DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINST PHASE FAILURE AND OVERHEATING
Faculty
Year of Publication
upload
Publication Type
Abstract
Induction motors, though robust, are prone to electrical and thermal stresses that can cause costly failures, while traditional protection devices are either too slow, prone to nuisance trips, or too expensive for small industries. The problem therefore lies in
the lack of an affordable, reliable, and adaptable protection system that integrates both electrical and thermal monitoring. The aim of the project is to design a micro- controller-based protection system for three-phase induction motors to detect faults
such as single-phasing, under voltage, and overheating. A functional protection system was built using the PIC16F877A micro-controller to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic motor isolation. The design employed ZMPT101B voltage sensors, an ACS712 current sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, LM7805 regulator, ULN2003 driver, relay/contractor, and a 16×2 LCD. The
methodology involved circuit design and simulation, hardware assembly, and programming in Embedded C to process sensor data, and control the relay for fault response for phase failure or for temperature above 60 degrees. The performance of the system was rigorously evaluated through testing in both faulty and normal operating conditions. During fault simulation, the system
accurately identified phase loss, displaying "Phase Failure" on the LCD followed by the specific faulty phase voltages. When the motor temperature exceeded 60°C, the display indicated "Over Temp" and subsequently showed the actual real-time temperature measurement. Conversely, once the faults were cleared and the system was restored to normal operation (with phases at 220V and temperature below 60°C), the LCD confirmed that the Relay was switched ON, reconnecting the motor to the power source. Following this restoration, the system resumed its standard monitoring mode, displaying the actual temperature and operational parameters, thereby proving the system’s reliability in managing transitions between fault detection and safe recovery.
the lack of an affordable, reliable, and adaptable protection system that integrates both electrical and thermal monitoring. The aim of the project is to design a micro- controller-based protection system for three-phase induction motors to detect faults
such as single-phasing, under voltage, and overheating. A functional protection system was built using the PIC16F877A micro-controller to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic motor isolation. The design employed ZMPT101B voltage sensors, an ACS712 current sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, LM7805 regulator, ULN2003 driver, relay/contractor, and a 16×2 LCD. The
methodology involved circuit design and simulation, hardware assembly, and programming in Embedded C to process sensor data, and control the relay for fault response for phase failure or for temperature above 60 degrees. The performance of the system was rigorously evaluated through testing in both faulty and normal operating conditions. During fault simulation, the system
accurately identified phase loss, displaying "Phase Failure" on the LCD followed by the specific faulty phase voltages. When the motor temperature exceeded 60°C, the display indicated "Over Temp" and subsequently showed the actual real-time temperature measurement. Conversely, once the faults were cleared and the system was restored to normal operation (with phases at 220V and temperature below 60°C), the LCD confirmed that the Relay was switched ON, reconnecting the motor to the power source. Following this restoration, the system resumed its standard monitoring mode, displaying the actual temperature and operational parameters, thereby proving the system’s reliability in managing transitions between fault detection and safe recovery.
Supervisor(s)
co-supervisor