saponins, tannins, steroids, and phenol highly present. Flavanoids, terpenoids, emotins, anthraquinones and anthocyanins were seen to be absent. Variation of this composition was observed in the ethanol extract which showed that saponins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, protein and anthocyanins were seen to be present in moderate proportion, whereas flavonoids, phlobatannins,coumerin, emotins and anthraquinones were seen to be absent, while cardiac glycosides was highly present. The medicinal value of Alstonia boonei De wild is influenced by the presence and levels of these secondary metabolites. The proximate analysis revealed that Alstonia boonei leaves are rich in carbohydrates (57.45 ± 1.38%), have a moderate content of Ash (3.67± 0.16%), crude protein (8.05 ± 00.05%), crude fats (9.50 ± 0.24%), and crude fibre (11.00 ± 0.47%); but a moderate content of moisture (10.30 ± 0.27%). The presence of high carbohydrates, protein, crude fats and fibre contents of the leaves may be responsible for their nutritive values

Land reform remains a critical issue of great relevance in developing countries such as Nigeria. This study therefore examined the impact of land reform in Benin City; a comparative study of Obagie and Ogheghe community. The study used secondary dataobtained from physical observation and respondents in the Ministry of Physical Planning, Housing, Urban and Rural Development. It was found that there is a spatial distribution and arrangement of different types of land uses within the study area. The study tends to show the implications of the land reform policy on land use pattern within the study area.

Medicinal plants contain numerous phytochemicals that have the ability to prevent, manage, and cure various diseases. Picralima nitida has been used in herbal medicine since ancient times and possesses several pharmacological properties. This study aimed to access the toxicity effect of aqueous stem bark extract of Picralima nitida using healthy normal adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, investigate its effect on glucose and insulin secretion and analyze its effect on the pancreas. We carried out both acute and subchronic toxicity study. The acute toxicity study comprised of 15 rats and was carried out in 2 phases. At the end of acute toxicity test, there were no visible signs of toxicity observed in all the animals administered the extracts. Subchronic toxicity study comprised of 30 rats and lasted for over a period of four (4) weeks. Fasting blood sugar levels were measured in groups administered with doses of 150mg/kg, 300mg/kg, 800mg/kg, 2000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg. Across all groups, there was a consistent decrease in FBS when the baseline FBS is compared to the final week FBS. This suggests that the aqueous stem bark extract of P.nitida may be a potential hypoglycemic agent, although these changes are not statistically important. Insulin levels were measured to access the extract’s impact on insulin secretion and compared to the normal control group (4.04±3.32), most doses did not significantly alter insulin secretion, except for the 150mg/kg dose which increased to about 4.30±2.26a and 5000mg/kg dose, which showed a substantial increase (27.94±23.21). However, this increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.433). The effects of the extract on the pancreatic weight showed a significant reduction across all doses compared to the normal control. Pancreatic weight decreased significantly at all administered doses (150mg/kg to 5000mg/kg) with p = 0.000, indicating a high level of statistical significance. The histology of the pancreas showed that there was no inflammation also the extract at 150mg/kg and 2000mg/kg dose increased Islets of Langerhans markedly. At 300mg/kg and 5000mg/kg there was no increase in Islets of Langerhans.

Despite the importance of poultry, its production is still in the hands of small holder farmers, fragmented farm holdings and usage of unskilled labour force. Farming activities are carried out by both males and females where there is often a gender division of labour. This study assessed gender roles in poultry farming in delta State, Nigeria. Specifically it examines the socio-economic characteristicsof poultry farmers in the study area; ascertain the division of labour by gender inpoultry farming; identify factors responsible for the dominance (if any) byanyofthe gender group in poultry farming; identify information needs and source bygender in poultry farming and; identify problems faced by respondents in poultry farming. Questionnaire was used to solicit data from one hundred and sixty(160), made up of 102 males and 58 females poultry farmers and analysed with frequency counts, percentages, means, standard deviation and hypotheses testingusing t-test Results showed that a higher proportion (43.1%) of male and majority (55.2%) offemale poultry farmers were between 41 and 50 years and most (90.2%) and(93.1%) were married; also majority (54)9% and 63.8%as males andfemalesfamers had poultry experience of between 6 and 10 years. Most (89.4%) and a higher proportion (48.8%) of males and females respectively were involved in preparation of poultry feeds and sourcing of day old chicks respectively. Therewas no significant difference in male and female poultry farmers access to information sources. The study conclude that male gender dominance in poultry farming was mainly strength needed for the task.

The construction industry faces increasing challenges in achieving sustainable, ecofriendly practices while meeting the growing demand for housing. This research project explores the viability of rammed earth as a substitute replacement for sandcrete and concrete in building construction in Ekosodin, Edo State, Nigeria. Rammed earth, an ancient construction material requiring special technique, offers significant potential for sustainable building due to its low environmental impact, availability of raw materials, and thermal mass properties. The research will encompass a comprehensive analysis of rammed earth's structural performance, thermal efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in the context of Edo State's climate and local construction practices. By examining the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of rammed earth construction, this research aims to provide valuable insights and recommendations for promoting its adoption as a sustainable building material in Edo State, ultimately contributing to the region's sustainable development goals.

The study investigated teaching methods and students’ academic performance in senior secondary schools, Egor Local Government Area, Edo State. The design adopted for this study was the descriptive survey research method. Three research questions were raised to guide this study. The population of the study was a total number of all senior secondary school students in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample size for this study was a total number of hundred (100) students adopting the simpler and om sampling method. The data retrieved from respondents after sampling was analyzed by the use of a Computer Statistical Tool (SPSS), and the results were displayed on tables using frequency and percentage to represent the data.
From the findings of the study, it was concluded that some teachers are not proficient in the use of teaching methods for English Language. It was also recommended that students enjoy teaching when all teaching methods are used jointly for teaching and learning. It was therefore recommended that training, workshops and seminars should be organized to groom teachers and improve upon their teaching skills. It was also recommended that schools should ensure they monitor and check teachers to ensure they are qualified and have the necessary skills before they are employed to teaching schools.

This study was designed to investigate factors contributing to academic performance of student in Economics in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. To achieve the purpose intended this study, three research questions were raised to guide the study. The questions raised and examined include: What the factors contribute to the poor academic performance of Economics students of in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State? How do Institutional factors contribute to academic performance of students’ study of economics in Egor Local Government Area of Edo state. How can the academic performance of students of in Economics in Egor Local Government area of Edo State be improved? A simple random sampling technique will be used to sample five (5) schools from the population and simple random sampling technique was used to sample 200 students to form the sample of the study. The reliability index of the instrument was 0.79 using the Cronbach Alpha statistical formula from data from the pilot study carried out on it. The data collected were analysed using frequency count, simple percentage, and mean score standard. The results obtained from the analysis were quite revealing and instructive. The findings from the study revealed that school-related factors such school environment, it was discovered that factors such as physical facilities influence academic performance of students in the study of economics. it was discovered that institutional factors such as conducive learning
environment influence academic performance of students in the study of economics. It was recommended that raising the interest of students in the subject will go a long way in students’ academic performance. Parents should give their children good attitudes towards the schooling of their children, intensifying supervision of schools, instituting incentives packages for teachers.