Vernonia Amygdalina is a plant renowned for processing several bioactive compounds, some of which may hold promising medicinal properties. Delving into its impact on leukemia presents an opportunity to uncover valuable insights regarding its therapeutic applications in leukemia-related conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Vernonia Amygdalina leaves extract on RAS and WT1 leukemia gene in male albino Wistar rats. A total of twenty (20) male adult albino Wistar rats were selected into four (4)M groups. The groups were the control group,benzene:2-propanol group, 250mg/kg of Vernonia Amygdalina group, andbenzene:2-propanol with 250mg/kg Vernonia A mygdalina group. RNA extraction and semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to isolate RNA from rat bone marrow, and complementary DNA was synthesized and was subsequently amplified using polymerase chain reaction. Gel electrophoresis was used to determine the bands of the genes while peripheral blood film and full blood count were carried out by manual and automated methods respectively. The findings revealed that; for WBC (White Blood Cells),there was no significant difference (p=0.881) in group 3 (8.90±3.60) and group 4 (7.03±1.16) when compared to group 1 (8.27±1.91) and group 2 (7.97±0.70).Also, in N(Neutrophils),there was no significant difference (p=0.149) in group 3 (2.50±0.50) and group 4 (6.00±2.04) when compared to group 1(10.00±0.58) and group 2 (9.00±2.65).L (Lymphocytes)also showed no significant difference (p=0.183) in group 3 (91.00±1.00) and group 4 (88.00±2.71) when compared to group 1(82.00±1.53) and group 2 (85.67±2.60).The M (Monocytes)also showed no significant difference (p=0.523) in group 3 (5.00±0.00) and group 4 (5.00±0.91) when compared to group 1 (6.67±1.76) and group 2 (4.33±0.33). E (Eosinophils)showedno significant difference (p=0.987) in group 3 (1.50±0.50) and group 4 (1.33±0.33) when compared to group 1 (1.33±0.33) and group 2 (1.33±0.33). The RBC (Red Blood Cells)also showed no significant difference(p=0.531) in group 3 (6.32±0.49) and group 4 (6.53±0.21) when compared to group 1 (6.02±0.78) and group 2 (6.99±0.24).Hb (Hemoglobin)also showed no significant difference (p=0.226) in group 3 (12.95±0.25) and group 4 (13.30±0.38) when compared to group 1 (12.50±1.40) and group 2 (15.03±0.64).PLT (Platelets)showed no significant difference (p=0.649) in group 3 (1010.50±252.50) and group 4 (27536.50±26837.19) when compared to group 1 (1356.00±705.72) and 2 (1111.67±193.69), except for a notable outlier in group 4 (27536.50±26837.19). This study concludes that Vernonia Amygdalina did not have any significant effect on leukemia gene RAS and WT1 expression. These results suggest that Vernonia amygdalina could not influence the expression of the leukemia gene RAS and WT1.

The integrity of welded structures is affected by weld defects, induced stress as well as its
resistance to varying impacts during and after fabrication. This study explores the application of
the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in optimizing and predicting the impact
toughness of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded mild steel joints aimed at enhancing weldment
quality and overall structural integrity by determining the influence of key welding process
parameters on the impact toughness of the resultant weldment. The research seeks to optimize
predict these relevant factors thereby addressing challenges such as induced stress and failures
resulting from impacts on weldment.
Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed for experimental design having current, voltage
and gas flow rate as weld process generating twenty (20) experimental runs. Mild steel plates were
cut and welded using a TIG welding equipment to produce weld samples using the varying process
parameters. A digital impact testing machine was used to measure the impact toughness of the
weldments. The experimental data was then analyzed using ANFIS, which integrates neural
networks and fuzzy logic for predicting and optimizing the investigated response.
The ANFIS model effectively trained and tested the experimental data after which an optimal
result having having current of 175 amps, voltage of 23.5 volts, and a gas flow rate of 15.5
liters/min would yield a maximal impact toughness values of 95.7 J. Post experimental results
shows high correlation values with the optimal result thereby serving as validation. These findings
underline the potential of ANFIS as a robust tool for advancing production engineering processes.
This result improves the reliability of welded structures and supports the advancement of
production engineering practices

An Automated Residential Gate project aims to enhance security, convenience, and energy efficiency through the integration of automation and solar power technology. Traditional manual gates require significant human effort and are often inconvenient, especially for large or heavy gates. To address these issues, this project involves designing an automated sliding gate system controlled by remote access, keypads, and IOT connectivity. The system incorporates a D5V6 Smart Centurion Machine, a 60W solar panel, a 30A charge controller, and a deep-cycle battery to ensure uninterrupted operation, even during power
outages.The design includes a 0.37 kW motor with a gearbox to enhance torque efficiency, along with infrared sensors for obstacle detection and limit switches for precise movement control. Safety features such as emergency manual release and predictive maintenance alerts further improve usability and reliability. Structural materials such as steel and corrosion-resistant components ensure durability under various environmental conditions. Through performance testing, the system demonstrated smooth operation, energy efficiency, and enhanced security compared to conventional gates. The solar-powered system effectively reduces reliance on grid electricity, making it a cost-effective and sustainable solution. Future improvements may include AI-driven security enhancements and higher-efficiency solar panels to further optimize performance.

This study examines the register analysis of legal profession among Asaba lawyers. The term register here describes here describes the language of groups of people with common interests or jobs or the language used in situational with such groups (Holmes, 2012:246).
It critically examines constructions of words, phrases and dialogues used in the courtroom setting and consultation on legal advice at chambers. The theoretical framework adopted for this work is basic linguistics descriptive theory to describe and analyze data.
This research is to identify the registers and utterances that are evident among the legal profession and expressions to also examine their communicative functions. This research made use of qualitative methodology designed to carefully obtain information concerning the current status of phenomena.
The primary source of the data for this work was collected via series of interaction with learned counsels both young and old taking a further analysis and researchers personal observation were key essentials in the data collection.
The findings in this study reveal that legal expressions language is an integral part to communicate effectively and responsibly.

Millions of tropical forest inhabitants rely on wild meat (or bushmeat) as an essential source of protein and income, which in turn result to unsustainable harvest of these animals, thus putting both human food security and ecosystem
functioning at risk. This study was carried out to analyse the demand for bushmeat in Edo-south agro-ecological zone, Edo state, Nigeria; with specific objectives to ascertain the socio- economic characteristics of bushmeat consumers in the study area, the level and frequency of their demand for bushmeat, identify factors influencing household demand for bushmeat, determine the effect of these factors on household demand for bushmeat, estimate the price and income elasticity of demand, estimate the household expenditure for bushmeat in the
study area, as well as identifying the closest substitute for bushmeat in the study area. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to obtain 88 respondents (bushmeat consumers) for the study. Data was collected through the use of well-structured questionnaire and interview schedule, and analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics such multiple regession. The result revealed that 86.36% of the respondents were male, 62.50% were married with mean age of 36 years. Larger percentage (59.09%) had tertiary education and had small family size of 1-5 members (90.91%). Also, Majority of the respondents (75%) do business with mean monthly income of ₦262267, and mean monthly household income of ₦349733. Most of the respondent consumes bushmeat week in, week out (55.68%), preferred it smoked (93.18%) and consume it majorly because of its unique taste (79.55%). The the major factors influencing household demand for bushmeat were taste (94.3%) which was significant at 5% with a positive coefficient (312.56), price of bush meat (79.6%), 10 11
income of consumer (77.3%) which was significant at 1% with a positive coefficient (4049.60) and availability of bush meat (76.1%), was significant at 10% with a positive coefficient (1398.60). The positive coefficient of the factors indicated that increase in those factors will lead to increase in the demand for bushmeat. 65% of the variation in the demand for bush meat was explained by the factors in the regression model (R2 = 0.65, F-value = 4.64). The result also
showed bushmeat was inelastic to its price (-0.44), but tending to elastic for income elasticity (0.58), which was significant at 1%. The mean result showed that the respondents spends ₦71795.45 on food items monthly, accounting 20.5% of the household mean monthly income (₦349733), and having mean household budget share of bushmeat as 0.27. Chicken was the closest substitute to bushmeat with a cumulative preference frequency of 44.45% (very high-23.86%, high- 20.45%), in the study area, followed by frozen fish (44.32%). There is urgent need for wild species domestication in the study area to meet the increasing market demand for bushmeat, as well as development and enforcement of policy interventions geared towards sustainable harvest of wild animals.

This study investigated the assessment of adult learners’ perception, attitude and
interest towards environmental education programmes in Benin metropolis: a case study
of Edo State. In doing this five research questions were raised to guide the study. A sample
size for this study is a total of 72 respondents constituted the sample for the study. The
sample was selected using a proportionate sampling technique whereby 10% of the target
population was randomly selected across the target locations. The questionnaire was the
major instrument used for the study and was designed and validated by experts in the
department of Adult and Non-formal Education, Faculty of Education University of Benin.
Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques such as tables, frequencies
counts, simple percentages, and mean score.
Findings of the study revealed that the overall perception of adult learners towards
environmental education programmes is the fact the programme is not effective in Benin
Metropolis, that adult learners have a positive attitude towards participating in
environmental education programmes, it was concluded that there are still worrisome
challenges confronting adult learners’ perception, attitude and interest towards
environmental education programmes and that these challenges majorly ranged from
inadequate publicity, illiteracy and ignorance, poverty and low income levels.
It was further recommended that Government should ensure that environmental
education programmes is effective in Benin Metropolis. Adult learners should be
enlightened that cleaning the environment is not only a benefit to the environment but also
a benefit to their health. Government should provide training for adults in the community
on how to recycle waste in other to avoid littering in the room.

The previous system which had a 3.5KVA, 48V inverter, eight(8) 12V, 220AH wet cell batteriesb and eight(8) 150W, 24V solar panels was disconnected. A new inverter which is a hybrid inverter of rating 7.5KVA, 48V was purchased alongside with four(4) 12V, 220AH wet cell batteries. The panels which were placed on the roof 500m from the stationary unit was cleaned up with wet rags and mild detergent, and the eight(8) old batteries were cleaned up and revamped by addition of distilled water and the batteries were arranged in three(3) frameworks (four to each). A framework containing the four(4) new 12V batteries connected in series to give a steady voltage of 48V were connected to the 7.5KVA inverter of which also had the solar panels connected to it. These
made up Unit A while the other two framework which had the four(4) old 12V batteries connected in series each (making up 8 batteries) were connected together in parallel to make up for the steady 48V and then connected to the 3.5KVA inverter which was connected to a 48V, 50A charge controller on which the solar panels were connected to. These connections made up Unit B. Unit A was made to supply the departmental offices and the lecturer offices which carries more load while Unit B was made to supply the 400level, 500level class and other few minor devices which had less load. The integration of both Units and the separation of loads led to a more efficient and reliable PV system for the department of Mechanical engineering as the alternate source of power can now be used for longer hours without powering down.

This study examined the role of adult education in alleviating poverty in Benin metropolis. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, five research questions were raised. The sample for the study consists of one hundred (100) adult learners selected from four (4) adult literacy centres in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. The participants were selected using the simple random sampling method and data was collected with the aid of questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the instrument were ascertained using the test-retest procedures. Simple percentages and frequency count were used to analyze collected data. Findings from the study revealed that the several factors such as Irresponsibility of adult and lack of access to instructional materials, learning facilities, grants and start up capital could hinder the effectiveness of the programme. And based on the findings emanating from the study it was recommended that Stakeholders in education sector should ensure that adult literacy centres are well equipped with adequate learning resources and financial knowledge in other to boost their financial life. More also, that government, communities and instructors should partner together to checkmate highlighted factors respobible for poverty in the state.

Medicinal plants have been used to treat diseases all across the world for thousands of years. The methanolic extract of powdered leaves of Carica papaya, Laurus nobilis, and Gongronema latifolium were subjected to phytochemical screening and antioxidants activity assays. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins in methanol extract was revealed by phytochemical screening. The leaf extract of Carica papaya showed the presence of the
flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, steroids, terpernoids, saponnis, but quinones were absent. Laurus nobilis was found to contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, quinones but terpernoids were absent. Gongronema latifolium was found to contain tannins, saponins, terpernoids, alkaloids, quinones, but steroids, phenols, cardiac glycosides, phenols, steroids, flavonoids were absent. The EC50 value of the DPPH radical scavenging activities shows that Bay leaf (0.586± 0.049µg/ml) has the highest radical scavenging activity followed by Pawpaw leaf (0.685± 0.012µg/ml), and Utazi leaf (0.896± 0.104µg/ml). The Phosphomolybdate assay shows that Utazi (0.619±0.012 μg/ml) >Pawpaw (0.752± 0.166μg/ml) and Bay (0.816± 0.094 μg/ml). Hydrogen peroxide: Pawpaw leaf>Utazi leaf >Bay leaf respectively. Reducing power for Pawpaw leaf >Bay leaf >Utazi leaf which had the lowest value. The total flavonoid content shows that Bay leaf (0.053± 0.010mg/gQE) has the highest total flavonoids content followed by Pawpaw leaf (0.233±0.012mg/gQE) and Utazi leaf (0.051± 0.008mg/gQE). The total phenolic content shows that Bay leaf0.145± 0.021mg/gGAE, have the highest total phenolic content followed by Pawpaw leaf 0.055±0.015mg/gGAE, and Utazi leaf 0.041±0.003mg/gGAE. These results show a non-statistical significant difference (p>0.05) in antioxidants activities of Pawpaw leaf, Bay leaf, Utazi leafs and standard antioxidant activity. It also shows that leaves of utazi, pawpaw and bay possess significant phytochemicals and antioxidant activity.

This research endeavor seeks to develop an innovative catalyst for the pyrolysis procedure, transforming waste plastic (polyethylene terephthalate PET) into a liquid fuel source. The objectives include preparation of waste PET and clay specimens, the fabrication of a zeolite catalyst from clay, and the subsequent examination and characterization of this catalyst. The experimental setup entailed weighing 500 g of PET particles and 25 g of zeolite catalyst, purging the system with nitrogen gas to establish an oxygen-free milieu, and commencing pyrolysis at 450°C with a heating gradient of 15°C/min and a reaction duration of 30 min in a diminutive fixed-bed reactor.
The findings indicate the efficacy of calcined clay soil in the pyrolysis of discarded PET containers. Structural analysis revealed specific surface area, bulk density, particle size, and porosity values of 86.10 m²/g, 1.285 g/cm³, <100μm, and 48%, respectively. Spectroscopic analysis underscored a notable composition of calcium oxide in the catalyst, corroborating its catalytic prowess. Furthermore, the catalytic pyrolysis process yielded a greater volume of oil compared to non-catalytic pyrolysis, as exemplified in Table 4.3. The physiochemical attributes of the resultant oil conformed to ASTM standards, with caloric value, flash point, kinematic viscosity, and specific gravity measured at 16.42 kcal/kg, 78°C, 2.80 mm²/s, and 0.8601, respectively.
In conclusion, this study proffers a promising approach to address the issue of plastic waste by converting PET bottles into a valuable liquid fuel source utilizing a novel clay-based catalyst. The developed catalyst exhibits advantageous structural and spectroscopic properties, enhancing the efficiency of the pyrolysis process. Moreover, the resulting fuel meets industry benchmarks, intimating its potential for practical applications in energy production and waste management.