FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

This study the development of an information gathering system for a rapid socio-economic transformation in Nigeria. The objectives of study are to examine the role of information gathering in the rapid socio economic transformation in Nigeria and to identify the approaches to reliable information gathering for the purpose of socio economic development. The finding of the study reveals that the granting of loans by other government financial institutions to small scale agriculture is adequate. It was concluded that technical assistance provided by BOA to small scale industries is adequate to sustain their survival and that Bank of Agriculture has significant impact on agricultural development. the method used in carrying out this project in this section we presents the problems with the existing system with a view to proposing a new system, The architecture of the proposed system in terms of system model, flowcharts, class diagrams, use case diagram, database structure are presented and the network architecture for the system. Concern with the implementation and testing phase, which constitute the main part of the new software. The software and hardware information needed for the development of information gathering system for socio-economic transformation in Nigeria. Training of staff: Staffs that are to use the system are trained as required depending on the complexity of the system and the skill presently available. This programming meets or conforms to the requirements set out in the system specifications are designed and written by the programmers.

This study was aimed to examine suitability of Dangara middle layer clay as an adsorbent for the removal of vanadium ions. variable parameter such as adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time, pH and temperature were at moderate level such that they can affect the removal of vanadium ions. For pH, it was observed that the % removal was increases with an increasing in pH. The optimum % removal was obtained from 79.39 at pH 9, and the lower % removal was obtained at 70.50 from pH 3. For adsorbent dosage it was discover % removal increases with an increasing in adsorbent dosage, the optimum % removal was obtained 82.15 at 1g and the lower % removal was obtained from 69.28 at 0.2g. for initial concentration there an increases in percentage removal with an increasing in initial concentration the optimum percentage removal was obtained at 86.91 at 50g and lower percentage removal was obtained from 81.56 at 10g. for contact time it was discover there is increases in percentage removal with an increasing in contact time, the optimum percentage removal was obtained from 80.52 at 50mins And the lower percentage removal was obtained at 76.07 at 10mins also there is an increases in percentage removal with an increasing in temperature, optimum percentage removal was obtained at 80ᴼC (81.07) and lower percentage at 40ᴼC (78.67). The efficiency determination (r2) fitted for both langmuir and freundlich. For Langmuir isotherm it was discover that the efficiency determination (r2) obtained was 0.999 and efficiency determination for freundlich was 0.995 Maximum adsorption capacity calculated for Langmuir was 0.345mg/g why the freundlich constant obtained was o.457. The Langmuir model was found to better described the adsorption behavior. Overall, the clay is not considered competent enough as an adsorbent for the removal of vanadium ions from aqueous solution because of low adsorption capacity calculated to be 0.345mg/g. Modification of the surface of the clay could improve its adsorption capacity.

This study aimed to determine the levels of heavy metals in pumpkin, bitter, and water leaves to evaluate their potential health risks and nutritional quality. Samples of the three types of leaves were collected from different locations in Evidence ISIOHOR OVIA NORTH EAST LGA, Benin City, Edo state and subjected to heavy metal analysis using established analytical methods. The concentrations of heavy metals, including iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn), were determined and compared to international standards and guidelines. Results revealed varying levels of heavy metals in the leaves, with differences observed among the three types. Pumpkin leaves exhibited elevated levels of iron, manganese, and zinc, while bitter leaves showed higher concentrations of copper. Water leaves displayed relatively lower levels of heavy metals compared to the other two types. However, all three leaf types had concentrations of heavy metals below regulatory limits, except for lead in water leaves, which exceeded the permissible level. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring heavy metal levels in leafy greens, as they can serve as indicators of environmental contamination and potential health risks. While the concentrations of heavy metals in the studied leaves were generally within safe limits, the presence of elevated lead levels in water leaves suggests the need for further investigation and mitigation measures to ensure food safety. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the heavy metal content of pumpkin, bitter, and water leaves, contributing to efforts aimed at promoting food safety and nutritional quality. Continued monitoring and research in this area are essential to safeguarding public health and enhancing the sustainability of food production systems.

The Internet has simplified information services provided in this ICT era. One can easily acquire the required knowledge and information on a single click, thus, making information generation and dissemination timely. Regrettably, this may not be so for categories of individuals who seemed to have deviated from the original plan of the Internet for academics. This study examined the impact of internet on the student’s reading culture, the impact of internet on student’s academic achievement and the positive and negative impact of the internet on students’ reading academic performance. Convenient sampling technique with proportionate representation was used to determine sample size (100) students of selected secondary schools in Edo State. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection and this was supplemented with interview of key informants. Data was analyze using descriptive statistics which include measures of central tendency. Chi-square was use to compare observed data with data we would expect to obtain according to a specific hypothesis. The data collected was analyzed using statistical package for social scientist (SPSS). Results showed that majority of the respondents were of the opinion that internet usage is essential for educational development and that there is a significant relationship between internet usage and students reading culture. The study recommended that Management of secondary schools should organize seminars aimed at teaching the students the right use of the Internet to improve their reading culture, among other things.

In the digital era, the role of non-technical users in ensuring cybersecurity has become increasingly critical. This research project delves into the multifaceted domain of enhancing cybersecurity awareness among individuals without technical backgrounds. The primary objective is to conduct a comprehensive study that evaluates the current state of cybersecurity awareness among non-technical users and proposes effective strategies for improvement. The study will adopt a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, and behavioral observations to assess the existing level of cybersecurity awareness among the target demographic. Special attention will be given to understanding common misconceptions, areas of vulnerability, and the impact of individual behaviors on overall cybersecurity posture. Furthermore, the research will explore the efficacy of various educational interventions, including workshops, training modules, and awareness campaigns, in enhancing cybersecurity knowledge and practices among non-technical users. The project aims to identify the most effective methods for imparting cybersecurity concepts in an accessible and engaging manner. The anticipated outcome of this research is a set of evidence-based recommendations for organizations and educational institutions to design and implement tailored cybersecurity awareness programs. By bridging the gap between technical intricacies and everyday user experiences, this study seeks to contribute to a safer digital environment for all individuals, regardless of their technical expertise

This research focuses on the design and implementation of a wireless resistivity meter using discrete components. The system addresses the limitations of traditional wired resistivity meters by integrating a wireless transmitter and receiver for efficient data acquisition and portability. The transmitter processes sinusoidal and square wave signals from a signal generator and wirelessly transmits the data to the receiver for analysis. The wireless resistivity meter was evaluated through experimental tests to validate its accuracy, reliability, and operational range. Results demonstrate that the system effectively captures and transmits geophysical data with high precision, making it a significant advancement over conventional wired systems. Key features of the system include real-time data storage and export capabilities, compatibility with modern software tools like LabVIEW Signal Express, and robust performance across varying field conditions.

This project work conducts a study on graduation of mortality rate using difference equation. The study illustrated the use of difference equation with an example solved manually and with the use of SPSS statistical software. The study started by introducing graduation, smoothness, mortality rates and some measures of mortality. We also looked at the methods of graduation, types of graduation and their advantages and disadvantages. We also looked at the test of graduation, where we considered two test which are the sign test and the chi-square test. Furthermore, the study looked at the meaning of difference equation, and we saw a few examples of difference equation. Methods of solving difference equation were also looked into Finally, illustrations were used to show how graduation of mortality rates works and results showed how we can predict ones death by how old he/she lives using the provided datasets.

An integrated approach using seismic information was employed for subsurface mapping of SULU reservoir of the Niger Delta basin. The aim of this study was directed towards the generation of a subsurface map, determination of the subsurface structural features for hydrocarbon and prediction of prospecting of the reservoir. The methods employed include analysis of 3D seismic data using Petrel software: faults and horizon deductions from the seismic section were used to generate structural maps which revealed different structural styles present in the studied area and extraction of amplitude. A distinct horizon was mapped. From the horizon nine faults (with five been major) were mapped for the purpose of carrying 3D subsurface structural interpretation. These were used in generating the time structure maps using the Petrel Interpretational tool. The results show that the trapping mechanisms in the field are favourable for hydrocarbon accumulation. Two principal structural trapping mechanisms presents are the rollover anticline and the simple anticline. This study has demonstrated and appreciate the importance of seismic structural interpretation in generation of subsurface maps of reservoir, understanding the structural styles present, amplitude extraction for
prospect ranking.

This study investigates the relationships between economic growth, governmentexpenditure, and interest rates in Nigeria, employing various statistical methods. The research aims to provide actionable insights into the interactions betweenthesecrucial macroeconomic variables and their implications for policymaking. The theoretical foundation draws from Wagner's Law and the KeynesianFramework, which offer contrasting perspectives on whether governmentexpenditure is a cause or effect of economic growth. Using data fromtheCentralBank of Nigeria and the World Bank, the study employs the AugmentedDickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test to assess stationarity, the Granger causalitytest toexamine causal relationships, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressiontoanalyze the effects of interest rates and government expenditure onGrossDomestic Product (GDP). The findings confirm the applicability of Wagner's Law in the Nigeriancontext, indicating that economic growth granger-causes government spending. Furthermore, the analysis reveals a positive relationship between interest rates, government expenditure, and GDP, although the results are not statisticallysignificant. The study highlights the importance of interest rates as apolicyinstrument for influencing economic performance and attractingforeigninvestment. To enhance the statistical robustness of the analysis, the study incorporatestheAnalysis of Variance (ANOVA) table, demonstrating its effectivenessin xi evaluating and improving the performance of regression models. The researchculminates in actionable recommendations for policymakers, emphasizingtheneedfor strategic fiscal policies, careful interest rate management, andtargetedinvestments in sectors that foster economic growth. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the intricate dynamicsbetween economic growth, government expenditure, and interest rates inNigeria, providing valuable insights for policymakers and researchers alike.

This study explores the relationship between digital literacy and academic performance among tertiary education students. As education becomes increasingly digitised, students are epected to navigate online learning platforms, conduct digital research, collaborate virtually, and utilises various technological tools. However, disparities in digital literacy levels may affect students’ ability to engage effectively with academic materials, leading to variations in performance. This research investigates how digital literacy skills—such as information retrieval, digital communication, content creation, and problem-solving—correlate with students’ academic success. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires distributed to tertiary education students. Stratified random sampling was used to ensure diverse representation across different institutions, disciplines, and demographic groups. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression modelling to determine the extent to which digital literacy influences academic performance. Findings indicate a strong positive correlation between digital literacy and academic performance, with students possessing higher digital literacy skills achieving better grades and engaging more effectively in academic tasks. The study highlights key areas where digital literacy impacts learning, as well as challenges faced by students with lower digital proficiency. The results emphasise the need for educational institutions to integrate digital literacy training into their curricula, provide access to digital tools, and implement policies that bridge the digital divide. By fostering strong digital literacy skills, universities can enhance student engagement, improve learning outcomes, and better prepare graduates for an increasingly digital world. This study contributes to the growing body of research on digital education and offers practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and students to optimise the role of technology in academic success