2023

African salad popularly called “Abacha, "Abacha Ncha" or "Abacha and Ugba” contains lots of fresh raw vegetables and other ingredients which can be consumed without cooking. It is widely accessed for it is composed of food ingredients known to be rich in protein, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals. The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality of ready-to-eat African salads sold around the University of Benin, Ugbowo campus area, Edo state. Ready-to-eat African salad samples were purchased with and without "ugba" condiment from sellers in the Ugbowo campus area. All samples were serially diluted and inoculated on Nutrient agar, Eosin Methylene blue (EMB) agar and Simmons citrate agar. Bacterial counts from this study ranged from 5.15±0.50 to 9.75 ± 1.06 x 10
4.cfu/g. Pure cultures were obtained and seven different isolates were identified using cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. The isolates include Bacillus sp., Salmonella so., Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Micrococcus sp. Bacillus sp. had the highest percentage frequency of 29.41% while Staphylococcus sp. had the lowest percentage frequency of 5.88%. The presence of Salmonella sp. in the ready to eat African salad samples indicates poor hygienic practice during the processing of these foods which can pose a great health risk to consumers.

The Internet has simplified information services provided in this ICT era. One can easily acquire the required knowledge and information on a single click, thus, making information generation and dissemination timely. Regrettably, this may not be so for categories of individuals who seemed to have deviated from the original plan of the Internet for academics. This study examined the impact of internet on the student’s reading culture, the impact of internet on student’s academic achievement and the positive and negative impact of the internet on students’ reading academic performance. Convenient sampling technique with proportionate representation was used to determine sample size (100) students of selected secondary schools in Edo State. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection and this was supplemented with interview of key informants. Data was analyze using descriptive statistics which include measures of central tendency. Chi-square was use to compare observed data with data we would expect to obtain according to a specific hypothesis. The data collected was analyzed using statistical package for social scientist (SPSS). Results showed that majority of the respondents were of the opinion that internet usage is essential for educational development and that there is a significant relationship between internet usage and students reading culture. The study recommended that Management of secondary schools should organize seminars aimed at teaching the students the right use of the Internet to improve their reading culture, among other things.

The study was designed to assess the concentrations of zinc and chromiumin some commercially available green and Black sold teas they include Lipton, Top tea, Richmond tea, Cinnamon Tea and Natural green tea within Benin City, Nigeria. Five of the most popular brands among consumers were purchased in the open market. They were digested, infused (coldandhot) and analyzed for their heavy metal content using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The heavy metal concentration varied among the different brands of tea in the study. In the tea samples zinc concentration ranged between 35mg/ kg to 70mg/kg while chromium gave the lowest value of 0.65mg/kg and maximum concentration of 22mg/kg. The cold and hot infusion samples revealed very low concentrations of both zinc and chromium (most of them below detectable limits) ranging between 0.03 mg/l to 0.10 mg/l. In conclusion, the risk of heavy metal exposure via the consumption of these tea is low, with no significant health implications to consumers and thus does not pose a threat to food safety.

This study examined Students Identified Barriers in Adapting Online Learning of Chemistry in Post Covid-19 Pandemic Era in Egor Local Government Area. The challenges and obstacles of learning Chemistry online, impact of learning chemistry online compared to classroom learning and proportion of chemistry students having access to their online facilities. This study adopted a survey research design sampling technique in order to achieve the purpose of this study. Twenty (20) research questions were raised. The sample for the study consists of hundred (100) respondents from three public schools in Egor local government area of Edo State. data was collected with the aid of questionnaire . the validity and reliability of the instrument were ascertained using the exert judgement and cronbach method. Mean were used to analyze collected data. Based on the findings of the study, it was ascertained that learning of chemistry online in Post Covid-19 Era remains a difficult task based on the challenges such as lack of trained personnel, software for teaching chemistry are in short supply, poor internet connection and data plans, no ICT department in most secondary schools are the major barriers in adapting online learning of chemistry. Finally, for online learning to be effective, appropriate measure should be given to maintenances, government should finance and connect the rural areas particularly to stable electric grid

This study was conducted to examine the preservatives and pesticide usage in some sawmills in Ovia North East Local Government Area Benin City. This study adopted purposive sampling techniques. Data collection, involved field survey and the field survey involved using questionnaires to collect data in conformity with the objectives. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as, frequency distribution table, mean, and percentages. The majority (98%) of the respondents were male and the age distribution showed a predominance of relatively young workers. Most (63.1%) of the workers were married, and the educational distribution of respondents shows that the largest group has completed senior secondary school (34.5%), Work experience was also diverse, with a substantial number of experienced workers in the industry. Khaya spp (Mahogany), Milicia excelsa (Iroko), Triplochiton scleroxylon (Obeche), and Lovoa trichilioides (African Walnut) were among the most commonly supplied species. The source of timber supply to the sawmill indicated a higher percentage from natural forests and from another sawmill. While using naturally rot-resistant wood was a common method of treatment, the presence of wood- attacking insects of the order: Isoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera posed challenges to wood preservation. Chemical preservatives like Solignum and Attack were widely used. Pesticides and preservatives are used to protect wood products against these insect attacks, thus extending their lifespan.

This study was designed to assess the methods of teaching integrated science courses to integrated science students in Nigerian Institutions. Three research questions was raised. The study was delimited to integrated science students in Nigerian institutions. The survey research design was used in conducting the study. The population of the study consisted of integrated science students across the four levels of Integrated Science Education course area in the department of CIT, University of Benin of which a sample size of 50studentswere used for the study. The main instrument for the study was a self-structured questionnaire. The validity of the instrument was established by giving it to the supervisor of the research work and two other experts in the field of this research study. The reliability of the instrument was established using the test-retest method of estimating reliability. After computation, the reliability yielded a Coefficient of0.783. The questionnaire was distributed directly to the respondents by the researcher. After the collection and collation of the instrument, the data obtained were subjected to analysis using frequency counts and percentages. Results from the study showed among other things that, there is an average use of adequate methods of teaching integrated science education by the lecturers teaching integrated science courses and also there is an average use of the adequate and necessary instructional/teaching aids to guide teaching and learning. Consequent upon the findings of this study, it was recommended that; state government through the state ministry of education should improve the knowledge of teachers on the methods of teaching that can enhance teaching and learning, government should ensure that they make provision for adequate learning facilities and environment in order for teachers to be able to adopt these methods effectively, the deans in the faculties where integrated science courses are being taught and the Head of Departments of Integrated science should ensure they monitor the teaching and learning in order to monitor the adoption and use of effective teaching methods, students should be enlightened properly on the techniques of the various teaching methods and how to adjust properly

One of the elements driving progress is the media. It can serve as a suitable medium for promoting environmental awareness if used appropriately. The physical environment is crucial to the existence of the universe as a whole, and Nigeria has been working to lower the risk of unsustainable environmental conditions. This study sought to determine the extent of listener awareness of environmental sustainability reporting on radio, as well as the effectiveness of the radio's role in spreading and cultivating environmental awareness. Respondents from the Oredo local government were surveyed. For this study, a quantitative analysis using questionnaires was used. 400 respondents in the Oredo local government area of Benin City, Edo State, received the questionnaires. The study was supported by theories of attitude modification, uses and pleasure, and development of media. Simple random and purposeful sampling was used to choose the respondents. Frequency and percentage analyses of the data were performed. The results demonstrate that many Oredo metropolitan residents are aware of environmental sustainability initiatives coverage on radio. However, the study recommends that In order to effectively and efficiently broadcast information on weather, climate, and other environmental issues, radio and other media should maintain a specific desk called the environmental and climate desk. It is also advised that broadcast media outfit their reporters with advanced tools or equipment to cover scientific topics like covering areas with less effort on environmental sanitation or poor environmental sanitation, flooding disasters, heavy wind and storm without much stress. The study equally suggests that in order to better exhibit professionalism and ensure that the public is informed, broadcast media organizations should offer specialized seminars and workshops for their reporters on how to effectively cover scientific and environmental news and greater airtime be devoted to programming about environmental sustainability.

This article presents a study which is aimed at identifying the problems and constraints of teaching history in secondary schools in Nigeria using secondary schools in Ukwuani local government area of Delta state . The problem of teaching history is often traced to the low production capacity of the history teacher. This article argues that the dullness of history lessons in class and lack of interest among the students can also be traced to the teacher who is accused of lack of resourcefulness, laziness, intellectual bankruptcy and lack of interest in the subject. This study therefore examines the challenges facing the teaching and learning of History as a subject in senior secondary schools in Ukwuani Local Government Area of Delta state, Simple random sampling technique was adopted to select some History teachers and 100 History students as samples. Questionnaire was designed to collect data while a descriptive statistic was used to answer the three research questions generated in this study. The findings reveal that inconsistent government policies towards History as a subject, the quality of History teachers and the teaching method used in teaching History has adversely affected the teaching and learning of the subject in Ukwuani Government Area secondary schools of Delta State. Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that the government should make History a compulsory subject for all secondary school students as other core subjects such as Mathematics and English Language, so that they can have adequate knowledge of Nigerian History, learn from the past mistakes of our leaders in order to correct the future. Finally, it is argued that the introduction of non - professional historians as history teachers also constitutes a major problem in teaching history. It is against this background that this study has become necessary in order to make useful suggestions aimed at arresting the constraints. The article summits that the solution to these problems lies in the cooperation of the teachers, students and the government.

For brands and businesses trying to sell their products and services in the market, social media has become an essential tool. In our contemporary world, the act of buying and selling is possible online via various social media platforms regardless of distance and time. The use of social media marketing strategies is used by companies as a standard marketing tactic to boost brand recognition, popularity and impact consumer purchase
intentions and behaviours. This study examines influencer marketing and its impacts consumers’ patronage to a product or service, using Instagram Nigeria as a case study. It also examines the perception of consumers and businesses in Nigeria towards influencer marketing. This study is anchored on the Source Credibility Theory, Technology
Determinism Theory, and Attitude Change Theory as its theoretical framework. The study also adopted the survey research design which made use of the questionnaire in gathering data from respondents. The study adopted the simple random sampling technique to select a total of 200 respondents. Findings from the study show that Instagram users are frequently exposed to influencer marketing and therefore find it
informative. Most Instagram users became familiar with certain products due to their high exposure to Influencer marketing and few actually make purchasing action. It was further revealed in this study that exposure to influencer marketing on Instagram influences the buying behaviour of Instagram users. From the analyzed data, influencer marketing is an informative, persuasive, and effective form of marketing. The study
recommended that brands and businesses should cautiously utilize influencer marketing on Instagram to market their products and/or services. They can make it more attractive, appealing and personal to potential consumers in order to have a better influence on their purchasing action.

This study was design to examine the Influence of Christian Religious Studies on immoral practices in senior secondary schools: a case study of secondary schools in Onitsha South Local Government of Anambra State. To achieve this purpose the following research questions were put forward: Is the teaching of Christian Religious studies prevalent in secondary schools in Onitsha South Local Government Area of Anambra State? Does the absence of Christian Religious studies lead to moral decadence? What are the immoral practices/behaviors seen among secondary school students? What are the reasons behind the exhibition of immoral practices among secondary school students? Has Christian Religious studies been effective in improving the morals and behaviors of students in secondary schools in the area of study? This study adopted the descriptive research design and the major instrument used for data collection was questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated and reliability was determined through test retest method. The data collected was presented in frequency count and percentage for all the one hundred and fifty three (153) respondents draw from the twelve(12) secondary schools in Onitsha South Local Government Area of Anambra State through simple random sampling techniques. This project is in five chapters, these includes Chapter one which is the introduction, Chapter two deals with the review of related literature, Chapter three is the methodology while Chapter four is the presentation of results and discussion of findings and Chapter five is the summary, conclusion and recommendations.