The study investigated influence of English Language teaching
methods on public secondary school students in Egor Local Government
Area of Benin City. The design adopted for this study is the descriptive
survey method. Three (3) research questions were raised for the study. The population of this study consisted of all the English Language
secondary school teachers in Egor Local Government Area of Benin City. A
total of sixty (60) English Language teachers were randomly selected as the
sample size from eight (8) public secondary schools in Egor Local
Government Area of Benin City. A structured questionnaire was used to
collect data from respondents. The research instrument used was validated
by experts in the Department of Educational Foundations. Data collected
from the survey were statistically analyzed. After analysis, results were
displayed on tables showing frequencies, percentages, mean scores and
standard deviations of responses, including the decisions made. Based on the findings, it was discovered that the majority of the
teachers in Egor Local Government Area of Benin City mostly make use of
the communicative language teaching method to teach English Language, the teachers need to adopt varying teaching methods in a lesson in order to
achieve their goal in the class, etc. Following the findings, some
recommendations were made on how to ensure adequate use of language
teaching methods in public secondary school in Egor Local Government
Area of Benin City. It was recommended that there is strenuous supervision
of academic activities in secondary schools in Egor Local Government Area
of Benin City by both internal and external authorities, workshops be
organized for teachers of English to refresh their language teaching skills
and enable them also, to be up-to-date on the traditional and modern
language teaching methods, etc.

This project delves into the emergency and evolution of post proverbiums in Nigeria pidgin. Post proverbs have long served as a powerful medium of communication, cultural expression and social commentary in Nigeria. This study aims to explore the use of post proverbs in Nigeria pidgin, how post proverbs has successfully influenced the Nigerian society today.
The research methodology involves collecting and analysing a diverse range of proverbs from various sources, including literature, social media, conversations and media platforms through a combination of quantitative analysis. The findings of the study shed light on how Nigeria pidgin are used to express contemporary proverbs which reflects the modern society (technology, globalization,). Additionally, the study highlights the role of post proverbs in advising, entertaining and fostering oneness.
In conclusion, the research contributes to the understanding of evolving nature of post proverbs in Nigeria pidgin, since this area has not been properly researched on.

Water is a vital resource for all known living organisms, as there is no life without it. The Earth’s surface is 71% water and fresh water comprises 3% of the total amount water on the Earth’s surface. The aim of the present study was to determine the physicochemical parameters and isolation of Fungi from reservoir Water in different communities in Benin City. Water samples were collected from Adolor, BDPA, Ekosodin, Isihor, Osasogie, Uniben and Uwasota all in Benin City, Edo State. The samples were then taken to the laboratory and cultured on potato dextrose agar using the pour plate technique. The pure culture of fungal isolates were identified phenotypically. The isolates antifungal susceptibility profiles were determined
The results for physiochemical analysis of the reservoir water sample showed that the pH values were within the range of 7.59 – 6.63, electrical Conductivity ranged from 13 - 159 µS/cm. The temperature range gotten from this study is 25.3 – 29.4 oC. Total suspended solid varied from 0.59 – 0.98 g/l. Biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 0.02 – 0.07. The alkalinity ranged from 0.12 to 0.5 g/l. Manganese was present in the ranged from 0.01 to 0.15 mg/l. The total fungal count was shown a ranged of 0.025 x 103 - 2.3 x 103 cfu/ml. The highest fungal count was found in Ekosodin, having a value of 2.3 x 103 cfu/ml while the lowest was from Osasogie, value of 0.025 x 103 cfu/ml. The identified fungal isolates from the various samples of water were Penicilium chrysogenum, Yeast, Rhizopus stolonifera, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergilus niger. The isolate with the lowest percentage distribution was Penicilium chrysogenum, asides Penicilium chrysogenum the rest of the isolates were found in all the sampled locations. The pathogenicity result showed all isolates were positive to Gamma Haemolysis and Lipase production. All isolates showed susceptibility to Nystatin but showed varying resistance to Vericonazole with penicillin showing the highest susceptibility. Recent discoveries on fungi requiring special attention include the presence of opportunistic and emerging pathogens in water sources.

Entrepreneurship plays a pivotal role in driving sustainability by fostering innovation, creating employment, and promoting economic resilience. In Edo State (Benin City) this
study examines how entrepreneurship serves as a critical tool for achieving sustainability
in economic, social, and environmental dimensions. By analyzing entrepreneurial
ventures, the research explores how business innovation, resource efficiency, and
sustainable business practices contribute to long-term economic growth while addressing
global challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and environmental degradation. Using
both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including case studies and surveys, this study evaluates the impact of entrepreneurial initiatives on sustainable development. Findings reveal that entrepreneurs who integrate sustainability into their business models
not only achieve profitability but also contribute to environmental conservation and
social well-being. However, challenges such as limited access to funding, regulatory
barriers, and market competition hinder the full potential of entrepreneurship in driving
sustainability. The study concludes by recommending policy support, capacity-building
programs, and access to sustainable financing as key interventions to enhance
entrepreneurship as a tool for long-term sustainability

Coloured aluminium roofing sheets represents the common roofing sheet for the most houses in Benin city. Different colours of aluminium deliver various impacts on the indoor environment. This study focuses on estimating the amount of heat gain and roof surface temperature obtained from different colours of aluminium . The paper hypothesizes that colour techniques could affect the thermal efficiency of aluminium roofs. The research was based on the simulation analysis applied on an actual room size with different colours (dark purple, green and orange} in the University of Benin, Benin-city. As a result, the findings affirm the hypothesis and show the significance of roof colour in the thermal efficiency of aluminium roof. This study contributes efficiently to the knowledge of the roofing design in the tropics. In addition, it will shed light on the economic sector and sustainability for optimum roofing concept particularly for low cost housing components in Nigeria.

This research focus on teenage pregnancy and its impact on the educational
development of teenagers in Ekosodin Secondary School, Benin City has become
increased as a result that teenage girls do not have adequate knowledge of protecting
themselves from unwanted pregnancy due to lack of sex education at homes, churches, and also in the schools. The aim of this study is therefore was to examine teenage
pregnancy and its impact on the educational development of teenager in Ekosodin
Secondary School, Benin City. The research design is a descriptive type of survey design and the study
population consisted of a total of 147 students of the study (Ekosodin Secondary School
Principal, 2022). A sample size of 100 respondents was selected using convenient
sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a well-designed structured
questionnaire which was validated by the project supervisor and two other lecturers from
the Department of Health, Safety and Environmental Education. Collected data was
analyzed using descriptive statistical tools such as frequency and percentage tables. The
impact of teenage pregnancy on the educational development was established to help
reduce and prevent teenage pregnancy among the students and also increase the teaching
of sex education in schools. Also finding shows that teenage pregnancy affects teenagers
educational performance in school which can leads to poor academic performance, isolation from friends and family and also leads to drop out, lack of information, community and social pressure to marry, sexual violence social media influence, peer
pressure and others are some of the leading causes of teenage pregnancy, teenage mothers
faces a lot of challenges which includes, health challenges, premature labour, poverty and
providing adequate information and contraceptive, making emergency contraceptive
accessible, teaching of abstinence and introduction of sex education in the curriculum
will help in the reduction of teenage pregnancy among teenagers. And It is thus
recommended that the health educators should encouraged to give emotional support to
pregnant teenagers by showing them love and empathy, sex education should be
introduced in the Curriculum, health care professionals can help in improving the
knowledge and understanding on the uses of contraceptive in order to prevent teenage
pregnancy and abstinence should also be encouraged as the most effective method of
preventing teenage pregnancy

Herbal extracts which can serve as medicinal plants have been used since ancient times and even considered the source of modern medicine. Bry Hullum pinetum extracts have been shown to possess neuroprotective properties potentially useful in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Podophyllum pinetum is a plant used to treat inflammations, infections, and also have anti cancer properties. This study was carried out to explore the effects of Podophyllum pinetum extract on the cerebrum of Adult Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) rats weighing between 140g-200g were randomly assigned into six (6) groups (A,B,C,D,E and F),with five rats per group. Group A was control group while Group B,C,D,E and F were administered with Podophyllum pinetum extract in doses of 200,400,600,800 and 1000mg/kg respectively. The rats were acclimatized for a period of two weeks and administered for a period of four weeks using oral route by the use of orogastric tube. The rats were
anesthetized with chloroform and then sacrificed. The cerebrum was harvested and immediately fixed for antioxidant stress test and for tissue processing. H&E stains were use for histological test. The result of the study shows that there was no statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in the final body weight of rats in entire group compared to it's initial body weigh except group B where there is a significant change in weight .There was no statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in cerebrum weight and organo-somatic index. In the chart showing the antioxidant results, it shows that it is not statistically significant. Histological slides in control group show: molecular, external granular, external pyramidal, internal granular, internal pyramidal and multi-form layers. Group B show: vasodilatation normal pyramidal neurons with conspicuous nucleoles oligodendrocytes and neuropil. Group C show: normal neurons with conspicuous nucleoles, oligodendrocytes, neuropil cerebral vasodilatation. Group D show: normal granular cell neurons with conspicuous nucleoli, normal oligodendrocytes and marked vasodilatation and active congestion. Group E and F marked show vasodilatation and active congestion, normal granular cells with conspicuous nucleolus and oligodendrocytes. In conclusion, graded concentration of Podophyllum pinetum induced vasogenic effects and increased protein synthesis in a dose dependent fashion and it had no adverse effect on it

Background: WMSDs are disorders/injuries sustained from job environment and work performance; they worsen or lasts longer as a result of the work environment.
Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence and identify the preventive and coping strategies of WMSDs among physiotherapists in the south-south region of Nigeria.
Methods: Simple random sampling technique was used to select hospitals and physiotherapists in these hospitals were the respondents in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data on the socio-demographic characteristics, prevalence of WMSDs on different regions of the body, risk factors of developing WMSDs, preventive measures and coping strategies of WMSDs among respondents; data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 26; descriptive and interferential statistics of Chi square was used to determine the association between the prevalence of WMSDs and the socio demographic characteristics of the respondents.
Results: This study showed 86.5% of WMSDs among respondents, working in the same position for a long period as a major risk factors contributing to WMSDs, ergonomic modification as a preventive measure of WMSDs and adjustment of plinths/bed as the major coping strategies adopted by respondents towards WMSDs.

This research explores applying the principles of management in managing a festival, using Isi festival as a case study. The aim of this research is to find out how management can be applied in a festival. This study was conducted in in Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria. The survey research design was employed using questions to elicit responses from the people of Isi community. Research analysis revealed that majority of the respondents in this study attested that management is important in every festival in order to ensure a smooth and successful festival. Since our indigenous festivals have been classified as Theatre, then a trained manager is required to manage it by employing the tool of careful observation, prompt action and clear communication in pursuit of a smooth festival production process. For Isi festival, the researcher functioned as a manager as she is
involved in every phase of preparation to the D-day performance. The festival manager begins working before the major players ever begins and continue even after the event kicks off. The functions, duties and role of a festival manager to employ strategies to manage this event cannot be downplayed nor over emphasize. It is highly recommended that the festival manager serve as an open line of communication between all players and active participants and crew. A tripartite methodology of literary, artistic and sociological was used to realize this research.

This report details the design, fabrication, and testing of a system for producing dry powdered akamu, a traditional Nigerian porridge made from fermented corn, sorghum, or millet. Akamu is an important dietary staple in Nigeria, however its high moisture content and short shelf life pose preservation challenges. Converting akamu to a dry powder form can extend its shelf life for
storage and distribution. The aim of this project was to develop a process for producing preservable akamu powder. The device utilizes a vapor compression refrigeration cycle for air dehumidification coupled with electric heating to create optimal drying conditions. A control system consisting of an Arduino microcontroller which monitors and controls the operation of
the device based off key operational parameters of temperature and humidity. Data on changes in said parameter was collected to evaluate its operation. Sample of akamu with a 53% moisture content (w.b) was successfully dried to 26% moisture content (w.b). Test also showed the device capability to rival available commercial dehydrators, with the device removed 3% more wet
mass in its normal operation than when solely heat driven (as most commercial dehydrator). The relationship between akamu layer thickness and moisture removal rate was also experimentally determined. The project demonstrates a practical approach to converting high-moisture akamu into a stable powder through an energy-efficient drying process. Controlling air dehumidification and temperature enabled high product quality and shelf life extension. Further work is recommended to enhance efficiency, evaluate nutritional changes, and assess commercialization feasibility. Overall, the project advances preservation technologies for an important traditional Nigerian food.