2026

Color detection is a task that humans perform effortlessly; however, enabling computers to accurately identify colors remains a challenging problem. In many industries, traditional color recognition systems rely heavily on manual processes and paid labor for color-coding items or datasets, which are often time-consuming, repetitive, and proneto human error. To address these limitations, this project presents a deep learning–based color detection program capable of recognizing multiple colors in real time. The system is implemented using Python, a high-level general-purpose programming language, in conjunction with the Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV). By leveraging deep learning techniques, the proposed solution enhances accuracy and efficiency in automated color recognition tasks. The developed system enables computer devices to detect and classify multiple colors in real time, making it suitable for applications across various industries, including pharmaceutical manufacturing, autonomous vehicle development, and robotics. The adoption of this system can significantly reduce production time, minimize reliance on manual labor, and lower operational costs while improving overall productivity

The study investigates the The study investigate the Assessessment Of The Availiablity And Utilization Of Media Resources For Instruction In Literacy Centers In Oredo Local Government Area, Four research questions were raised question The population of the study comprises of employee in the selected literacy centers located in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State .The study will employ a non-probability sampling method. This approach is deemed the most appropriate methodological choice because the total population of employees within the selected literacy centres is not publicly defined or accessible. The absence of a fixed, enumerated list of all potential participants known as a sampling frame precludes the use of probability sampling techniques, which require every member of the population to have a known and non-zero chance of selection (Etikan, 2021). Consequently, this research will utilise a multi-stage non-probability approach that combines purposive sampling with convenience sampling. The first stage involves purposive sampling, also referred to as judgmental or selective sampling. This technique involves the researcher deliberately selecting subjects based on specific
characteristics or qualities that are an ideal fit for the study's objectives (Ben Shlomo, Brookes, & Hickman, 2021). In this context, the seven institutions listed in the population section were purposively selected based on their established and recognised role in providing literacy and adult education services within the Oredo Local Government Area. This ensures that the data is gathered from sources that are directly relevant to the phenomenon under investigation.The second stage will employ convenience sampling (also known as accidental or haphazard sampling) for the recruitment of individual participants from within these purposively selected centres. Convenience sampling involves selecting participants based on their accessibility, proximity The analysis of the data produced the following findings Limited availability of modern media resources such as computers, projectors, and audio-visual aids in most literacy centers. Many literacy centers rely heavily on traditional teaching methods due to inadequate access to media resources. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are offered:Increase funding and investment to procure modern media resources for all literacy centers. Implement training programs for teachers to improve their skills in using media resources effectively.

The broad objective of this study is to examine the nexus between an entity’s intellectual capital and financial performance. The study is a qualitative study which made use data gotten from carefully designed one hundred and seventy-four questionnaires distributed to respondents of a staffs of a hospital in Beninmetropolis. The one hundred and twenty responses in data form were analysed using the ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The findings of the study show a direct and inconsequential relationship between social capital and company performance, the result also shows a positive as well as a significant nexus between human capital and company performance, the result reveal a positive and insignificant association between human asset and company performance. Finally, OLS output shows a direct and strong nexus between relational assets and company financial performance.

Efficient fuel utilization is a major concern in mechanized agriculture, especially during soil tillage operations such as harrowing. Fuel costs account for a significant proportion of farm operation expenses, and optimizing tractor fuel consumption has direct implications on profitability and sustainability. This study investigated the variability of specific volumetric fuel consumption (SVFC) during harrowing in loamy sand and clay loam soils. Field experiments were conducted at varying depths (10 cm, 13 cm, and 16 cm) and speeds (4 km/h, 6 km/h, and 8 km/h). Parameters such as soil bulk density, cone index, draught force, power output, and moisture content were measured to establish their influence on SVFC. Results revealed that soil type, depth of operation, and tractor forward speed significantly affected SVFC, with loamy sand soils exhibiting lower draught resistance but higher fuel consumption variability compared to clay loam soils. Statistical analyses including ANOVA and paired t-tests confirmed that SVFC differences between soil types were significant (p < 0.05). The findings highlight the importance of specific soil management strategies for improving tractor fuel efficiency. This study provides useful insights for farmers, engineers, and policymakers seeking to optimize energy use in agricultural mechanization, reduce production costs, and enhance sustainable food production

This study assesses undergraduate students' perceptions of the usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in the educational process in relation to Office Technology and Management (OTM). A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study to obtain relevant information from respondents. The study examined students' level of awareness, extent of usage, and perceived benefits of Al tools in supporting learning activities such as research, assignments, record management, and skill development. Data for the study were gathered from undergraduate OTM students through a structured questionnaire, administered in selected tertiary institutions. Furthermore, the study investigated the challenges associated with the use of Al tools in the educational process, including limited access to digital resources, inadequate technical skills, high cost of internet services, and concerns about overdependence on Al. The findings of the study are expected to provide useful insights for educators, institutional administrators, and policymakers on effective strategies for integrating Al tools into OTM education while addressing the identified challenges to improve teaching and learning outcomes.

This study examined the impact of entrepreneurial education on the profitability of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Edo State, Nigeria. The study in vestigated the effect of formal education, skill acquisition, and reading of business books on SME gross profit. A survey research design was adopted, and primary data were collected through structured questionnaire administered to SME owners and managers in Egor, Oredo, and Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Areas of Edo State. Out of the questionnaire distributed, 121 valid responses were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression techniques were employed using SPSS to examine the relationships among the variables. The findings revealed that formal education, skill acquisition, and reading of business books all have positive and significant effects on SME profitability, with skill acquisition demonstrating the strongest influence on gross profit. The study
concludes that entrepreneurial education plays a critical role in improving the sustainability and financial outcomes of SMEs. It recommends greater emphasis on practical, skill-oriented training programs and continuous entrepreneurial learning
initiatives to strengthen SME profitability and contribute to sustainable economic development in Nigeria

This study examines the relationship between sustainability disclosure and the timeliness of financial reporting among listed firms in Nigeria. In the modern corporate landscape, stakeholders demand transparency regarding Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)impacts alongside traditional financial performance. However, Nigerian firms face challenges such as weak enforcement and institutional gaps, leading to delays in reporting and inadequate disclosures. The primary objective of this study is to assess the extent of sustainability disclosure, evaluate compliance with regulatory timelines, and determine if a significant relationship exists between these two variables. The study adopts a descriptive and ex-post facto research design, focusing on companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). Data are sourced from the annual reports and accounts of selected firms. The study tests three hypotheses centered on 101 the significance of disclosure levels and the correlation between sustainability reporting and reporting speed. Preliminary observations suggest that while awareness is growing, many firms still provide limited sustainability information and often exceed regulatory deadlines. The findings of this27 study will be of significant value to the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRCN), the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and potential investors by highlighting areas for improved monitoring and enforcement. The study concludes that enhancing the quality and timeliness of disclosures is critical for boosting investor confidence and promoting corporate accountability in the Nigerian emerging market. Keywords: Sustainability Disclosure, Financial Reporting Timeliness, ESG Reporting, Corporate Governance, Nigerian Exchange Group, Transparency.

The main aim of the study is to explore the impact of cash flow management on insurance firm profitability. Specifically, the study aims to examine the relationship between operating activities and insurance firm profitability, examine the relationship
between investing activities and insurance firm profitability, and to examine the relationship between financing activities and insurance firm profitability, using panel data covering the period 2013–2022. In this study, cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, and cash flow from financing activities are employed as the main independent variables, while profitability is measured using return on assets. To achieve the objectives of the study, pooled Ordinary Least Squares regression was initially estimated, followed by diagnostic tests for multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity. Preliminary analyses, including descriptive statistics, normality tests, and Spearman rank correlation analysis, were also conducted to understand the distributional properties and associations among the variables. Given the presence of heteroscedasticity, robust regression techniques were employed to ensure reliable statistical inference. The empirical findings with respect to each specific objective of the study are summarized as follows. Cash flow from operating activities [coef. = 13.818 (0.000)] has a positive and statistically significant effect on the return on assets of the selected insurance firms in Nigeria during the period under study. This indicates that insurance firms with stronger operating cash inflows tend to record higher profitability. Cash flow from financing activities [coef. = –7.187 (0.048)] has a negative and statistically significant effect on the return on assets of the selected insurance firms in Nigeria during the period under study. This finding suggests that increased reliance on financing activities is associated with
lower profitability among the sampled insurance firms. Cash flow from investing activities [coef. = –7.117 (0.000)] has a negative and statistically significant effect on the return on assets of the selected insurance firms in Nigeria during the period under
study. This implies that higher investment-related cash outflows are associated with reduced profitability in the short run. The study recommend that insurance firms should strengthen the management of cash flow from operating activities by improving underwriting discipline, premium collection processes, and claims settlement efficiency. Corporate managers and directors are responsible for implementing robust internal controls and operational monitoring systems, which will enhance operating cash inflows and support sustained profitability. This will also improve investor confidence and enhance firm valuation

This study aimed to investigate subsurface lithological structures at the University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria, using the 2D electrical resistivity method. Field data was acquired using the Wenner-Alpha configuration, and processed using RES2DINV software to generate 2D resistivity models. The results revealed a multi-layered subsurface structure, typically consisting of an upper layer of alluvium (soil) with varying amounts of clay, underlain by layers of shale and sandstone. The resistivity values ranged from 131 Ωm to 6239 Ωm. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data provided further insights, identifying five distinct layers and providing more accurate depth and thickness information compared to the Wenner array. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the 2D electrical resistivity method in characterizing subsurface structures and provides valuable information for construction planning and geological assessments in the study area.

The study investigated the influence of artificial intelligence platforms on students’ attitude towards learning in tertiary institutions in Edo State. The main purpose of the study was to examine how AI platforms affect students’ cognitive, emotional, behavioural attitudes, and overall academic behaviour. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled Influence of Artificial Intelligence Platforms on Students’ Attitude Towards Learning Questionnaire (IAPSALQ). A sample size of two hundred (200) students was selected from the University of Benin using a stratified random sampling technique. The study adopted a survey research design, and data were gathered through the administration of questionnaires to the selected respondents. The collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and percentages for proper interpretation. The findings revealed that artificial intelligence platforms such as ChatGPT, Quillbot, Grok, Turnitin, Copilot, and Duolingo help students think more clearly, understand difficult concepts, generate creative academic ideas, and improve the overall quality and originality of their academic work. The use of these platforms was also found to enhance students’ understanding, memory of key information, and general learning effectiveness. Furthermore, the study revealed that artificial intelligence platforms positively influence students’ emotional and behavioural attitudes towards learning. Students reported increased confidence, motivation, and support, as well as reduced frustration when using AI tools for academic tasks