INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The study was carried out to Investigate the Impact Of Instructional Materials On Computer Education In Junior Secondary Schools In Egor Local Government Area, Edo State The population of this study consists of all junior secondary school students offering Computer Education in public junior secondary schools within Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The total student population is about 4,000 students, drawn from 20 public junior secondary schools in the area. These students form the main focus of the study because they are the direct beneficiaries of instructional materials used in teaching Computer Education and can provide valuable information on how these materials influence their understanding and academic performance. A total of 370 students were selected from the population of 4,000 junior secondary school students offering Computer Education in public junior secondary schools within Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula (1967) at a 5% level of precision, which provides a reliable representation of the entire population. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique to ensure fair representation of students from different schools and class levels (JSS1, JSS2, and JSS3). In the first stage, schools within Egor Local Government Area were grouped as strata, and from each stratum, a proportionate number of students were randomly selected to make up the total sample of 370 students. This method was chosen to avoid bias and to ensure that students from all participating schools had an equal chance of being included in the study. The following recommendations were made; School administrators and the Ministry of Education should sustain and further improve the provision of essential instructional materials, particularly audiovisual aids (projectors and display screens) and updated instructional software, to address areas where availability was relatively moderate. Policies should be strengthened to ensure uninterrupted access to computer laboratories and internet facilities, including extended opening hours and equitable scheduling to accommodate all classes and eliminate minor access disparities. Continuous professional development programs should be organized for computer education teachers to enhance their skills in integrating multimedia, software applications, and digital tools into lessons, thereby promoting optimal utilization of available resources.

This study examined the use of audio-visual materials in the teaching and learning of Business Education in public universities in Edo State. Six research questions were raised to guide the study. The study employed a descriptive survey research design. The sample size of the study was 100 Business Education students from public universities in Edo State. Given the small population size, the entire population was used as the sample size, hence, a census. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled "Use of Audio-Visual in Teaching and Learning of Business Education Questionnaire(UAVTLBEQ)." The questionnaire comprised sections A and B. The research instrument was validated by the researcher’s supervisor and two other experts in the Department of Vocational and Technical Education, University of Benin, Benin City. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was obtained using Cronbach's Alpha, and the instrument was administered to 20 Business Education students from Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, who were not part of the study population. A reliability coefficient of 0.88 was obtained, indicating the instrument was reliable. The data collected were analyzed using mean(x̅) and standard deviation (SD) with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS).The findings showed that the use of audio-visual materials enhances students' understanding of business concepts to a high extent, improves engagement in Business Education classrooms, and positively influences academic performance. However, challenges such as inadequate access to audio-visual resources, lack of technical support, and poor maintenance hinder their effective utilization. The study concluded that the integration of audio-visual materials plays a crucial role in improving the teaching and learning of Business Education. Based on the findings, the study recommended, among others, that the government and university administrators should ensure the availability and effective utilization of modern audio-visual tools to facilitate an improved teaching and learning experience in Business Education programs.

This study examines the extent of the use of instructional materials for effective teaching and learning of home economics in secondary schools in Edo State. This study adopted the Proportionate Sampling technique In order to achieve the purpose of this study, four research questions were raised. The sample for the study consists of one hundred (128) respondents which were selected using a stratified sampling technique. Data was collected with the aid of questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the instrument were ascertained using the exert judgment and test-retest procedures. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse collected data. Based on the findings of the study it was ascertained that Instructional resources has a great influence on home economics in secondary schools in Edo State. The study thus recommended that teachers should always try their best to make use of available instructional materials where necessary to make their lessons more interesting. Also the management should be ready to cooperate with teachers in the provision and improvisation of instructional materials for better instructional delivery in the school.

The availability of educational resources in orphanage schools in Edo State's Egor Local Government Area is the subject of this study. Two research questions were provided to direct this investigation. The descriptive survey research design is the one used in this investigation. The "Availability and Utilization of Instructional Materials in Orphanage Home Schools" questionnaire was the tool utilized. The researcher distributed the questionnaires to the teachers and gathered the answers. Frequencies and
percentages were utilized to assess the gathered data. According to the survey, textbooks are the most common kind of instructional material used in orphanage home schools in the Egor local government region of Benin City, while models are the least common. It was also discovered that projectors, models, radios, tape recorders, and chalkboards are never utilized, but textbooks and marker boards are. The study suggests tactics to increase access to educational resources in orphanage home schools, including resource mobilization, teacher capacity building, and creative use of technology.

This study was designed to determine the extent to which we can substitute our local cheap material resources to supplement the available teaching materials or equipment in the teaching of computer in junior secondary schools. This study was an attempt to carry out a survey on the improvisation of instructional materials for effective teaching and learning of computer in junior secondary schools in Benin metropolis. This is basically a descriptive study. Three (3) research questions were raised. The research design for the study was a survey design. A sample of twenty (20) computer teachers from four(4) private junior secondary schools and three(3) public junior secondary schools were randomly selected in Oredo local government area of Edo state. The instrument used for data collection was the structured questionnaire. The instrument was validated by two (2) lecturers of the faculty of Education and the project supervisor. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentage. The study revealed that computer teachers do not improvise instructional materials and also, that improvisation of teaching materials could enhance teaching methods in computer science. Based on the findings it was recommended that there should be seminars and workshop organized from time to time and should be made compulsory for computer science teachers to attend to teach them on the act and importance of improvisation. Besides the workload of computer science teachers should be reduced this would give the teachers more time for the collection and provision of computer instructional materials.

This Study evaluated the availability and use of instructional material for teaching biology in secondary school in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State, three (2) research questions served as it's guidelines, and it used a descriptive survey study design. It sought to find out What is the availability of instructional materials for teaching Biology in secondary schools? To what extent do Biology teachers in secondary schools use instructional materials in their teaching practices? What are the factors that influence the use of instructional materials by Biology teachers in secondary schools? The study employed the descriptive survey random design of Biology students in University of Benin, Edo State and a total of (100) respondents which were collected
from Biology students of Egor Local Government Area of Edo. The researcher developed a questionnaire. There are fifteen (15) questions on the Questionnaire. To analyze the data collected, descriptive statistics such as simple percentage and frequency were used. The study findings indicated that while instructional materials are available in many schools in Egor Local Government Area, the degree to which they are used effectively depends on several factors, including teacher training, motivation, and resource availability. The study suggests that in order to improve the use of instructional materials in teaching Biology, it is essential to address issues related to funding, teacher preparedness, and time management. Schools should be provided with the necessary resources, and teachers should be supported through professional development programs to enhance their ability to integrate instructional materials into their teaching practices, it is suggested that the government should make an effort to hire qualified teachers who can effectively teach students with the use of Instructional materials. The government and private Schools owners should provide adequate instructional materials in schools.