FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

This study investigates the impact of non-oil exports on economic growth in Nigeria between 1995 and 2024. Using annual time series data and econometric techniques such as the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Johansen cointegration test, and the Error Correction Model (ECM), the study examines both short-run and long-run dynamics among key variables including non-oil exports (NOX), real gross domestic product (RGDP), foreign exchange earnings (FX), employment (EMP), inflation (INF), and exchange rate (EXR). The cointegration results confirm the existence of long-run relationships among the variables. Findings from the ECM indicate that non-oil exports have a positive but statistically insignificant effect on economic growth and employment, while they significantly enhance foreign exchange earnings. Exchange rate fluctuations exhibit a significant negative effect on RGDP but a positive effect on employment in the short run, whereas inflation remains insignificant across models. The results suggest that although non-oil exports contribute meaningfully to foreign exchange generation, their potential to stimulate broad-based economic growth and job creation has not been fully realized. The study recommends policies that promote export diversification, value addition, exchange rate stability, infrastructure development, and employment-oriented industrialization to strengthen the link between non-oil exports and sustainable economic growth in Nigeria

The failure of government programmes for the control of crime informed private citizens playing a variety of roles that is making a decisive difference in the prevention, detection and prosecution of crime around the world. Private Citizens represent an underutilized source of assistance in crime control and social decay management. While law abiding citizens are willing and potentially capable of assisting the police, they lack direction and experience. However, with proper supervision and guidance by the police, citizens can contribute to reduction of crime and betterment of society. This study therefore aimed to ascertain the effect of community policing on crime prevention in Nigeria. The followings were the objectives of the study: to identify the prevalence of community policing on crime reduction in Nigeria, to determine the factors that affect community policing in Nigeria and to inquire the efforts taken by the government to ensure better community policing in Nigeria.

Fuel scarcity is a persistent challenge in many developing countries, affecting various sectors of the economy, including public service institutions. This study examines the impact of fuel scarcity on public service performance in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), a critical healthcare institution in Nigeria. Fuel scarcity disrupts the hospital's operations by hindering the availability of electricity and essential services, such as emergency care and medical equipment operation. This research employed a mixed method approach, combining surveys, interviews, and document analysis to investigate the multifaceted consequences of fuel scarcity on UBTH's service delivery.
The findings reveal that fuel scarcity has profound effects on UBTH's public service performance. It leads to frequent power outages, affecting medical equipment, patient care, and overall hospital functioning. Additionally, the reliance on generators during fuel shortages incurs high operational costs, diverting resources from patient care and hospital maintenance. The study also explores the coping mechanisms adopted by UBTH to mitigate the impact of fuel scarcity, including resource allocation strategies and alternative energy sources. Findings also revealed that fuel scarcity leads to power outages, delays in patient care, reduced staff productivity, and increased operational costs.
The study further highlights the hospital's dependence on fuel for generators and ambulance services, making it vulnerable during periods of scarcity. It conclude that fuel scarcity significantly hampers healthcare service delivery and public service performance. The study recommended among other thing the investment in alternative energy sources, improved fuel management policies, and infrastructural upgrades to mitigate the adverse effects of fuel shortages in UBTH public service performance.

This study examines efficient management in public organizations, focusing on Egor Local Government Area as a case study. The research investigates the extent to which management practices influence organizational effectiveness, service delivery, and resource utilization in the local government system. A descriptive research design was adopted, and data were collected from staff and administrators through structured questionnaires and interviews. The study analyzed key management variables such as leadership style, accountability, communication, and decision-making processes.
Findings revealed that inefficient management practices, including poor accountability, inadequate supervision, and weak communication systems, significantly hinder organizational performance. However, the study also found that the adoption of transparent administrative procedures, staff training, and effective leadership strategies can enhance productivity and service delivery in public organizations.
The study concludes that efficient management is crucial for improving the performance of public sector institutions. It recommends the implementation of capacity-building programs, strengthening of accountability mechanisms, and adoption of modern management techniques to ensure effective governance and improved public service delivery within local government areas

This study investigated government policy on youths employment in Nigeria, taking an appraisal of President Buhari’s administration from 2015-2022. In order to achieve the aim and objectives of the study five research questions and one hypothesis were formulated. The study used descriptive survey method. The sample size for the study was determined using the Taro Yamane formula. A total of 204 workers were drawn using purposive sampling technique from the target population of 520 workers in the ministries of works, labor and productivity, youth development as well as N-Power employees, in Edo State. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, grand mean, frequencies and percentages. The results revealed that youth employment and empowerment plays significant role on national development in Nigeria. Further results
showed that the problems that militate against the youth employment include poor implementation of existing policies and programmed, lack of efficient policies on youth employment, lack of social infrastructures make rural life unattractive, rural urban migration, concentration of social amenities in the urban centers, lack of employable skills and experience among youths, uncontrollable population growth, and corruption among others. The study affirmed that to a very high extent the current government policies have failed to help in solving the problems of youth employment in Nigeria. The study concluded that ineffectiveness of government policies to create jobs and find solutions to the unemployment has contributed to the static nature of the socio-economic development in Nigeria. The study implies that youth employment in Nigeria is essential for the rural and national development, as well as a key component in manpower development in Nigeria. Hence, adequate funding and commitment from both the Government, labor leaders, and policy makers will go a long way to help to promote youth employment and national development. Finally, the study recommended that government should fully implement the existing policies especially the national employment policy, also the government should provide social infrastructures in rural areas invest in human capital development and involve youths in the decision making process

This study looks at how well social media works in Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria, to improve public perception of the social work profession. The study uses quota sampling and a descriptive research approach to examine the interaction and content on social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. The study finds important themes and attitudes that shape public opinion through questionnaires. The results show that social media used strategically greatly improves community comprehension and appreciation of social work services. The study comes to the conclusion that social media may be a powerful tool for social advocacy and education when used wisely, which will make the workplace a more encouraging place for social workers.

The study examines the effect of strike action as a tool for enforcing collective bargaining on effective health care service delivery. The majority of strike actions are initiated in response complaints from employees, and the number of industrial actions has skyrocketed in Nigeria. Nigeria health care sector has been rocked by strikes. Health care workers across the country have engaged in or threatened various forms of strike action. In all cases the health care systems have been thrown into turmoil. To provide focus for the study, research questions and hypothesis were formulated. Data collected through the use of questionnaire was analyzed using Chi-square statistical technique. According to the analysis, poor pay, refusal to participate in salary reviews, and nonpayment of accrued salaries are the primary causes of strikes among health care workers. The major findings, amongst others, include that strike action carried out by health workers hinder effective health care service delivery as man power is limited and there is increase mortality rate. Based on its findings, the study suggested some recommendations, amongst which include that the government or employers should endeavor to meet a reasonable percentage of health workers demand in order to avert industrial action by health workers, government or employers should always resort to collective bargain with health workers whenever their demands are made to avoid strike

Following the global financial collapse more than a decade ago, of both public and commercial
sectors implemented external and internal changes to make certain that it did not happen again. It
is unclear whether these measures were successful. Nevertheless, there were some commonmessages with regard to socio-cultural factors that many companies integrated into their ethicsand compliance programs in light of the 2008 collapse (Sandford &Darcy, 2018). Organisational values, a set of defined ideals, stresses the organization's dedicationtocompliance with laws and regulations honesty, and corporate ethics, among other things. Toincrease performance, all businesses require efficient administration and the use of all availableresources. Globalization and the ongoing social, political and economic upheaval requirethecorporate sector to experiment by searching for innovation in the organization andworkmanagement, with the objective of attaining greater productivity, profitability and improvingcompetitiveness (Jurado-Caraballo & Rodríguez-Fernande, 2021)

This study (Examination of The Low Participation of Female Students in University Politics) examines the factors influencing the low participation of female undergraduates in university politics at the University of Benin (UNIBEN), Nigeria. Despite increased female enrollment in higher education, a significant gender disparity persists in student union governments and campus leadership roles. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 150 female undergraduate students selected through proportionate stratified sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings reveal a significant gap between political awareness (76%) and active participation (26.7%). Key barriers identified include entrenched patriarchal norms, with 62% of respondents agreeing that leadership is perceived as a male domain; institutional inadequacies, such as a lack of gender-sensitive policies (50% agreement) and insufficient support from school authorities (62% agreement); and a critical deficit in mentorship and leadership training, with 64% noting its inadequacy despite 86% affirming its importance.
The study concludes that the underrepresentation of female students is not due to a lack of capability or interest but is primarily a result of structural and cultural exclusion. It recommends a multi-faceted approach, including the establishment of formal mentorship programs, the implementation of gender-balance policies in student governance, the provision of financial support for female candidates, and campus-wide awareness campaigns to challenge gender stereotypes. These measures are essential for fostering an inclusive political environment that empowers female students and contributes to democratic deepening in Nigeria.

This study examined student perception of Japa syndrome among Nigerians in Ovia North East ,Benin City, Edo State.The study
adopted the survey research methodology, using questionnaires instrument of data collection. The data was analyzed using percentage analysis. The study concludes there is high level of awareness of the Japa phenomenon among students in University of Benin. The findings show thatstudentsperceiveeconomichardship,insecurity,politicalinstability, and lack of access to quality education and health care as the primary causes of the Japa Syndrome.The study revealed that students identified severalpositiveeffectsofJapa,includingimprovedcareeropportunities, access to better education ,and enhanced living standards abroad.The study concluded that media and peer influence play a significant role in
shaping students’views on Japa Syndrome.