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This study investigates the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on library services, focusing specifically on academic libraries. With the rapid advancement of technology, libraries are increasingly adopting AI tools to improve their operations and enhance the user experience. The research centers on the John Harris Library at the University of Benin, exploring the current state and extent of AI integration in its services. AI technologies, such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics, are transforming traditional library functions by automating routine tasks like cataloging and organizing resources. This allows librarians to focus on more complex intellectual work. Additionally, AI enables personalized services through analyzing user behavior and preferences, improving information retrieval and recommendations. The study also highlights AI’s role in digitizing and preserving rare and fragile materials, thus safeguarding cultural heritage for future generations. However, alongside these benefits, the research addresses important challenges including data privacy concerns, ethical implications, potential job displacement among library staff, and the need for ongoing professional training. The findings emphasize the necessity of responsible AI adoption to balance technological progress with ethical responsibilities, ensuring that library services remain effective, inclusive, and trustworthy. This study contributes valuable insights for library professionals, academic institutions, and policymakers aiming to harness AI’s potential while managing its risks within the library setting

Refinery operations play a crucial role in converting crude oil and natural gas into usable
petroleum products; however, these processes generate significant quantities of waste that pose serious environmental concerns. This study examines the estimation of refinery wastes and evaluates their impact on the environment during oil and gas refining activities. The research focuses on identifying major categories of refinery waste such as gaseous emissions, wastewater effluents, solid sludge, spent catalysts, and particulate matter and assessing their sources, composition, and disposal techniques. Data was collected through operational records, regulatory reports, and existing environmental studies. Findings indicate that improper waste management contributes to soil degradation, water pollution, air contamination, and adverse health effects on nearby communities. The study emphasizes the importance of adopting environmentally sustainable waste handling practices, advanced treatment technologies, and strict compliance with environmental regulations to minimize ecological damage. It concludes that effective waste
estimation and management strategies are essential to ensuring cleaner refinery operations, protecting ecosystems, and promoting public health.

This study examines the use of fear, control and uncertainty in news media coverage
of the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to analyze how the use of fear, control and uncertainty in news media reflects and shape the attitudes of the society. This study provides insight into the ways in which news media outlets can shape public opinion. 1.2. SCOPE OF STUDY The scope covers the use of fear, control and uncertainty in news media coverage of the pandemic. The boundaries of this research exist within the news coverage of the pandemic within Nigeria. The spatial scope is mainly, Vanguard, Punch, Guardian and Daily newspapers. The geographical scope is the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019.
Theoretically, this research will be based on the Critical Discourse Analysis with close
reference to Norman Fairclough’s approach to discourse analysis. 1.3. METHODOLOGY
The research methodology chosen for this study is the qualitative approach, which
allows for a flexible standpoint of analysis. It draws primarily on the work of Norman
Fairclough to form the basis for the analytic approach to discourse analysis. The study will 2 explore how the discourse reflects media perception; fear, control strategies and
uncertainty about the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis is based on the extraction of various instances of fear, control and uncertainty as portrayed by news media. The research carry out a textual analysis of all data collected. This method facilitates a structured and in-depth analysis of the strategies employed in 2019 pandemic

There are several uses for real-time image and audio transmission through a remote-controlled agent in telepresence, remote monitoring, surveillance, search and rescue operation, healthcare and medical applications, industrial inspection and maintenance, and education alongside research. Hence, the aim of this work is to develop a real time image and audio transmission using a remotely controlled mechatronic agent.
This study describes a system that combines computer vision, audio processing, and wireless communication to provide real-time multimedia streaming via remotely operated agent. A mobile robotic platform with a camera embedded with a microphone feature that makes up the suggested system, which sends live audio and video data to a distant control center via a wireless network. In order to maximize bandwidth utilization and guarantee low latency and high-quality transmission, sophisticated compression algorithms are used. To improve the clarity of the received data, the system also includes image stabilization and noise reduction. The effectiveness of several communication technologies, including Wi-Fi and 5G, in preserving a steady connection in changing settings is assessed. The recommended system consist of an ES-Custom RC transmitter and receiver for remote control, a lithium battery as the power source, a Standalone
x360 mini camera with motion sensor and flash features for real-time streaming, a TP4056 charger module for battery management alongside a mobile platform being driven by two electric motors where one motor is controlling the front wheel responsible for the forward motion of the prototype and the other electric motor that is responsible for the rotational motion of the aforementioned system, and a servo motor that is responsible for the general motion (which can either be forward, backward, or rotational motion) of the camera system. The TP4056 charger module is connected v to an AC supply power source which has a BMS (Battery Management System) in place to prevent
against overcharge of the system and also over-discharge of the system when it is in use. The power being supplied by the AC source is converted to a DC power source via the TP4056 charger module which charges the two Lithium battery and stores this energy within a voltage range of 3.7 – 4.2 volts, 1 Amp. The Step-up module helps to convert the voltage being provided by the two Lithium batteries to a steady 5 volts which is required by the camera for its utilization. The RV (Remote Vehicle) System contains several chips serving different functions – One of these chips manages the power that comes into the system (the single small black chip), there is a big black chip apart from the two black chips arranged side by side which manages the control and the other black chip is responsible for the light function. The video feedback from the Camera is displayed
on an Android phone device via an app known as V380pro, and this app can be connected through a HotSpot and a Wi-Fi connection alongside with the barcode on the camera system being scanned. The developed system when connected together performed satisfactorily. It will help to monitor an environment via mobile phone in which the system is placed.

This study investigates the adoption of e-marketing among Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, evaluating its role as a tool for competitive advantage. While offering immense opportunities for global reach, customer engagement, and reduced operational costs, e-marketing in Nigeria faces threats like poor infrastructure, high costs, and insecurity

The study was conducted to find out the Factors resulting to Pollution in halls of
Residence among the Recipients in University of Benin. Five research questions were
raised and analyzed for the purpose of the study. Two hundred (200) respondents which
were randomly selected from five (5) faculties through simple random techniques from
the fourteen (14) Faculties in the University of Benin. The data were collected with
questionnaire instrument and analyzed. The result revealed that: Indiscriminate urination is a reason adduced for air pollution by
students in halls of residence because of the poor state of hostel facilities in the
University of Benin, Indiscriminate dumping of food waste, human waste and other
perishables are reasons adduced for air pollution by students in halls of residences. It was
also observed that the poor drainage system in the halls of residence is a major cause of
air pollution, as most of the drainages are unsafe to use, Irregular supply of water to halls
of residence for cleanup and other activities, contributes to air pollution, Overpopulation
in the halls of residence, contributes to air population. Based on the results, it was recommended that: The University management should provide adequate facilities and equipment for the disposal of wastes and Information on how to use toilet equipment and other facilities should be included in the students’ handbook so as to educate them on the proper usage, Regular water supply should be provided through the use of the water supply systems such as a borehole, deep well and vii so on, adequate and qualified personnel should be recruited to carry out the thorough cleaning of the drainages in the hostels, Accommodation in the halls of residence should be only for those that the bed spaces can accommodate, this would help to reduce overpopulation.
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In many developing regions, loan management processes remain a significant challenge due to poor record keeping, limited accountability between lenders, borrowers, and guarantors, and the absence of structured digital administration tools. This project focuses on the design and implementation of an Automated Loan Record Management System delivered through a web- based platform, the LRMS Platform. The system was developed using Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) and a prototyping approach to ensure simplicity, usability, and scalability. The platform comprises nine modules: Administrator Login, Borrower Registration with fingerprint capture and photograph upload, Borrower and Guarantor Details with SMS reminder management, Loan Issuance, Bank Details, Repayment tracking, a Database Dashboard for visual analytics, a Saved Records interface for searchable borrower and guarantor retrieval, and an Offline Support page. Testing confirmed that the system accurately handles borrower registration, loan record management, repayment tracking, and administrator-initiated SMS reminders to borrowers and guarantors. The system is reliable, structured, and practical for lending organizations and cooperative societies seeking to improve loan administration, reduce
defaults, and strengthen accountability among all stakeholders

This study examined the influence of social media algorithms in shaping news exposure among undergraduate students in the University of Benin. The objectives were to determine how students use social media for news consumption, their awareness of algorithmic filtering, and its effect on perceptions of news credibility. Guided by the Uses and Gratification Theory and Media Dependency Theory, the study adopted a survey design. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 400 undergraduate students, and structured questionnaires served as the main instrument for data collection.Findings revealed that most undergraduate students in the University of Benin rely on social
media as their primary source of news, with Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp ranking highest. However, while many recognized the role of algorithms in shaping their news exposure, less than half verified stories before sharing, exposing gaps in media literacy. The study also found that algorithms not only determine the kind of news students encounter but also influence their perception of its credibility, with Instagram and Twitter considered more trustworthy due to their visual appeal and real-time updates.The study concludes that social media algorithms significantly shape news consumption and trust. It recommends strengthening media literacy and promoting fact-checking practices among students.

The study examined the effect of auditing practices on fraud prevention in the Nigerian
banking sector, adapting the model of Internal Control System and Fraud Prevention of
Quoted Financial Services Firms in Nigeria: A Smart PLS-SEM Approach (Ogwiji &
Lasisi, 2022) as its conceptual framework. The study focused on how internal control
systems, fraud risk assessment, control testing, and substantive testing influence fraud
prevention among Deposit Money Banks. A survey research design was adopted, and
data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 384 respondents
across the Nigerian banking industry. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. Results revealed that all four
auditing dimensions had significant positive effects on fraud prevention, with substantive
testing showing the strongest influence. The regression model (R² = 0.734, F = 159.386, p
< 0.05) confirmed that auditing practices collectively explained 73.4% of the variation in
fraud prevention. The study concludes that effective auditing mechanisms are essential
for reducing fraudulent activities and enhancing financial integrity in Deposit Money
Banks, and recommends strengthening internal controls, continuous risk assessments, technology-driven audit processes, and auditor independence to ensure sustainable fraud prevention in Nigeria’s banking sector

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), originally conceived as a regional economic integration body, has increasingly evolved into a multifaceted political actor, particularly in the realm of peace and security. In light of the recent surge in military coups across West Africa including those in Mali (2020, 2021), Guinea (2021), Burkina Faso (2022), and Niger (2023). ECOWAS’s role has expanded and come under greater scrutiny. This new reality demands a conceptual redefinition of ECOWAS: not only as a vehicle for economic cooperation, but as a regional guardian of democracy, constitutional governance, and political stability¹. ECOWAS’s response mechanisms are rooted in several key legal instruments. Notably, the Protocol Relating to the Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management, Resolution, Peacekeeping and Security (1999) and the Supplementary Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance (2001) provide the foundation for its stance against unconstitutional changes of government². These frameworks authorize ECOWAS to take collective action against member states where constitutional order is disrupted ranging from diplomatic sanctions and economic embargoes, to suspension of membership and military intervention threats³