This study examined the relationship between workplace health and safety management practices and employee well-being in selected inter-state transportation companies in Benin City, Nigeria. The study adopted a mixed-method design, combining quantitative survey data with qualitative insights using interviews. The population of the study comprised eight hundred and eighty-eight (888) drivers of ten (10) selected transport companies in Benin City. The sample size was two hundred and seventy-five (275). Primary data for the study were collected using questionnaires and interviews. The data were analysed using both descriptive statistics (frequency distributions, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis) via SPSS version 25 at a 5% significance threshold, while thematic analysis was applied to analyse the interview responses. Findings revealed that safety training, safety compliance, protective measures, welfare schemes, and work fatigue control each had significant positive effects on different dimensions of employee well-being. The results indicated that employees who received structured training and protective equipment reported better physical and emotional health, while effective welfare schemes enhanced financial and mental well-being. Furthermore, control of work fatigue was shown to improve overall job satisfaction and reduce burnout. The study concluded that employee well-being in the transportation sector is strongly tied to proactive safety practices and welfare initiatives. It was further recommended that the transportation industry should enhance safety culture through regular communication of safety policies. Others include providing and maintaining protective measures, optimizing safety training and awareness, implementing comprehensive welfare schemes, and managing work fatigue effectively

This study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and perception of quantity survey students of university of Benin towards the transmission and prevention of Corona virus. This study was guided by the following aims; to determine the level of knowledge of quantity surveyor students of University of Benin towards the prevention of Corona virus, to assess the attitude of quantity survey students of University of Benin on prevention of Corona virus and to determine the perception of quantity survey students of University of Benin on the transmission of Corona virus. The study employed a cross-sectional design that also involved a convenience sampling technique, and questionnaires were made in Google form, which was used in collecting data. The study findings revealed that 56.4% of the respondents had a fair level of knowledge, all respondents (100%) have heard of covid-19. The mean knowledge score is 63.57±13.42, which suggest a fair level of knowledge. The attitude level of the respondents shows that 47(41.4%) have negative attitude towards Corona virus, while 71(58.6%) have positive attitude towards it. This suggests that the respondents have positive attitude towards the prevention of Corona virus. The study also revealed that 61(51.4%) have negative perception towards Corona virus transmission, while 57(48.6%) have positive perception towards it. This suggests that the respondent have a negative perception on the transmission of Corona virus. Result shows that the level of knowledge is fair, with positive attitude and negative perception to the transmission and prevention of Corona virus. In conclusion, Knowledge did not show significant association with perception and also there was no significant difference in perception based on gender of the students. A recommendation of need for the university community to continuously provide accurate and timely information to their students was made

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia, which drives yet often overlooked aspect of diabetes pathophysiology is its reciprocal relationship with physiological stress. Oxidative stress can impair the function of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary– Adrenal (HPA) axis, causing an increase in cortisol secretion. Elevated cortisol, in turn, aggravates hyperglycemia and intensifies oxidative damage, creating a vicious cycle that accelerates the onset and progression of diabetic complications. Picralima nitida, a medicinal plant traditionally used in diabetes treatment, is known for its antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. However, its potential role in modulating cortisol imbalances associated with diabetes has not been previously examined. This study therefore investigated the protective effects of an aqueous fruit extract of Picralima nitida (APN) on hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and serum cortisol levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats using STZ (55 mg/kg), after which the animals received varying doses of APN for a specified treatment period. A group treated with glibenclamide served as the standard drug control. Fasting blood glucose levels were monitored throughout the study, and serum cortisol concentrations were measured using a competitive ELISA technique. The findings revealed that STZ-induced diabetic rats experienced a significant rise in cortisol levels (18.5 ± 0.1 µg/ml) compared with the non-diabetic control group (13.35 ± 2.45 µg/ml), confirming that oxidative stress triggers heightened HPA axis activity. Treatment with APN produced a pronounced reduction in cortisol levels, with the low-dose and high-dose groups showing values of 10.3 ± 1.4 µg/ml and 10.15 ± 1.45 µg/ml respectively. These reductions were statistically significant when compared with both the control and diabetic groups (P < 0.05). In addition, APN administration led to marked improvements in fasting blood glucose and oxidative stress markers. In summary, the study demonstrates that Picralima nitida effectively lowers blood glucose, mitigates oxidative stress, and corrects cortisol imbalances in diabetic rats. These results underscore its potential therapeutic value in addressing both metabolic disturbances and stress-related abnormalities associated with diabetes mellitus.

This study explored the Effectiveness of The EdoBEST programme in schools in Edo state, using Oredo Local Government Area, Benin City as the case study. It emphasized the importance of EdoBEST programme in the improvement of education in Edo State, as well as its impact in schools that has adopted the programme. Chapter one provided the introduction to the study, including the background, aims, objectives, research questions, purpose and structure of the research. Chapter one also included the statement of the problem, thereby analyzing and problematizing the EdoBEST programme. The literature review in chapter two provided an overview of the subject matter the study investigated the influence of the EdoBEST program in schools in Edo State, by gathering the views of education stakeholders in Benin, especially the ones directly involved in the EdoBEST programme. The methodology gave an overview of the research process. This included the research design, which revealed the research plan and sampling. Questionnaire were used during the field work as data gathering tools. In chapter four, the findings obtained from respondents' viewpoints were revealed. The results and outcomes from the findings were also discussed. In Chapter five, Summary, recommendations and suggestions on the study were given

Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre is a medicinal plant widely used across West Africa for the treatment of various ailments, yet the chemical constituents responsible for many of its reported therapeutic effects remain underexplored in scientific literature. This study aimed to identify the major fatty acids and ester compounds present in the aqueous stem extract of S. jollyanum using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), with the goal of contributing to phytochemical profiling and supporting the plant’s ethnomedicinal applications. Fresh stems were cleaned, air-dried, pulverized, and extracted by cold maceration. The resulting filtrates were freeze-dried and the crude aqueous extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis under optimized chromatographic and mass spectrometric conditions. The GC-MS scan revealed a spectrum of bioactive constituents including compounds known for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory activities. This study provides scientific support for the medicinal uses of S. jollyanum and establish a biochemical basis for its reported bioactivities. It further highlights the importance of GC-MS as a robust analytical tool for identifying volatile and semi-volatile compounds in medicinal plant extracts. Overall, the results strengthen the pharmacognostic understanding of S. jollyanum and lay groundwork for future studies on its biological mechanisms, safety, and potential drug development applications.

This study is on factors responsible for child abuse and neglect among secondary school students in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo state. The total population for the study is 200 students of Oredo local government of Edo state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies The major instrument used for this study was the questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed and validated by experts in the department of curriculum and instructional technology, faculty of education, university of Benin, Benin City, Edo state. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques such as tables, frequencies counts, and simple percentage. Findings of the study reveals that most children with single parent are vulnerable to sexual abuse, they are also likely to have issues with their relationship in future. It was also reveal that parent’s poor standard of living can cause harm to a child’s mental development. It was recommended that voluntary organization for the prevention and protection against child abuse should periodically organize in-house seminars, workshop and other educative programs in villages, quarters to enlighten parents and children on the dangers of child street hawking and other forms of child abuse.

Background: Hypertension remains a major global health concern, with a high prevalence in
Nigeria leading to significant cardiovascular morbidity. Despite the availability of effective
antihypertensive drugs, poor blood pressure control persists due to drug therapy problems
(DTPs) such as non-adherence and inappropriate therapy.
Objective: To assess the impact of pharmacist intervention in identifying and resolving drug
therapy problems among hypertensive patients at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital,
Benin City.
Method: A prospective observational study was conducted among 226 hypertensive patients
attending the Consultant Outpatient Department pharmacy. Data were collected using
structured forms based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification
system. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software.
Results: Out of 226 participants, 60.6% had at least one DTP. The most common problem
was non-adherence (47.3%), mostly patient-related (47.3%). Pharmacist interventions were
primarily patient-level (48.2%), with counselling being the major strategy (48.2%). Patient
acceptance of interventions was 48.2%, and prescriber acceptance 14.6%. Duration of
diagnosis showed a significant relationship with DTP occurrence (p = 0.008).
Conclusion: Pharmacist interventions significantly contributed to identifying and resolving
DTPs, improving adherence, and optimizing hypertension management. Integrating
pharmacists into multidisciplinary care teams is essential for enhancing patient outcomes and
minimizing medication-related problems

Persistent hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic condition that increases the risk of major vascular problems such neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Inhibition of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, especially α-glucosidase, has become an effective therapeutic method for controlling postprandial blood glucose. Despite the availability of synthetic α-glucosidase inhibitors like acarbose, their usage is frequently restricted due to gastrointestinal side effects, which has sparked interest in safer, plant-based substitutes. Although the leaves and seeds of the traditional West African medicinal plant Picralima nitida have been shown to have antidiabetic qualities, nothing is known about how its fruit extract affects α- glucosidase. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of aqueous Picralima nitida fruit extract on α-glucosidase activity in male Wistar rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin. Rats were given graded doses of the fruit extract after being acclimated to controlled laboratory conditions and grouped based on body weight. A colorimetric assay based on the hydrolysis of p- nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside was used to test serum α-glucosidase activity. The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically at 405 nm. Tukey's post hoc test and one-way ANOVA were used to examine the data, which were presented as mean ± SEM. The study's findings are still awaiting. It is anticipated that the study would shed light on whether Picralima nitida fruit extract inhibits α-glucosidase to produce antihyperglycemic effects. It may also help develop safer plant-based medicines for the treatment of diabetes.

The study was conducted to determine the effect of the extracts of selected sawdusts of Brachystegia nigerica and Bombax buonopozense, Greenwayodendron suaveolens seed powder, a combination of Brachystegia nigerica and Bombax buonopozense Sawdust, making up a mixed known sawdust, Mixture of unknown sawdust and PDA Control were used in the preparation of media for the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus tuberregium. The pure culture of Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus tuberregium were gotten from the African Center for Mushroom Research and Technology Innovation (ACMRTI), Uniben. The pure cultures were inoculated into the sterilised extracts of Brachystegia nigerica sawdust, Bombax buonopozense sawdust, Greenwayodendron suaveolens seed powder, and a mixture of known sawdust and unknown sawdust and PDA Control. After the first day of inoculation, mycelium growth of Ganoderma lucidium was highest for PDA (3.47±0.03) and the least was Mixed known sawdust (2.30±0.60). However, after five days of inoculation, mycelia extension of Ganoderma lucidium was highest for PDA (5.65±0.60) with a morphology of an appressed density, and the least mycelia extension was observed in mixed known sawdust extract (3.38±2.50) with a morphology of a wooly density. In Pleurotus tuberregium, it was also observed that after the first day of inoculation, mycelium growth was the highest for B. buonopozense sawdust extract (3.62±0.21), and the least was observed in mixed known sawdust extract (1.28±0.14). However, after five days of inoculation, mycelium extension for Pleurotus tuberregium was highest for B. buonopozense sawdust extract (7.3±0.78) with a morphology of a wooly density and mixed known sawdust was the least (2.15±0.62) with a morphology of a wooly density. These results revealed that Ganoderma lucidium and Pleurotus tuberregium can be grown on the various subtrates material tested. The study has also shown that local material tested can be used to cultivate mushrooms when synthetic media are not available. There is the need to further test for the substrate materials for the production of spawn and fruit bodies of these mushrooms for mass production.

The availability of educational resources in orphanage schools in Edo State's Egor Local Government Area is the subject of this study. Two research questions were provided to direct this investigation. The descriptive survey research design is the one used in this investigation. The "Availability and Utilization of Instructional Materials in Orphanage Home Schools" questionnaire was the tool utilized. The researcher distributed the questionnaires to the teachers and gathered the answers. Frequencies and
percentages were utilized to assess the gathered data. According to the survey, textbooks are the most common kind of instructional material used in orphanage home schools in the Egor local government region of Benin City, while models are the least common. It was also discovered that projectors, models, radios, tape recorders, and chalkboards are never utilized, but textbooks and marker boards are. The study suggests tactics to increase access to educational resources in orphanage home schools, including resource mobilization, teacher capacity building, and creative use of technology.