The study investigated the Differential Effectiveness of Cognitive Restructuring
Therapy (CRT), Social Skills Training (SST) and Assertiveness Training (AT) Counselling
Techniques in Handling Shyness using Students in Public Junior Secondary Schools in Egor
Local Government Area of Edo State. The study determined the general level of shyness as
well as among male and female students in junior secondary schools in Egor Local Government
Area of Edo State. The study also determined if sex influenced the efficacies of the three
counselling therapies in the handling of shyness among students in junior secondary schools in
Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. To address the problem of the study, nine research
questions were raised and seven of them were formulated into seven corresponding hypotheses
and tested at 0.05 level of significance.
The target population of the study consisted of thirty thousand, five hundred and
seventy-four (30,574) students enrolled in the 2022/2023 academic session in the Public Mixed
Junior Secondary Schools Two (JSS2) in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The
sample size comprised of two hundred (200) junior secondary school students which were
selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Quasi experimental research design which
involved non-equivalent pre-test-post-test design was adopted for the study which consisted of
three experimental groups. The instrument used for pre-test and post-test was the questionnaire
titled; Shyness Inventory (SI). The validity of the instrument was ascertained by three experts
the researcher’s two supervisors and one test expert in the Department of Educational
Evaluation and Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin-City.
The instrument was administered on thirty students outside the sample of the study to
determine the reliability of the instrument. Cronbach Alpha statistics was used to obtain a
reliability coefficient of 0.85. The Shyness Inventory (SI) was used to identify the shy students

who took part in the study. The treatment intervention lasted for a period of six weeks of two
sessions weekly lasting for forty-five (45) minutes per session. The data collected were
analysed using descriptive statistics of frequencies, means and standard deviation and
inferential statistics of paired sample t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
The findings of the study showed that the level of shyness among students in Junior
Secondary Schools in Edo State was high. That SST was most effective followed by AT and
CRT was least effective in handling shyness among students in junior secondary schools in
Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. Also, there was no significant interaction effect of
treatment by sex of the participants. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others
that, counsellors and counselling psychologists should, therefore, utilize the three counselling
therapies in handling shyness among secondary school students.

The main aim of this study is to examine deviant workplace behaviour of employees in public hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. In this study,100 questionnaires were administered while 91 copies of the questionnaires were retrieved making a response rate of 91% and used as data for the analysis. The result shows that Job Stress have a positive and insignificant effect on the deviant workplace behaviour of the employees in public hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. The result shows that workover-load have a positive and significant effect on employee deviant workplace behaviour in public hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. Also, the result shows that role ambiguity and conflict have a positive and significant effect on the employee workplace behaviour in public hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. Lastly, the result shows that there exist a positive and significant effect on the deviant workplace behaviour of the employees in public hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. It was recommended that organizations should establish a clear and comprehensive policies and code of conduct, organizations should make regular training and awareness programs available to educate employees about these policies and fostera culture of respect and professionalism in the workplace. Also, those organizations should train the supervisors and managers in conflict resolution and effective leadership and continuously monitor the employees satisfaction through appraisal and reward and recognize good behaviour of employees to boost the moral of he employees.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) remains a significant global health challenge, impacting individuals across all agegroups and socioeconomic strata. Despite advancements in physiotherapeutic interventions, the debate persists on the preference for manual therapy (MT) versus electrotherapy (ET) as adjuvants in managing LBP. This study evaluates the preferences of physiotherapists for MT or ET in the treatment of LBP within a tertiary health institution. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate physiotherapists' intervention preferences for manual therapy or electrotherapy in the treatment of low back pain. In addition, it also seeks to identify the factors that influence their intervention preference and to assess the implication of these intervention preferences on patients’ outcome and clinical practice in general Method: Utilizing a purposive sampling technique, data for this study was collected using the self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Pain Attitudes and Belief Scale for Physiotherapy (PABS-PT) questionnaire. 45 physiotherapists (57% female and 42% male) were recruited from seven (7) units completed the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. Result: 57.8% were female, while 42.2% were male .Most respondents (73.3%) were aged 18–29 years, indicating a young workforce with 91.1% having a Bachelor’s degree. 64.4% had less than one year of clinical experience, with only 8.9% practicing for more than 10 years. 55.6% reported frequent use of MT, 46.7% often used ET, while 26.7% always used it. 68.9% consistently utilized exercise therapy alongside MT and ET. 37.8% believed MT was the most effective for LBP, 51.1% considered ET an essential treatment component and majority (55.6%) factored clinical reasoning into their choice of therapy. The main barriers of utilization were, lack of equipment reported 80%., lack of time cited 54.5%, patients with iv comorbidities Identified by 66.7% and insufficient training noted by 57.8%. Treatment Approaches for LBP Only 15.6% preferred MT alone, while 13.3% favored ET alone treatment. The majority (55.6%) preferred combining MT and ET for better outcomes. Conclusion: The study highlighted that physiotherapists recognize the benefits of integrating MT and ET to address the multifactorial nature of LBP effectively. However, barriers such as lack of equipment and insufficient training limit optimal utilization.

The study was aimed at comparing the academic behaviour in myopic and hyperopic school children. One hundred and sixteen (116) school children were examined which comprised of seventy-seven (77) myopes and thirty-nine (39) hyperopes, drawn from two (2) secondary schools in Ugbowo, Benin city. The academic behaviour was categorised into reading duration, ability to see the board from the back of the classroom, ability to focus while studying, ability to study without experiencing headache, ability to study without experiencing blurry vision, ability to study without experiencing strain and academic performance in percentage (%). The result of the comparison of the academic behviour using the independent t-test showed no significant difference in the academic behaviour of myopic and hyperopic school children, except in their ability to see the board from the back. Thus, we conclude by saying that myopic and hyperopic school children exhibit similar behaviour except in their ability to see the board from the back

This study examined the effect of campus political participation on the academic performance of undergraduate students of the University of Benin, Benin City. It examined how campus politics influence the academic performance of students who involve in it. The questionnaire was made up of two sections: Section A consisted of Bio-Data while Section B consisted of relevant information on the effects of campus political participation on the academic performance of students. The simple random and test-retest reliability. The simple random sampling technique was used for analyzing the data collected. The results from the analysis showed that participation in campus politics among other factors is a major factor that influences students’ academic performance and its effect is negative hence the level of academic performance of students who participate in campus politics at the University of Benin, Benin City, is moderate. From the result of the analysis it was recommended that adequate orientation should be given to students who intend to engage in campus politics and those already involved so as to understand the nature of activity they intend participating in as well as discouraging those who are not strong enough to maintain a balance between academics and politics at the early stage as this will enable them outline their priorities

This study is conducted to investigate the factors associated with the teaching and learning of Computer Science in Senior Secondary School in Oredo local government of Edo state. Based on the research, questionnaire was designed was designed for the study. One hundred copies of the questionnaire were administered on the analysis of the data, the following findings were discovered. The study revealed that there are some problems facing the teaching and learning of computer science such as inadequate professionally trained computer teachers, inadequate funding, negative attitudes of teachers towards students, etc. Also to the extent to which lack of infrastructural facilities and teaching aids affect the effective teaching and learning of computer science in senior secondary school was discussed in the cause of the study. Also it was discovered that inadequate of computer system could lead to lack of practical which happen to lack of effective teaching and learning of computer science in Senior Secondary School.

Politicizing religion has been a topic of contention, with some arguing that doing so undermines the fundamental purpose of faith or God’s creation. Religion has a significant impact on people’s lives and choices all around the country. It has far-reaching consequences, influencing not only interpersonal interactions but also style, food, and political leanings. As a result of the intertwined nature of faith and civic engagement, every person has the opportunity to effect positive change in the world. Religion has an effect on many facets of modern society, including politics. The study’s goals were to determine how religious values and beliefs shape the choices, indecisions, and interactions of individuals and faith-based organizations in a pluralized economic and political state like Nigeria; to analyze how religious movements and religion affect the relationships between states and societies; and determine how religious movements and religion shape voter behavior during and after periodic elections. Over the course of the research, 150 participants filled out questionnaires to provide quantitative data for the study. The study found that the interplay of religion and government in Nigeria is exceptionally complicated. This is because the majority of the population in Nigeria’s two largest ethnic regions (the North and the West) adheres to Islam and the majority of the Igbo and the south- south population adheres to Christianity. That is to say, both of the country’s main faiths are widely practiced everywhere. As a result of this quirk, Nigeria can feel secure in its secular identity. However, religious pluralism and the politicization of religious issues have always been a challenge to Nigeria’s secularity. An effective electoral democracy and a powerful, united nation cannot be built without first addressing the danger posed by ethnicity and ethnic bloc voting, as suggested by the study. To achieve this goal, efforts should be made to formulate a set of constitutionally-enshrined principles for nation-building. The road forward also requires
teaching the population about religion and elections, and there must be a commitment to ensuring that the benefits of economic and infrastructure growth are shared fairly. It is important to promote religious tolerance and mutual understanding, especially among Christians, Muslims, and African Traditionalists.

Journalism as a whole has developed and moved into a more modernized form which is on various digital platforms. News stories, articles, editorials etc. have all moved online without the hardcopy dying off but there has been a drastic decrease in hardcopy readership. This further encouraged media houses to take their contents online, to also build online readership. There are various factors that come to play to ensure that these online readers being targeted actually see, hear or watch the contents and one of the most important is Search Engine Optimisation aka SEO.Search Engine Optimisation has become a deciding factor on who gets to see what and what gets seen by web users. It’s a new media skill that has become important in the news room for web journalists but
adequate research hasn’t been conducted. It still remains a big mystery to many modern journalists. This work studies the level of impact and influence this SEO has on web contents visibility to their target web browser. This study uses two of the world’s most popular search engines as case study. Google and Yahoo although different are both search engines that have algorithms that contribute to contents visibility.

This study was carried out to ascertain the socio-economic factors affecting the educational growth of adolescents in Owan East Local Government Area of Edo State.. The study consist of five chapters and each has vital information
regarding to the topic under study. Chapter one consist of general introductions and research questions, three research questions were raised which include: (1)What are the attributes of educational growth? (2)What is the impact of socio-economic status on educational growth? (3)What role has socio-economic factor such as educational level, occupational level and income to play in the educational growth of an adolescent? The chapter two focused on literature review on the meaning of concepts used and counter-montions were critically evaluated, the relationship
between socio-economic factors and educational growth was drawn. The chapter three if this study centered on research methodology and design. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the sampling size. A total of 100 questionnaires were administered to five selected schools within Owan East Local Government Area of Edo State, 20 questionnaire were distributed to each school. [1] In chapter four, the administered questionnaires were analyzed and interpreted. The findings revealed that there is a high rate of influence of socio-economic status on the educational growth of adolescents in Owan East Local Government Area of Edo State. Other findings were revealed in this chapter. Chapter five, contains general discussion of findings, summary of research, conclusion reached and recommendation put forward to eliminate the constraint facing the educational growth of adolescents.
[2]

La première partie de l’étude introduit le contexte linguistique du Nigeria, oùl’anglais est la langue officielle et le français une langue secondaire obligatoire danslesystème éducatif. L’étude met en évidence l’influence de l’anglais sur l’apprentissagedufrançais, notamment en raison des similitudes lexicales et grammaticales entre les deuxlangues, mais aussi des interférences linguistiques pouvant entraîner des difficultésd’acquisition. À travers une revue de la littérature, l’étude analyse les points communset les différences entre l’anglais et le français et identifie plusieurs défis auxquels lesétudiants anglophones sont confrontés, notamment en matière de prononciation, d’orthographe, de syntaxe et de conjugaison. Le troisième chapitre expose la méthodologie adoptée pour la recherche. Unplanderecherche par sondage a été utilisé pour cette étude menée auprès de 100 étudiantsdepremière année en français à l’Université du Bénin. Un questionnaire structuré a permisde collecter les données, qui ont ensuite été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptiveset de tests t. Les résultats indiquent que l’influence de la connaissance préalabledel’anglais sur l’apprentissage du vocabulaire français est relativement faible. Bienquecertaines similitudes existent entre les deux langues, elles ne facilitent passignificativement l’apprentissage du français. En revanche, des difficultés majeures ont été relevées chez les étudiants, notamment en raison des différences phonétiqueset grammaticales. Les chapitres quatre et cinq présentent et discutent les résultats de l’étude. L’analysedes données confirme que l’apprentissage du français par les étudiants anglophones est entravé par des interférences linguistiques et un manque d’exposition à la langue cible. La conclusion souligne que, bien que l’anglais puisse offrir certains avantages dansl’apprentissage du français, il constitue également une source d’obstacles. L’étuderecommande donc des approches pédagogiques adaptées, incluant des méthodes viii interactives, une immersion linguistique accrue et l’accès à des ressources pédagogiquesadéquates pour améliorer l’acquisition du français chez les étudiants anglophones