This paper focuses on the application of forensic science in latent fingerprint detection by the usage of distinct nanomaterials and their benefit with respect to the quality of fingerprint images. Nanotechnology is involved with the study of nanoscale materials, it is having a substantial impact in every industry. It is a widely used technique because of its ability to change and characterize matter down to individual and tiny atoms. Nanoparticles have recently showed considerable potential in the production of nano-fingerprints i.e. the nextgeneration of fingerprint development procedures. Silica nanoparticles were produced to detect invisible finger impressions on non-absorbent surfaces. Silicon usually has been obtained from mineral in rock and sand, however, silicon also can be obtained in organic material such as risk husk, bamboo leaf, wheat husk and another agricultural waste. Bamboo is a source of organic silica (bio-silica). The bamboo absorbs silicic acid from the water and then convert it into SiO2 hydrate in the root branches and leaves

This Study evaluated the assessment on undergraduate Biology Students knowledge on the concept of Plant Nutrition at University of Benin, Two (2) research questions served as it's guidelines, and it used a descriptive survey study design. It sought to find out the level of understanding of undergraduate biology students on the concept of plant nutrient and significantly different by sex. The study employed the descriptive survey random design of Biology students in University of Benin, Edo State and a total of (100) respondents which were collected from Biology department of University of Benin. The researcher developed achievement test questionnaire on "undergraduate Biology Students knowledge on the concept of Plant Nutrition" was used as the data collection tool. There are twenty (20) questions on the achievement test. To analyze the data collected, descriptive statistics such as simple percentage and frequency were used. The study find out that 100-200 level Students have a basic understanding of basic concepts related to plant nutrition but they lacked in-depth comprehension of plant nutrition. 300 and 400 level undergraduate students displayed a deeper comprehension and have more understanding of plant nutrition concept. The findings of the study also reveals that gender can influence educational outcomes in concept of plant nutrient, attitudes towards plant nutrition can also differ by gender, female students expressed greater interest in plant nutrition. It was suggested that the curriculum for 100-200 level students be revised to include more detailed and practical content on plant nutrition. Given that female students showed greater interest in plant nutrition, it is suggested that teaching strategies be tailored to engage both male and female students equally

The study examined challenges encountered by student teachers during teaching practice in Nigeria Universities with reference to University of Benin. Five research questions guided the study that adopted a simple descriptive research design.Thepopulation of the study was 300Level and 400Level students of the Faculty of Education, University of Benin for 2017/2021 academic session. The method for data collection was Random Sampling Technique which was used to draw a sample size of 200. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire that was duly validated and its reliability determined. The findings show that inadequate funds, class management and supervision are some of the challenges student.The study also reveals that location of teaching practice school, transportation to the school of practice, extra work load given to the student teacher by the head teacher, lack of infrastructure in the practicing school and negligence on the part of the student teacher are challenges encountered by student teachers during teaching practice.x The study concluded that the challenges encountered by students are numerous. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations were made the provision of adequate instructionalmaterials by the practicing school, organization of ef ective and adequate orientation for the student teacher by the institutions and posting of student teachers to schools close to them to enhance teaching practice efectiveness to achieve education for sustainable development in Nigeria

Background: Clinical clerkship potentially serves as an effective approach to enhance pharmacy students' understanding of and attitudes towards pharmaceutical care. Pharmaceutical care (PC) highlights the importance of pharmacists providing patient-centered care Aim of the study: To assess pharmacists’ perception on the inclusion of community pharmacy in clinical clerkship in Benin city, Edo state. Method: This was a cross-sectional qualitative study across 13 community pharmacies in Benin City, A Face-to-face interview with the 13 selected pharmacists was conducted within the community pharmacy premise. Results: Community pharmacists revealed that they provide a wide range of pharmaceutical services. All the preceptors had positive reception of clerkship program and they described the involvement of community pharmacies in clinical clerkship as a welcome development and great innovation as the experiences of the preceptors with the students have been good and fabulous so
far. The challenges associated with community pharmacies involvement in preceptorship include; Unseriousness of students and interference of students' schedule with normal school work, unwillingness of pharmacists to participate, transportation cost, time constraints, little space for one-on-one interaction etc. Some of the areas of improvement suggested by the various
pharmacist include provision of transportation, adequate time for learning and also educating the students what is expected of them. The student performance was generally rated above average (50%), except for P5 which rated student performance based on confidence level below the average (40%).

Vernonia amygdalina Delile (bitter leaf) and Spondias mombin Linn (hog plum) are medicinal plants widely used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments. This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile, phytochemical constituents and toxicological effects of these extracts in Female Wistar rats. Ethanol extract of both plants were collected, authenticated and prepared. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted revealing the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, phenolic compounds, steroids/triterpenes, saponins and cardiac glycosides, with a notable absence of cyanogenic glycosides. Sub-acute assessment on Female Wistar rats were carried out following oral gavage of the extracts at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg doses for 28 days. The V. amygdalina extract demonstrated high systemic tolerance, with all doses maintaining stable blood, liver, and kidney functions. It exhibited beneficial immunomodulatory effects, specifically activating the spleen and mobilizing lung defense mechanisms. Meanwhile, a mild liver inflammation (portal hepatitis) was observed exclusively at the 200 mg dose. Conversely, S. mombin extract presented a safety paradox: standard blood tests suggested it was systemically protective (reduced AST/ALT and Urea), yet histopathology study revealed toxicity. This toxicity manifested as destructive localized damage, including ulceration of the coronary arteries and bronchioles, making the extract critically unsafe for internal consumption. This research validates V. amygdalina as a safe, systemic immunomodulator within the tested dose range. While S. mombin presented a safety paradox. The findings strongly necessitate the mandatory integration of detailed histopathology into regulatory safety screening protocols for traditional plant medicines to detect latent, life-threatening organ toxicity that standard blood tests can miss.

This study accessed the microbial analysis of melon seeds purchased from different vendors in New Benin market, Ogida market, Oba market and Uselu market in Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria. Samples were collected in sterile plastic containers and taken to the laboratory for microbiological assessment following standard procedures. The microbiological assessment was carried out using cultural techniques. Identification of the microbial isolates was done using biochemical methods, phenotypic virulence properties were evaluated for the isolates and antimicrobial sensitivity was carried out using agar well diffusion method. The results showed that the bacterial counts ranged from 1.96±0.67 to 3.45±1.15x10 5 CFU/g. The total coliform counts ranged from 4.73±0.67 to 9.66±0.67 x10 3 CFU/g. The fungal counts ranged from 1.00±0.00 to 6.00±0.58x10 3 CFU/g. The bacterial isolated from the melon seed samples were Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp and Staphylococcus aureus. The fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium chrysogenum, Fusarium sp and Trichoderma sp respectively. The antibacterial susceptibility testing showed that all isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and levofloxacin but were also resistant to pefloxacin, gentamycin, ampiclox, zinnacef, amoxicillin and rocephin. It was also evident that all isolates were found to have an MAR index greater than 0.2 which means that the isolates were all pathogens of public health importance. The study therefore suggests regular surveillance and checks to monitor local vended foods on sale to ensure effective food safety

This study investigates the relationship between Value Added Tax (VAT) revenues, inflation, and infrastructural development in Edo State, Nigeria, over the period 2015– 2024. VAT, a consumption-based tax introduced in Nigeria in 1993, has become a key
source of non-oil revenue, supporting investments in health, education, and agriculture. Despite steady VAT allocations, infrastructure outcomes remain uneven, raising questions about the efficiency of resource utilization. The study aims to assess the contribution of VAT revenue to infrastructural development, examine the role of inflation, and evaluate how effectively fiscal resources are transformed into tangible outcomes. Secondary data were obtained from Edo State Citizens Accountability Reports, FAAC disbursement records, Audited Financial Statements, and the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. Short-run dynamic modeling was employed to analyze the relationship between VAT revenue, inflation, and infrastructure development. Findings show that VAT revenue is a highly significant determinant of infrastructure, with each additional billion Naira generating approximately 194.455 million Naira in development outcomes, while inflation is statistically insignificant. Transformation efficiency is approximately 19.4%, indicating gaps in financial management and governance. The study concludes that strategic planning, enhanced public financialxiii management, diversified funding sources, and effective institutional capacity are essential to maximize VAT’s impact on sustainable infrastructure development in Edo State.

This study examined the spoken English language of senior secondary school students in Oredo. It also examine the kind of difficulty student face in speaking English language, investigated the causes of poor communication of spoken English language among senior secondary school students, further sought to examine the strategies adopted by teachers in overcoming student’s problem in spoken English language and investigated if the frequent use of English affect spoken English among secondary school students in the study area. To guide the study, four (4) research questions were raised. The design of the study is descriptive survey design, The population of the study comprised of eighty four (84) S.S.S.3 students drawn from three selected public schools in Benin City . A well-structured questionnaire was the instrument used to elicit information for the study. The data collected were analysed into tables using simple percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions as well as interpretation of the information gathered. The findings of the study revealed that most of the students face difficulty in expressing themselves fluently in English language, encounter difficulties in construction of English vocabularies etc. The study equally revealed that causes of poor communication among secondary school students ranges from lack of qualified English language teachers to unavailability of language laboratory, frequent usage of the mother tongue and pidgin English. Furthermore, findings from the study revealed that introduction of English language laboratory is an effective strategy to help students overcome problem in spoken English, and that there is no frequent usage of English language because English language is not a means of communication in the study area; that the mother tongue and pidgin English is the medium of communication in the study area because spoken English is only used as a medium of instruction within the school premises

This project explores the design and fabrication of a hydrolysis-based cooker, an innovative cooking device that applies controlled hydrolysis and thermal processes to generate heat for domestic cooking. Motivated by the need for sustainable, affordable, and clean cooking technologies particularly in rural parts of Nigeria and the West African region the study evaluates how scientific principles such as heat transfer, energy conversion, and material behavior can be optimized to create an efficient alternative to conventional biomass and fossilfuel stoves. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze existing cooking technologies, the application of hydrolysis and related thermal reactions in industrial systems, and previous research on fabrication techniques and material selection. Insights from these studies guided the conceptual development, material choice, and design framework for the prototype. The project also identifies critical gaps in current knowledge and technology, including affordability and cost gaps, materials and durability gaps, local adaptation and user context gaps, system integration and design gaps. The resulting prototype demonstrates the feasibility of integrating hydrolysis into a functional domestic cooking system, offering potential advantages in energy efficiency, safety, and environmental impact. This work contributes to ongoing efforts to develop innovative, sustainable, and locally adaptable cooking technologies for households in energy-challenged communities.

Thе ѕuссеѕѕ оf ѕuѕtаіnаblе аgrісulturе dереndѕ nоt juѕt оn thе mоtіvаtіоnѕ, ѕkіllѕ, аnd knowledge of individual farmers, but оn асtіоn tаkеn by the аgrісulturаl еxtеnѕіоn аgеnсу іn hаrmоnіѕіng thе асtіvіtіеѕ оf оthеr аgеnсіеѕ involved іn аgrісulturаl development. This study assessed the effectiveness of extension workers in coordinating agriculture and rural development activities in Edo State, Nigeria. specific objectives of the study were tо exаmіnе thе реrѕоnаl сhаrасtеrіѕtісѕ оf agricultural еxtеnѕіоn wоrkеrѕ, extent tо which they реrfоrm аgrісulturаl and rural dеvеlорmеnt асtіvіtіеѕ, hоw еffесtіvеness іn thе сооrdіnаtіоn оf аgrісulturаl аnd rurаl dеvеlорmеnt activities and the constraints to coordination of еxtеnѕіоn wоrkеrѕ іn Edo State.