CONSTRUCTION

Induction motors, though robust, are prone to electrical and thermal stresses that can cause costly failures, while traditional protection devices are either too slow, prone to nuisance trips, or too expensive for small industries. The problem therefore lies in
the lack of an affordable, reliable, and adaptable protection system that integrates both electrical and thermal monitoring. The aim of the project is to design a micro- controller-based protection system for three-phase induction motors to detect faults
such as single-phasing, under voltage, and overheating. A functional protection system was built using the PIC16F877A micro-controller to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic motor isolation. The design employed ZMPT101B voltage sensors, an ACS712 current sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, LM7805 regulator, ULN2003 driver, relay/contractor, and a 16×2 LCD. The
methodology involved circuit design and simulation, hardware assembly, and programming in Embedded C to process sensor data, and control the relay for fault response for phase failure or for temperature above 60 degrees. The performance of the system was rigorously evaluated through testing in both faulty and normal operating conditions. During fault simulation, the system
accurately identified phase loss, displaying "Phase Failure" on the LCD followed by the specific faulty phase voltages. When the motor temperature exceeded 60°C, the display indicated "Over Temp" and subsequently showed the actual real-time temperature measurement. Conversely, once the faults were cleared and the system was restored to normal operation (with phases at 220V and temperature below 60°C), the LCD confirmed that the Relay was switched ON, reconnecting the motor to the power source. Following this restoration, the system resumed its standard monitoring mode, displaying the actual temperature and operational parameters, thereby proving the system’s reliability in managing transitions between fault detection and safe recovery.

Storage and display of textiles are as important as creating the textiles it self. The longitive of textiles depends on how well it has been stored, handled and preserved, also to appreciate properly a good textile produce it has to be displayed in the right manner to be appealing to the human sense of sight. This research is aimed at tackling the problem of storage and display of textiles in the textile unit, which will help improve the lifespan of textiles produced, protecting them from factors that damage textiles and also help showcase the beautiful textiles done in the university of Benin by the textile unit of the department of fine and applied art. The major aim of this research is to provide specially adapted compartments for the display and storage of textiles through construction. The concept of the compartments are gotten from comparative studies of various display and storage compartments in art museums, galleries and other higher institutions with a textile unit. It is hoped that the specially adapted compartments for storage and display of textiles will be useful in reducing fabric damage and help display textiles properly for it's beauty to be appreciated

The device described in this study can be used in hospitals to verify prescriptions, maintain patient data, and protect patient privacy. In this study, patient databases are tracked using RFID tags and a web server. This method can prevent prescription drug abuse in addition to capturing precise and current information on patients' prescriptions. Real-time patient data can assist clinicians in reducing medication errors and provide the best care possible. In this paper, a medical mechanism that uses the modified grouping proof process is suggested in order to improve medication safety for inpatients. The medical staff could verify the authenticity and integrity of a group of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags that are embedded on inpatient bracelets and drug containers by using the grouping proof protocol. RFID authentication is the ideal option for automated patient medication systems since it requires mutual authentication between the medication server and the tag.

In this project, a 2KVA hybrid pure sine wave inverter with battery charging and monitoring system was designed and constructed. The inverter circuit was designed using a power transformer rated at 2.5KVA. The DC voltage source is a battery bank rated at 24V. A high performance microcontroller (DSPic30f2010) with advanced switching and control ability was used. The inverter system doubles as an inverter and a battery charger. Pulse width modulation technique was used in the inverter design. The inverter circuit was designed, constructed and tested. It performed satisfactorily with different house appliances such as electric fans, ulbs, refrigerator, etc

The construction industry faces increasing challenges in achieving sustainable, ecofriendly practices while meeting the growing demand for housing. This research project explores the viability of rammed earth as a substitute replacement for sandcrete and concrete in building construction in Ekosodin, Edo State, Nigeria. Rammed earth, an ancient construction material requiring special technique, offers significant potential for sustainable building due to its low environmental impact, availability of raw materials, and thermal mass properties. The research will encompass a comprehensive analysis of rammed earth's structural performance, thermal efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in the context of Edo State's climate and local construction practices. By examining the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of rammed earth construction, this research aims to provide valuable insights and recommendations for promoting its adoption as a sustainable building material in Edo State, ultimately contributing to the region's sustainable development goals.

This study investigates rammed earth as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional construction materials in Edo State, Nigeria. With rising cement costs, high carbon emissions from concrete production, and an increasing housing deficit, there is urgent need for affordable, eco-friendly building solutions. Rammed earth—a technique involving compaction of soil, sand, clay, and stabilizers into formwork—offers low embodied energy, excellent thermal mass, and utilization of locally available materials. A questionnaire-based research design was employed, targeting architects, quantity surveyors, civil engineers, and students within Benin City. Out of 75 questionnaires distributed, 60 responses were received, yielding an 80% response rate. Findings revealed that 60.75% of respondents were unfamiliar with rammed earth technology, indicating a significant awareness gap. However, 64.1% agreed that rammed earth contributes to sustainable building practices, with 69.25% recognizing its use of local materials and 52.8% acknowledging its energy efficiency. Key
challenges identified included lack of skilled labor, limited public awareness, inadequate regulatory frameworks, and concerns about climate suitability. Despite these barriers, 46.1% of respondents expressed optimism about its future adoption in mainstream construction. The study concludes that rammed earth is a viable, durable, and sustainable material for residential construction in Edo State. Recommendations include increasing public and professional awareness, integrating rammed earth construction into academic curricula, developing standardized building codes, and encouraging its adoption through policy support and demonstration projects.

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) remains a major staple and economic crop in Nigeria, where it serves as a vital source of food and income. However, traditional yam processing methods involving manual pounding are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unhygienic, making them unsuitable for large-scale or commercial production. This study focuses on the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of an automated yam blending machine with an emphasis on minimizing material leakage—a common limitation in existing models. The machine was designed using mechanical and food engineering principles to achieve efficient blending through an electrically powered motor, stainless-steel blending chamber, and an effective sealing system that prevents leakage. Locally sourced materials were used to enhance affordability and promote indigenous technology. Performance evaluation showed that the machine successfully pounded 500 g of boiled yam within an average of 2.7 minutes, achieving an output efficiency of 97% and a throughput capacity of 16.18 kg/hr

The purpose of this research is to have an affordable and clean energy supply in our household. Inadequate power supply in Nigeria has been a major challenge bedeviling our institutions. Some areas connected to the distribution companies (DISCOs) have what is referred to as a regimented load shedding where power supply may range from 6.00 to 12.00 hrs within 24 hrs. Homes and offices have resolved to sourcing for alternative power supply such as generator plants, solar PVs, inverters, etc. Thus, the 2.5KVA inverter system was proposed to serve as a backup once there is power outage from the DISCOs. An inverter system enables the conversion of direct current (DC) from batteries to alternating current (AC) needed to run the office appliances at a minimal cost and optimal efficiency. The project focuses on the design and construction of a pure sine wave 2.5KVA 50Hz inverter system to deliver 220V AC using 2 Nos 12V DC batteries (rated 200A) connected in series.

This project focuses on the design, construction, and experimental analysis of three distinct meter bridges fabricated using aluminum, steel, and copper base plates. The primary objective was to measure and compare the internal resistance of a constantan wire using these three different conductive materials, and to analyze how the type of base metal affects the accuracy, sensitivity, and stability of resistance measurements. The study is based on the fundamental principle of the Wheatstone Bridge, which provides a reliable method for comparing and determining unknown resistances by achieving a state of balance between two arms of an electrical network. The meter bridge, being a modified form of the Wheatstone bridge, was selected due to its simplicity, accuracy, and wide applicability in electrical measurement laboratories. During fabrication, each meter bridge consisted of a one-meter uniform wire mounted on a polished metal base (aluminum, steel, or copper), fitted with thick brass strips, standard resistors, binding posts, and a jockey for variable contact. A Leclanché cell served as the power source, and a center-zero galvanometer was employed to detect the balance point. Constantan was chosen as the test wire due to its negligible temperature coefficient of resistance and high mechanical stability. Experimental readings were taken for various known resistances, and the corresponding balance lengths were recorded. The internal resistance of the constantan wire was computed and analyzed.

In order to fuse two metal components, electric arc welding uses electrical heat to cause melting, which, when cooled, forms a solid connection. In order to protect the molten metal from exposure to the atmosphere and stop chemical reactions, slag is injected throughout this operation. A power source that creates an electric arc between the metal material and the electrode to be fused is necessary for this process. Both consumable and non-consumable electrodes, as well as alternating or direct current, are used by welders. An electrode is a conductor that creates the heat required for melting and fusing by sending electric current to the metal to be welded. Whether an electrode is consumable or non- consumable depends on the specific arc welding process being used. The electrical energy needed for the arc welding process may be obtained from a variety of power source methods. Constant voltage and constant current power sources are the most common varieties.