Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common among sedentary office workers. This study examined the correlation between physical activity levels and MSDs among nonacademic staff in the school of Basic Medical Sciences, UNIBEN.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving non-academic staff from the Departments of Physiotherapy, Radiography, Nursing, and Medical Laboratory Science at UNIBEN. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire comprising the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-Short Form). Chi-square tests assessed the associations between physical activity
levels and the prevalence of MSDs.
Results: A cross-sectional study involving 25 non-academic staff members at UNIBEN examined the relationship between physical activity and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The majority of participants were female (16, 64%), with ages ranging from 30 to 59 years (mean: 43.36 ± 8.06). All participants reported experiencing musculoskeletal pain in various body regions, with neck pain being the most prevalent. Specifically, 18 respondents reported neck pain in the 12-month prevalence (72%), and 15 reported it in the 7-day prevalence (60%). While 52% (13) of participants had high physical activity levels, no significant relationship was found between physical activity levels and 12-month MSD prevalence. However, higher physical activity levels were associated with an increased 7-day prevalence of upper back pain (X²=6.851, p=0.033). Job
roles were not linked to 12-month MSD prevalence, but shoulder and hip pain showed significant associations with specific job roles over the past 7 days.
Conclusion: This study found a high MSD prevalence, with neck pain being the most common.
Physical activity was not related to long-term MSDs but correlated with upper back pain. Job roles were associated with shoulder and hip pain, highlighting the impact of ergonomic design.
Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), physical activity, sedentary behavior, university
of Benin.

ABSTRACT
This research aims at exploring the changes on the traditional craft industries as well as the roles of traditional craft industries in the socio-economic development in Benin City. Data were collected through a purposive non probability sampling and a total of 50 research assisted questionnaire of 19 questions each were administered. Data collected were analyzed using table, simple percentage and chi-square statistical analysis for testing the two hypotheses. The result shows that there is a decline in interest to traditional craft industries involvement and patronage to craft works. The study recommends that the government at all level should involve in traditional craft industry in Benin City to enhance their productivity.

This study was carried out to identify the influences of social media on the academic achievement of students in University of Benin.. The research was carried out as a survey research using relevant literature from journals, magazines, books and the internet. Four research questions were raised and analyzed for the purpose of the study. A random sampling technique was used in selection of 50 chemistry students were randomly selected from the Faculty of physical science and Faculty of Education in the University of Benin. The data were collected with questionnaire instrument and analyzed using simple percentage. The result revealed that; the level of student addictiveness to social networks is relatively high and it affects their academic Achievement, whatsApp and Twitter are predominantly used by students and it helps them to disseminate information across, engaging in academic forums on Whatsapp and telegram reduces their rate of understanding, Social media addictions distract students from academic activities because the use of social media can be very addictive, female students make use of social media more, and they are more likely to get addicted to social media. Based on the results, it was recommended that, students should be educated on the influence of Social media on their academic performance, students should better manage their study time in and prevent distractions that can be provided by social media. There should be a decrease in the number of time spent by students when surfing the net, teachers should ensure they use social media as a tool to improve the academic performance of students in schools, the students should create a balance between chit-chatting and academic activities. More attention should be directed to research, the use of Social media networks by students should focus on the academic relevance of those sites instead of using them for negative purposes.

Despite the available body of research on the impact of socio-cultural variables on marital stability in Nigeria, there remains a need for further investigation, particularly in Benin, Edo state. Understanding comprehensively, the impact of socio-cultural variables on marital stability is therefore essential for promoting individual and familial well-being, and for identifying areas for intervention and support that can help to strengthen marital unions. Educationally,to some men it is very important that their wife should be less educated than themselves ifthey are going to achieve marital stability. These men feel threatened in their marital leadership role of their wives are better educated and this could lead to conflict in the home and also create confusion between couples.

This study examined the relationship financial system development and economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 1980 - 2022. The study’s objective is to determine the relationship between private sector credit and economic growth, ascertain the relationship between liquid liabilities ratio and economic growth in Nigeria, examine the relationship between market capitalization and economic growth in Nigeria, examine the relationship between turnover ratio and economic growth in Nigeria and examine the relationship between value of traded shares and economic growth in Nigeria. The ex-post facto research design was employed in this study, the ADF test for stationarity of was taken at difference and first levels, cointegration and ECM short run and Long run analysis was taken. The analysis of the data revealed that liquid liabilities ratio has a long run relationship with economic growth in Nigeria, private sector credit has a strong positive factor that drives economic growth in Nigeria in both the short and long run respectively. market capitalization has a positive significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria in the short and long run respectively, turnover ratio has a strong long run relationship with economic growth in Nigeria, values of shares traded has no long run relationship with economic growth in Nigeria. Also, turnover ratio (TRG) and market capitalization (MCG) are the most significant financial development measures which influences economic growth in the long run gauged from their respective t – ratios. The study recommended that that the ongoing reforms in the banking system and capital market should be intensified so as to boost the development of these segments of the financial system and by that increase their role in economic growth. Also the regulation and supervision of the financial system should be strengthened as it plays a great role in determining both its stability and the extent of the services provided

This project aims to develop an innovative voice-activated switching system that enhances
home automation by enabling hands-free control of electrical appliances. Utilizing speech
recognition technology and the Arduino Uno microcontroller, the system provides users with
a seamless and accessible method of operating household devices through voice commands.
The project is built around an Arduino Uno interfaced with a Speech Recognition Module
Easy VR3 plus, a relay module, and a 5V converter module, all housed within a protective
enclosure. The Speech Recognition Module captures and processes voice commands, which
are then interpreted by the Arduino Uno. Based on the received command, the Arduino
activates the relay module, which switches the connected electrical appliances on or off. The
system is powered by a 12V dc battery, regulated to 5V using an L298D motor driver to
ensure stable operation.
The developed voice-activated switching system successfully demonstrated the capability to
recognize and execute voice commands efficiently. The Speech Recognition Module
accurately processed user input, and the Arduino Uno effectively translated the recognized
commands into control signals for the relay module. The system exhibited high response
accuracy in quiet environments and maintained reliable performance under various
conditions. Ultimately, this project achieved its goal of creating an affordable, user-friendly,
and accessible voice-controlled home automation solution.

Over the years there’ve been need to transition from fossil fuel into cleaner forms of energy as a result of the detrimental effect the burning of fossil fuel has on the environment. The storage related issues of hydrogen are some of the challenges limiting its exploration as a cleaner energy source. Specifically, compressed form of hydrogen storage which is the most adopted method of storing hydrogen faces various challenges such as the hydrogen embrittlement of steel and loses of structural integrity over the course of usage.
This study is aimed at addressing this issue by exploring two configurations and comparing them to the conventional all alloy steel configuration. The two configurations (HDPE, Carbon fiber configuration(H-C) and carbon fiber, HDPE, carbon fiber configuration (C-H-C)) were investigated for performances characteristics at various pressure levels and compared to the all-alloy steel configuration. At a pressure of 15Mpa, the H-c configuration had a stress value of 7.89E+07N/mm while the C-H-C configurations had a stress value of 1.05E+08N/mm. various parameters including stress, displacement, strain, and factor of safety for the two configurations were investigated and compared to the all-alloy steel configuration. The two configurations should good performance for various pressure values. However, the carbon fiber, HDPE, carbon fiber configurations should the closest performance to the all-alloy steel configurations, with the factor of safety almost equal for pressure values above 35Mpa.
Suggesting that the Carbon fiber, HDPE, Carbon fiber to be a good alternative to the all-alloy steel as it address the hydrogen embrittlement issue without compromising structural integrity.

Large quantities of byproducts generated during the processing of Agro-waste results in an economic and environmental problem due to their high volumes and elimination costs. Corncob waste, banana peel, orange peel and pineapple are undervalued waste materials, unused source of energy that can serve as potential source for cellulase production. This study was conducted to bio convert agrowaste to cellulase using thermophilic yeast. The thermophilic organism of interest was isolated from hot region of a dumpsite in Benin City, plated using pour plate
method and identified based on colonial and sugar fermentation characteristics. Purified isolates were screened for cellulase producing activity and the highest producer was used for further analyses. The standardized organism (Torulopsis bovina) was inoculated into each waste medium and incubated at 500C over the course of 10 days. pH, viable cell count and cellulase concentration was determined in two days interval. pH was determined using pH meter, viable cell count was determined using pour plate method, while the cellulase concentration was determined using DNS method. The highest cellulase concentration was obtained at day 8 with corncob waste medium; at a pH of 9.70±0.14 and cell count of 4.490±0.042 x 10 -4 cfu/ml. While the least was obtained with banana waste medium
at day 8, with viable cell count of 0.730±0.028 cfu/ml and pH of 8.05±0.07 . Findings from this study suggest corncob as the best substrate for cellulase production using Torulopsis bovina. Hence, the recalcitrance nature of agrowaste in the environment can be salvage through valorization, specifically into cellulase.

This study examined The Environmental Sanitation Policy And The Management Of Waste In Oredo Local Government, Edo State, Nigeria. The population of the study was over 5000 people spread across the wards of Oredo local government. A sample of 385 representing 20% of the population was taken. The study adopted a descriptive survey design while the instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire. The Likert four-point, scale rating was adopted whereas the data collected were analyzed using mean. The result of the data analyzed showed that there is a medium positive relationship between the effectiveness of environmental sanitation policy on the management of waste in Oredo LGA, there is a low positive relationship between the monitoring of waste management and the sociological impact of waste on Oredo L.G.A, there is a low positive relationship between the challenges affecting environmental sanitation policy and the management of waste in Oredo government. The researcher recommend that policy implementation should be enhanced, investment should be done in education and awareness, waste management infrastructure should be upgraded,encouraged community participation and engagement, enhance monitoring and enforcement amongst other things.

This study investigates the reproductive and histological alterations in Eisenia fetida(earthworm) exposed to varying concentrations of petrol-contaminated soil. Earthworms play a crucial role in soil health and ecosystem functioning, and their response to environmental pollutants, such as petroleum-based compounds, can provide valuable insights into the impact of soil contamination on terrestrial organisms. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of petrol exposure on the reproductive health and histological structure of Eisenia fetida, considering different levels of petrol contamination.
The experiment was conducted using soil samples contaminated with petrol at concentrations of 13.3%, 33.3%, 53.3%. The earthworms were exposed to these varying concentrations for a period of 28 days. Reproductive success was assessed by evaluating the number of cocoons laid, hatching success, and the development of offspring. Histological analysis of the earthworms was
performed to observe any structural changes in their tissues, including the digestive system, reproductive organs, and muscular layers . The results revealed significant reproductive impairments at higher petrol concentrations, with a marked reduction in the number of cocoons and hatching success. Histological analysis showed structural damage to the digestive tract, reproductive tissues, and muscular structures, with notable changes such as cell degeneration, reduced cellular integrity, and signs of inflammation.
These findings suggest that exposure to petrol-contaminated soil adversely affects both the reproductive capabilities and the physiological integrity of Eisenia fetida, with potential implications for soil biodiversity and ecosystem health.
This study contributes to the understanding of the ecological risks associated with petrol contamination in soils, highlighting the importance of assessing the impact of petroleum pollutants on soil-dwelling organisms. The results underscore the need for effective pollution management strategies to mitigate the harmful effects of petrochemical contaminants on terrestrial ecosystems.