2021

This research work is centered on factors influencing mass failure of students in Chemistry examinations in Ovia north east LGA. It also investigated student's attitude towards Chemistry and if the use of available resources influence student's achievement in Chemistry. In the investigation three research questions were raised. This research adopted a survey research design. The population of this study include two thousand seven hundred and twenty (2720) senior secondary school students in Ovia north east. The sample size of the research was eighty three (83) students who tookpart in the study. The research instrument was a self-constructed questionnaire. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach's Alpha, the reliability coefficient value was 0.80. The findings of the research revealed that the factors that contribute to the persistent poor performance of student in Chemistry in Ovia north east are due to the use of only one method of teaching, teaching without aids, parents negligence in showing interest in students school work and poor attitude towards Chemistry. Based on the findings, the following recommendation among others were made. Parents should provide the necessary motivation and assistance to their children in other to change their attitude towards learning of Chemistry. Teachers should not hold onto only one method of teaching that suit the prevailing situation and topics to be taught.

The study investigated the Factors influencing women’s participation in literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The questions bothered on extent at which social factors influence women participation in adult literacy programme, extent at which Economic factors influence women participa tion in adult literacy programme, extent at which Psychological factors influence women participation in adult literacy programme and the factors militating against effective women’s participation in adult literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. A descriptive research design was employed in carrying out the study. The population of the study consist of all registered adults female learners in adult literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. The estimated population was 122 (Fieldwork, 2021). An instrument titled “Factors influencing women’s participation in literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State” was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics like simple percentage and frequency count. The findings revealed that there are various social factors influence women participation in adult literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. Also, it revealed there are various factors militating against effective women’s participation in adult literacy programme in Oredo Local Government Area of EdoState. Based on the study it was concluded that the greatest education factors motivating women’s participation in literacy programme are obtaining certificate for a better job, becoming literate, and improvement on communicative skills. In line with the findings, the following recommendations were made: Enlightenment campaign on the importance of women education should be encouraged. Also, Gender discrimination should be discharge so that women can contribute in the development of the community and the nation at large

The aim of this study was examine the impact of Covid-19 on small and medium scale enterprise in Edo State. Four research questions were raised to guide this study. What extent does the COVID-19 pandemic impact SMEs in Edo state? To what extent has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted patronage of small and medium scale enterprise (SMEs) in Edo State? To what extent has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the availability of workers in small and medium scale enterprise (SMEs) in Edo State? To what level has the
COVID-19 pandemic impacted the sales of goods of small and medium
scale enterprise (SMEs) in Edo state?
A descriptive survey research was employed for this study. The population of the study consist of all the small and medium scale enterprise in Egor local government area of Edo State. A sample of 100 employees were randomly selected from 20 different business enterprise from the population. Questionnaire was the instrument used to elicit information from the respondents. The data collected was analysed using simple percentages. In order to ascertain the reliability of the instrument, it was administered to
hundred (100) employees selected from similar status as those in those used in the study however after the administration of the 100 questionnaire the data collected was analysed. From the findings of this study it was seen that the Covid-19 pandemic
impacted on small and medium scale enterprise (SMEs) in Edo State leading to loss of job to some workers. It was also seen that the Covid-19 pandemic impacted patronage of small and medium scale enterprise in Edo State. Also the Covid-19 pandemic impacted the sales of goods which led to a fall in revenue and resulted in a low profit ratio. So the recommendation includes, the government should invest more into small and medium scale business to ensure their survival during difficult times. Also the small and medium scale enterprise owners should identify and focus on their most valuable products and services and eliminate everything else.

The development of children and youth is an integral concern for the future of any society, and street hawking especially by girls has been a common thing in most parts of developing world. It is a common phenomenon in Nigeria today which appear to be prevalent in the urban areas. Hawking is a form of trade in which the seller carries goods from one place to another in search of prospective buyers. Child-Street hawking refers to the selling of goods carried out by a person below the age of eighteen (child-street hawker). According to Anyanwu, 2017), Street hawking refers to a wandering like movement in which an individual carries his or her goods with a tray on the head or by means of transportation such as wheel barrow, bicycle or trolley in search of customers. This is usually accompanied by at least one form of advertisement - shouting the name of the item on sale, using bell or special mannerism to attract the attention or interest of the
public. It is a trading activity characterized by movement across street in residential
areas in which the hawker aims at selling his goods to any interested buyer. Ezenwa
(2011) opines that an adolescent street hawker is a person under the age of 15 years
who hawks goods and renders services on the commercial road or street.

This research study aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance and effective tax planning in FMCG in Nigeria. The research study adopted, collates data through secondary source which is the use of 5-year financial reports summary of selected Fast Moving Consumer Goods firms listed in Nigeria Stock Exchange Market. The study also discussed literatures reviewed by researchers on the concept of effective tax planning, strategies of effective tax planning, concept of corporate governance, concept of corporate governance practices and structure of corporate governance. The study propounded theories that support the study on agency theory, Tables, frequencies and percentages are used to analyse and present data. The study found out that there is no significant relationship between director’s holding and tax planning, board independence have a positive relationship with tax planning, audit committee financial expertise of the firm do not affect tax planning and firm performance have a positive and an insignificant relationship with tax planning. The study recommends that corporate tax behavior should be regulated by the government through the tax rules and corporate governance rules. Relevant tax authorities in Nigeria should always investigate the intention of tax payers before considering whether tax liability will be reduced below normal. As a result of this intention or anticipation of reducing tax burden, the use of independent board members will have an influence on how the corporation performs

This study analyses the interrelationships between fiscal deficit, domestic debt and economic growth in Nigeria. Using data between the period of 1981-2019. This study employed the use of Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Co Integration test, Vector Error Correction (VEC) Lag Exclusion Wald Tests, Vector Error Correction (VECM) technique and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD) analysis. The study utilized fiscal deficit, domestic debt, foreign debt and tax revenue as the independent variable used for the study. The findings proved that there is a negative and significant relationship between fiscal deficit and economic growth in Nigeria. It also revealed that budget deficit, foreign debt and tax revenue have significant impact on growth while domestic debt has an insignificant impact. The study recommends that for a desired level of growth to be accomplished in the country, the issue of budgeting, debt and taxation in Nigeria must be critically addressed with a view to optimizing economic
welfare.

This study investigated factors influencing undergraduate nursing students perception of their clinical learning environment (CLE). The study assessed the knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards CLE and factors influencing students’ attitude of CLE. The population of the study comprised of three hundred and sixteen (316) students in the department of Nursing Science. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. A representative sample of 195 respondents were selected through simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The reliability of the instrument was established to be 0.79. Analysis of data was carried out using frequency count, simple percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results showed that students had positive attitude (mean score of 3.20) and high knowledge (67.2%) of their CLE. Effective supervision and assessment, active participation during ward rounds, integration of theory into practice, lack of self-confidence, communication between nursing staff and students and intellectual abilities of students were identified as factors that influence students’ utilization of CLE. However, receptiveness of nursing staffs in the ward and difficulties in orientation for clinical teaching were observed not to significantly influence students’ attitude of CLE. Furthermore, it was indicated that there exists a significant relationship between attitude of nursing students towards their CLE and students’ level of study at 0.05 level of significance. The study therefore concluded that the CLE is an important avenue for students to develop their professional skills and at such must show commitment. It was recommended that clinical instructors must sustain effective supervision and assessment of nursing students on clinical placement, nursing students should ensure they develop a strong commitment towards learning in the clinical environment by asking questions about procedures not clearly understood and curriculum planners in nursing science should ensure that instructions in clinical learning are constantly improved upon

This study examined the impact of government size on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1981-2019. The main objective of this research work is to examine the impact of government size on economic growth in Nigeria. The study used Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) to examine the relationship between government size and economic growth in Nigeria. The study found that the level of total government
expenditure is positively and significantly related to the Real GDP and exchange rate is negatively related to the Real GDP and gross fixed capital form ation is negatively related to the Real GDP and inflation is also negatively related to the Real GDP. The study therefore recommends that conscious efforts should be taken by the government to increase budgetary allocation to productive sectors of the economy for public spending which a key factor that contributes greatly to economic growth and development. It is essential for financing infrastructure, including roads, electricity, and water. Also, excessive increase in governmentexpenditure has to be checked. Government needs to make sure that increment in government expenditure does not hurt the economy, particularly the welfare of people within the country

This study is aimed at determining the Caffeine content in two varieties of kolanuts,cola acuminata (red kola)and cola nitida(white kola). The Samples were obtained from New Benin market,Edo state. The extraction of Caffeine was done using solvent extraction method and infra-red spectroscopy was used to detect the functional groups present in the Caffeine isolated. The percentage yield for the cola nitida was 0.04% while that of cola acuminata was 0.06%. the I.R band observed at 1646.24cm-1 (C=C) stretch of Alkene, 1700.93cm-1 (C=O) stretch of amide and 3437.36cm-1 (N-H) stretch of amine among others for the cola nitida (white kolanuts) and 1647.25cm-1 (C=C) stretch of
alkenes,1700.54(C=0) stretch of amide and 3442.11cm-1 (N-H) stretch of amine among others for the Cola Acuminata (red kolanuts). The values of these bands suggest the presence of amine groups which confirms the presence of alkaloids (Caffeine). From this research, the caffeine content for the Samples was determined and found that the red kolanuts (cola acuminata) contains more caffeine compared to the white kolanuts (cola nitida).

The experiment was conducted to determine the yield, physical and chemical composition of leaf protein concentrates and bagasse obtained from oil palm leaf using three different processing methods. The process of extraction were heat coagulation, acid coagulation, and alum precipitation methods. The leaf protein concentrates and bagasse
obtained were further analysed for their chemical and mineral compositions. The yield of LPC and bagasse obtained from acid coagulation, alum precipitation, and heat precipitation were comparable. But, the yield of OLPC was not significantly (p>0.05) different in the acid and alum processing methods, but was significantly (p<0.05) different for the heat processing method. Result, from the chemical analysis shows that the CP and EE of acid coagulation method were significantly (p<0.05) different from alum and heat processing methods. At the same time, the MC and NFE of OLPC for heat were significantly (p<0.05) different from alum precipitation method and acid coagulation method. From the results obtained from this study, Oil palm leaf protein concentrates obtained using heat coagulation, acid coagulation and alum precipitation methods were comparable but heat coagulation would be preferable as a result of its high Ca (633.0), Cu (15.67), Mn (66.83), Zn (108.77), Na (3.46), Mg (501.63), P (417.67), Fe (154.30)
and Cl (1.307) values.