The Internet of Things (IoT) describes a kind of network which interconnects various devices with the help of internet. IoT assists to transmit data with among devices, tracing and monitoring devices and other things. IoT make objects 'smart' by allowing them to transmit
data and automating of tasks, without human interference. A health tracking wearable device is an example of simple effortless IoT in our life. A smart city with sensors covering all its regions using diverse tangible gadgets and objects connected with the help of internet is
another example. However, there are still a lot of challenges and issues that need to be addressed to achieve the full potential of IoT. These challenges and issues must be considered from various aspects of IoT such as applications, challenges, enabling technologies, social and environmental impacts etc. This project presents a simple method for developing Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Home Automation System that monitors the electrical energy consumption of our houses with realtime tracking. A custom node microcontroller unit (ESP) serves as the main control unit. It is interfaced with sensors that give the real-time status of the surroundings and also monitor
various appliances like lights, fans, etc. Light bulbs and sockets are used to represent the house hold appliances. Communication between human and electrical devices is orchestrated via an android application namely Blynk. Test results of the designed system show that the electrical appliances can be turned On and Off by the Smart arrangemen

The objective of this research is to create a web-based movie recommender system that effectively tackles the challenges of data sparsity and cold start. The system effectively combines explicit data, such as movie ratings and implicit data, including watch history, search queries, and interactions, in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of user preferences. Data cleaning and normalisation are essential preprocessing steps. Sophisticated recommendation algorithms are utilised to improve recommendations, incorporating collaborative filtering, sparsity reduction, and cold start mitigation techniques. The evaluation findings indicate better recommendation, underscoring the system's efficacy in addressing sparsity and cold start obstacles

Background: University students often face challenges such as poor dietary habits, irregular physical activity, and academic stress, which can adversely affect their health and quality of life (QoL). Nutritional status, physical activity, and QoL are key interrelated health determinants, but limited evidence exists among Nigerian university populations. Understanding these relationships is essential for promoting healthy lifestyles and better well-being among young adults.
Aims: This study aimed to determine the association between nutritional status, physical activity, and quality of life among non-clinical undergraduate students of the University of Benin. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 330 non-clinical undergraduates selected through multistage random sampling. Data were collected using a self- administered questionnaire comprising the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests, were used, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Among the 330 participants, 54.8% were male and 45.2% female, mostly aged 18–25 years. The mean BMI was 24.13 ± 14.18 kg/m², with 53.3% having normal weight, 19.4%
overweight, 12.1% obese, and 11.2% underweight. Most students (76.1%) practiced healthy eating habits. Physical activity levels were moderate in 48.8%, low in 30.9%, and high in 20.3%. Regarding QoL, 62.7% had moderate scores, 32.7% high, and 4.5% low. A significant association was found between nutritional status and physical activity (p = 0.037), but not between nutritional status and QoL (p = 0.096) or physical activity and QoL (p = 0.697).
Conclusion: This study found a significant association between nutritional status and physical activity, but not with quality of life among non-clinical students in the University of Benin. Most students maintained normal BMI and moderate physical activity levels, though some displayed poor nutrition and lifestyle habits. These findings highlight the importance of university-based health programs to improve nutrition, activity levels, and overall well-being.

Nursing documentation is a critical component of professional practice, ensuring continuity of care, enhancing patient safety, and serving as a legal record of nursing activities. However, workload pressures often compromise the accuracy, timeliness, and completeness of documentation. This study investigated the perceived impact of workload on ef ective nursing documentation among nurses in a tertiary healthcare institution in Benin City. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Using a stratified random sampling technique, 246 questionnaires were distributed to nurses working in various departments ofthe University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Out of these, 239 were properly completed and valid for analysis, representing a response rate of 97.1%. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents (89%) demonstrated good knowledge of nursing documentation. However, workload was perceived to have a high impact on documentation practices, with a grand mean of 3.1. Key factors identified included high patientto-nurse ratios, time pressure during shifts, emergency situations, multitasking, and lack of support staf . Challenges faced by nurses included inadequate staf ing, lack of training, absence of electronic health records, unavailability of documentation tools, and frequent interruptions. Hypothesis testing showed a significant relationship between knowledge of nursing documentation and perceived impact of workload (χ² = 6.785, p= 0.041). The study concludes that while nurses possess good knowledge of documentation, workload and systemic challenges
remain major barriers to ef ective practice. This highlights the need for organizational interventions to bridge the knowledge–practice gap. It is recommended that hospital management strengthen staf ing, provide adequate documentation tools, adopt electronic health records, and implement regular in-service training programs. Supportive supervision and clear institutional policies should also be established to enhance ef ective nursing documentation and improve patient care outcomes

The study investigated the influence of school structure and environment on students’ choice of Christian Religious Studies as a Subject of study in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. Four (4) research questions were raised to guide the study. The respondents comprised of students who were two hundred (200) altogether. Also, the descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. In organizing and presenting collected data, tables and percentages were used. The study was motivated by the necessity to establish the influence of school structure and environment on students’ choice of CRS as a subject of study in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. To solve the research problem, various methodology was used such as population of the study and sample and sampling techniques. The research instrument used in collecting data were questionnaires. The questionnaires were divided into two sections, Section A and B. Section A was designed to obtain demographic information from the respondents, while Section B comprised of items on the topic under investigation. The instrument was reviewed
and validated by the project supervisor and other experts in the Faculty of Education, University of Benin, Benin City

This project focuses on the effects of solid waste disposal effluent on the Ugboha River's water quality. Water samples from the river sources were taken for laboratory analysis as part of this research's effort to quantify the river's water quality and pollutant content. The total hardness, dissolved colloids, total solids (TS), iron content, turbidity, total sulphate (TS), pH, temperature, and conductivity were the quality criteria taken into account. The concentrations of pollutants in the river water were calculated using physical and chemical analyses performed on samples collected at the river's source. The findings show that total sulphate, magnesium, chloride, iron, and total hardness are among the water quality metrics that are found to be excessive, with average concentration loads of 12.0 mg/l, 18.8 mg/l, 41 mg, 2.0 mg/l, and 44 mg/l, respectively

Acanthus montanus, commonly referred to as "beer's breech," "alligator plant," or "mountain thistle," is a potent medicinal plant that belongs to the Acanthaceae family. It holds significant importance in ethnomedicine. Throughout Nigeria's history, it has been utilized for managing a diverse array of health issues including wounds, gonorrhea, heart failure, and more. Acanthus montanus is rich in phytochemicals, including alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and terpenoids. These compounds exhibit diverse biological and pharmacological properties, encompassing analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunological, anti-fertility, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and hepatocurative activities. This study investigated the reproductive toxicological effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Acanthus montanus on male and female Wistar rats. Extracts were administered at varying doses (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg) and 0.5 ml of distilled water as control. The body and organ weights (testes, penis, uterus, ovaries) demonstrated no significant deviations from the control group. Toxicological assessments revealed no adverse impacts on lipid metabolism, as evidenced by lipid profile assays. Hormonal analyses affirmed that the extracts maintained endocrine equilibrium, with hormone levels within normal ranges in all make treated groups, while the female groups exhibited varying level of fluctuations in their hormonal levels. Antioxidant assays disclosed noteworthy antioxidant effects, particularly at the highest dose (800 mg/kg), reflecting the potential of Acanthus montanus extracts to combat free radicals and uphold cellular integrity. Histological evaluation of reproductive organs unveiled no notable structural changes, indicating the extracts' non-induction of tissue damage or morphological aberrations. In conclusion, aqueous leaf extracts of Acanthus montanus, across various dosages, exhibited negligible impact on body and organ weights, reflecting safety. Moreover, they displayed antioxidant properties without compromising reproductive health or lipid metabolism. This underlines the promising prospects of Acanthus montanus extracts as natural antioxidants in the realms of reproductive health and oxidative stress management. While these findings are encouraging, further research across diverse animal models and potentially human subjects is imperative for a comprehensive understanding of the plant's benefits and mechanisms

In today's world, the rise of modernization and industrialization has quietly reshaped ecosystems—the rapid expansion of industries and unchecked urbanization continue to disrupt fragile environments, leading to the persistent challenge of heavy metal contamination in soil. This study investigates the green synthesis and characterization of an MgO-MnO-biochar ternary nanocomposite as well as the MgO-MnO Nanopparticle using an eco-friendly co-precipitation method, and highlightening its potential heavy metal remediation applications. The synthesis involved the bottom- up fabrication of magnesium and manganese oxides in a green solvent system, followed by integration with biochar. The characterization of the MgO-MnO-biochar nanocomposite and MgO-MnO nanoparticle system revealed significant structural, compositional, and morphological differences. FTIR analysis showed the nanocomposite had prominent O–H stretching at 3951.1, 3641.1, and 3790.2 cm⁻¹, C–H stretching at 2907.3 cm⁻¹, CO₂ adsorption at 2110.3 cm⁻¹, C=C stretching at 1611.8 cm⁻¹, and Mg–O and Mn–O bonds at 946.3 and 864.7 cm⁻¹, while the nanoparticle system exhibited fewer functional groups, with CO₂ adsorption at 2102.2 cm⁻¹ and C=C stretching at 1598.5 cm⁻¹. EDX analysis revealed high carbon content (48.72 wt%) in the nanocomposite, absent in the nanoparticle system, alongside higher Mn (61.62 wt%) and Mg (32.24 wt%) concentrations in the nanoparticle system compared to 24.47 wt% Mn and 11.34 wt% Mg in the composite. XRD analysis identified Lindergerbite (59.00%) and Periclase (13.00%) in the nanoparticle system, while the nanocomposite featured Flagstaffite (52.40%), Graphite (1.84%), and Cryoptohalite (7.96%). BET analysis showed the nanoparticle system had a higher surface area (282.000 m²/g vs. 216.400 m²/g), pore volume (0.173 cm³/g vs. 0.128 cm³/g), and BJH surface area (354.200 m²/g vs. 265.400 m²/g), though pore diameters were similar (2.132 nm vs. 2.129 nm). SEM analysis revealed the nanocomposite's porous, fibrous structure with well-dispersed nanoparticles, while the nanoparticle system exhibited a denser, more aggregated morphology with reduced porosity. The characterization results revealed that the MgO-MnO-biochar ternary nanocomposite possesses significant structural and compositional properties, suggesting its potential as a sustainable, cost-effective material for future heavy metal remediation applications.

In the contemporary landscape of business intelligence (BI), the choice of interactive dashboard tools plays a pivotal role in enabling data-driven decision-making processes within organizations. This study conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of three leading BI tools: Looker, Tableau, and Power BI, with a specific focus on their interactive dashboard capabilities. The research aims to provide i sights into the strengths and weaknesses of each tool, aiding organizations in making informed decisions regarding their BI tool selection. Key aspects examined include user interface and ease of use, data connectivity, visualization capabilities, data modeling and transformation features, collaboration and sharing functionalities, integration with advanced analytics and machine learning, cost considerations, customization and extensibility options, as well as support and community resources

This study investigated the Influence of social media on the academic performance of 400level education students of University Of Benin. The study aimed at finding out what effect social networks have on their users, in particular, how the use of social networks affects the academic success of students. Number of hours spent on social media activities, nature of activities and gender influence were identified to have impact on the academic performance of students. To guide the study, four research questions were raised. This study employed the survey research design. The population of this study comprises 400level education students in the Department of Educational Foundation. Sixty (60) students formed the sample size. The instrument used for this study was a questionnaire titled 'The impact of social media on the academic performance of 400level education
students of the University of Benin'. Data obtained from the instrument was analyzed using frequency counts and percentage.