NIL

This study examined the impact of social media on the academic performance of senior secondary school students in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised senior secondary school students in selected public secondary schools within the study area, from which a sample was drawn using an appropriate sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled Social Media and Academic Performance in Literature in English Questionnaire (SMAPLQ). The data collected were analyzed using
descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The findings revealed that social media has both positive and negative impacts on students’ academic performance. Positively, social media enhances
14 students’ access to educational information, boosts confidence, improves academic knowledge, promotes self-reliance, and helps reduce examination malpractice when used responsibly. However, the study also found negative effects such as
distraction from academic activities, poor time management, reduced concentration during study hours, and declining academic performance due to excessive and non-academic use of social media platforms. Based on the findings,
it was recommended that students should be guided on effective and responsible use of social media, parents and teachers should monitor students’ online activities, and schools should organize awareness programmes on the educational use of
social media to enhance students’ academic performance

Self-medication is a widespread public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where barriers to healthcare access persist. This study examined the prevalence, knowledge, patterns, and influencing factors of self-medication among artisans in Ovia North- East Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design wasNemployed, and data were collected from 212 artisans using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s correlation) at a 0.05 level of significance. The socio-demographic profile revealed that the respondents were predominantly young adults (34.0% aged 28–37 years), male (67.9%), and moderately educated, with secondary education constituting the highest proportion (41.5%). Findings on prevalence showed that 77.4% of respondents engaged in self-medication, with headaches (65.1%), malaria (57.5%), and body pain (53.8%) being the most common conditions treated. In terms of knowledge, while most respondents correctly defined self-medication (80.2%) and acknowledged its risks (90.1%), only 45.3% demonstrated awareness of drug side effects, resulting in a moderate mean knowledge score of 3.15 (SD = 1.12). The overall classification showed that 60.4% of respondents had good knowledge, while 39.6% had poor knowledge. Regarding patterns of practice, pain relievers (61.3%), antimalarials (51.9%), and antibiotics (46.2%) were the most commonly used drugs, with 66.0% of respondents adhering to full dosage. However, unsafe practices such as incomplete dosage and reliance on herbal drugs (35.4%) or informal drug sources (15.1%) were also reported. The mean pattern score was 3.73 (SD = 0.47), indicating a moderate balance between safe and unsafe practices. Factors influencing self- medication included easy access to drugs (72.6%), high cost of healthcare (67.9%), long waiting times at hospitals (60.4%), peer/family influence (40.6%), and prior experience with illness (56.6%). Hypothesis testing revealed significant relationships between knowledge and practice (r = 0.41, p = 0.001), socio-demographic factors and self-medication patterns (r = 0.312, p = 0.002), and accessibility to healthcare and frequency of practice (r = 0.46, p = 0.001). These results confirm that self-medication is influenced by a combination of knowledge, socio-economic factors, and systemic barriers. The study concludes that self-medication is highly prevalent among artisans and poses considerable health risks despite moderate knowledge levels. It highlights the need for targeted health education, regulation of drug accessibility, and improvement of healthcare affordability and efficiency to mitigate unsafe practices. The findings also have implications for nursing practice, particularly in community health education, preventive care, and patient advocacy

This study examined the impact of green accounting practices on the corporate sustainability and financial performance of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria between 2019 and 2024. The study specifically investigated the influence of environmental disclosure, environmental expenditure, and green investment on firm value, measured by market price per share, while controlling for firm size. Secondary twenty-one listed consumer goods firms and analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression models. The results revealed that environmental disclosure and environmental expenditure had positive but statistically insignificant effects on firm value, indicating that transparency and environmental spending have not yet translated into measurable financial gains within the Nigerian context. Conversely, green investment exhibited a positive and statistically significant relationship with firm value, suggesting that firms that invest in renewable energy, waste management, and energy-efficient technologies experience higher market valuations. Firm size also showed a significant positive influence on firm value, implying that larger firms are better equipped to adopt and benefit from sustainability practices. The study concludes that while environmental disclosure and expenditure are important for compliance and legitimacy, green investment remains the most effective driver of firm value and corporate sustainability. It recommends that firms should prioritise green investment initiatives, improve the quality of sustainability disclosures, and view environmental expenditure as a long-term strategicinvestment. Policymakers are urged to strengthen reporting frameworks and create incentives that promote transparent green accounting practices

This study examined the effect of automation technologies on auditing practices in Nigerian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, it investigated the impact of Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Robotic Process Automation, Cloud-Based Accounting Systems, and Blockchain Technology on audit efficiency, accuracy, and reliability. A structured questionnaire was administered to accounting and auditing professionals, and 360 valid responses were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that all five automation technologies had significant positive effects on auditing practices, indicating that the adoption of these tools enhances audit quality, reduces human error, and improves compliance with auditing standards. The study concludes that automation technologies are reshaping the auditing landscape, enabling auditors to focus on higher-value analytical tasks. It recommends that SMEs in Nigeria invest in digital audit tools and capacity-building initiatives to strengthen audit processes and maintain competitive advantage in a technologydriven environment.

This study explores the extent to which AI-driven tools such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics enhance auditors’ ability to detect anomalies, assess risks, and provide deeper insights into financial statements. AI’s capacity to process vast datasets in real time reduces human error, strengthens fraud detection, and enables auditors to focus on judgment-intensive tasks, thereby improving audit quality. Moreover, automation of repetitive audit procedures accelerates workflow, minimizes costs, and enhances overall efficiency. However, the adoption of AI also raises concerns about data security, auditor independence, ethical implications, and the need for continuous skill development. This paper argues that while AI does not replace professional skepticism and human judgment, it serves as a powerful enabler that reshapes auditing practices toward greater reliability, transparency, and efficiency. The findings contribute to ongoing debates on the future of auditing and provide practical insights for regulators, practitioners, and stakeholders.

This study explores the extent to which AI-driven tools such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics enhance auditors’ ability to detect anomalies, assess risks, and provide deeper insights into financial statements. AI’s capacity to process vast datasets in real time reduces human error, strengthens fraud detection, and enables auditors to focus on judgment-intensive tasks, thereby improving audit quality. Moreover, automation of repetitive audit procedures accelerates workflow, minimizes costs, and enhances overall efficiency. However, the adoption of AI also raises concerns about data security, auditor independence, ethical implications, and the need for continuous skill development. This paper argues that while AI does not replace professional skepticism and human judgment, it serves as a powerful enabler that reshapes auditing practices toward greater reliability, transparency, and efficiency. The findings contribute to ongoing debates on the future of auditing and provide practical insights for regulators, practitioners, and stakeholders.

Rauvolfia vomitoria is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional African medicine for the management of hypertension, mental disorders, and various other ailments. However, the safety profile of its leaf extracts, which are commonly used, remains inadequately scientifically validated. This study was designed to investigate the acute toxicity of the methanol leaf extract of R. Vomitoria in mice. Fresh leaves were collected, authenticated, air-dried, and macerated in 70% methanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive constituents. The acute oral toxicity study was carried out according to the OECD Guideline 425 (Up-and-Down Procedure). Twenty adult albino mice were used and administered single oral doses of the extract ranging from 10 mg/kg to 5000 mg/kg. The mice were observed for behavioural changes and mortality over 24 hours, followed by a 14-day monitoring period. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins. In the acute toxicity test, no mortality was recorded at any of the administered doses, including the limit test dose of 5000 mg/kg. Observed behavioural effects such as scratching, restlessness, and sedation were mild and transient. The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the methanol leaf extract was therefore determined to be greater than 5000 mg/kg. The findings indicate that the methanol leaf extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria is practically non-toxic following acute oral administration in mice. This high safety margin provides a scientific basis for the relative safety of its traditional use and supports further investigation into its pharmacological potential. It is recommended that sub-chronic and chronic toxicity studies be conducted to fully elucidate its long-term safety profile.

This research focuses on the redesigning of traditional Agbada garment into modern clothing ,suitable for contemporary use . The African Agbada is an important cultural garment that represents the identity and heritage of the west African society . In which mostly this style is usually vominionus in size and structure . Which is used in
attendance of a ceremony or occasion. The study examined how the key features such as it's patterns, style and structure can be adopted into modern fashion designs while retaining it's cultural value. Whereby through the used of pattern making and garment a new designs developed and produced. The results of this research shows that traditional Agbada elements can be successful transformed into stylish, comfortable functional contemporary outfits while preserving it's cultural identity through modern fashion invention.

In some advanced countries, property tax is seen as a major source of revenue, this is not the case in Nigeria. The main aim of this study was to examine the willingness of property owners to pay property tax in Benin City. Specific objectives were to ascertain the level of awareness of property tax by residents; determine the percentage of property owners that pay property tax; determine the correlation between respondents’ awareness of property tax and their compliance; and ascertain the significance of the relationship between public governance quality and property tax compliance. The hypothesis was also proposed namely: property tax payers’ compliance has no significant relationship with laws made by the government that is seen to provide citizens with basic amenities. A combination of stratified sampling technique and simple random sampling technique was used to administer questionnaires to 400 respondents in Benin City. Simple percentage, Likert’s scale analysis, Pearson Product Correlation technique, and chi-square test were deployed in data analyses and interpretation. The result showed that majority of the sampled respondents 56% were male while 44% were female while majority of the respondents 220 (55%) were also married. It was also found that majority of respondents (80%) were aware of the existence of property tax and just 55% of them had paid. The study also showed that there is a moderately positive relation between property tax compliance and property tax awareness, with a correlation coefficient of 0.58. At 95% level of confidence, it was established that there is significant relationship between government transparency and property tax compliance. Also that public governance quality in general promotes willingness to comply
with property tax by property owners. It was recommended that government must provide public services such as security, good roads that satisfy the expectations of the property owners; that the government should engage in enlightenment campaigns concerning what property tax is; and that the government should be transparent about how revenue acquired through property tax is spent as this would motivate and cause the property owners to be willing to pay property tax.

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has garnered considerable focus on the antibacterial attributes of natural compounds in recent years. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract against several enteric bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. A phytochemical analysis of the Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract was conducted to identify and quantify bioactive compounds that may contribute to its antibacterial properties.This analysis identified secondary metabolites, such as tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids,recognised for their antimicrobial properties. These compounds likely contribute significantly to the antibacterial effects observed in the hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extract. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficacy was assessed utilising recognised microbiological methodologies, including minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC),against a selection of enteric bacterial isolates. The results demonstrated a significant antibacterial effect linked to Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extracts. Their inhibition of bacterial growth was dose-dependent, with ethanolic extracts demonstrating significantly greater efficacy than aqueous extracts