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This study examined the relationship between quality customer service and brand perception
among commercial bank customers in Benin City, Nigeria. The research focused on four key
dimensions of customer service: employee performance, good communication, quick
responsiveness, and empathy, assessing their impact on brand perception. A total of 385
questionnaires were distributed to customers within the Benin Metropolis, with 380 successfully retrieved and analyzed. The study adopted a quantitative research design, utilizing descriptive
statistics and regression analysis to evaluate the data. The findings reveal that employee performance, quick responsiveness, and empathy have a significant positive relationship with brand perception, indicating that efficient service delivery and customer engagement enhance brand perception. However, good communication does not significantly influence brand perception, suggesting that customers may prioritize service efficiency and personalized interactions over mere information exchange. Based on these findings, the study recommends that commercial banks invest in employee training programs, enhance service responsiveness through technology-driven solutions, and foster a customer-centric approach emphasizing empathy to improve brand perception. Additionally, banks should focus on optimizing service delivery rather than solely improving communication strategies to strengthen their competitive advantage in the
banking sector

This study examined the impact of strategic procurement practices on procurement performance in public healthcare institutions in Benin City, Nigeria, focusing on the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and Edo Central Hospital. The research specifically investigated six key strategic procurement practices: Supplier Relationship
Management (SRM), Procurement Planning, Strategic Sourcing, Risk Management and Mitigation, Technology Utilisation, and Contract Management. Data was collected through surveys administered to procurement staff and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. The findings revealed that SRM,
Strategic Sourcing, and Technology Utilisation have a significant positive effect on procurement performance. In contrast, Procurement Planning, Risk Management, and Contract Management were found to have either insignificant or negative relationships with procurement performance. Based on these findings, recommendations are made to
improve procurement performance, including strengthening supplier relationships, enhancing procurement planning processes, adopting advanced technologies, and refining contract management practices.

The increasing digitalization of the construction industry has highlighted the growingrelevance of virtual platforms as alternatives to traditional face-to-face site meetings. Thisstudy examines the use, benefits, and challenges of virtual platforms for constructionsitemeetings in Benin City, Nigeria, where infrastructural limitations and cultural preferencesinfluence technology adoption. A quantitative research design was employed, withdatacollected from 140 construction professionals—including architects, engineers, quantitysurveyors, and contractors—selected from a target population of 842. Using MeanItemScores (MIS), the findings show that Google Meet, Zoom, and WhatsApp are themost commonly used virtual platforms due to their accessibility and low data requirements. Keybenefits identified include enhanced stakeholder participation regardless of location, reducedmeeting costs, time savings, and improved documentation. However, major barrierstoeffective adoption remain, such as poor internet connectivity, unstable power supply, limitedtechnical skills, and low acceptance among older professionals. The study concludes that
while virtual platforms significantly improve communication efficiency and stakeholder engagement, their full potential is hindered by infrastructural and cultural constraints. It recommends targeted digital training, improved technological infrastructure, and hybrid meeting models to support sustainable digital transformation in Benin City’s construction sector.

The evolution of global trade governance has been central to the dynamics of international Economic relations among states. Since the mid-20th century, states have increasingly sought cooperative mechanisms to manage trade liberalization, address disputes and reduce barriers to international commerce. The establishment of the World
Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 marked a significant milestone in the institutionalization of this global economic order. The WTO succeeded the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and was designed to promote free trade, facilitate economic cooperation and reduce barriers to international commerce.¹ The centrality of the World Trade Organization in shaping contemporary economic interactions cannot be overstated. It operates on the principle of non-discrimination, transparency and reciprocity, and oversees multilateral trade agreements covering goods, services and intellectual property.² As a forum for negotiation and dispute settlement the WTO plays a critical role in influencing how states emerge with one another economically for developing countries, it has been both a platform for integration into the global economy and a subject of criticism for perpetuating unequal power dynamics.

This study investigated the perceived influence of paucity of nurses on quality of care among patients in a tertiary health institution in Benin City, Edo State. The study's objectives are to assess nursing care quality, patients' perceptions of the impact of a shortage of nurses on nursing care quality, and suggestions for improving nursing careat
the University of Benin teaching hospital in Benin. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used in the study. There were 243 patients in the medical surgical unit that made up the study population. Convenience sampling was used to choose a sample size of 151 respondents for the investigation. A well-structured questionnaire served as the data gathering tool. The research supervisor verified the instrument. To confirm the instrument's reliability, a test-retest procedure was used. Data was examined using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, mean score, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANOVA) to assess study hypotheses at a p-value of <0.05. The findings reveal that patients have a positive opinion that standards/protocols for patient safety are in place, patients' rights are protected, and mistakes are immediately reported and rectified. It was also revealed that patients judged certain elements to have a beneficial impact on the quality of nursing care. This includes opportunities for nursing workers to advance and develop professionally. It was also revealed that providing enough facilities and equipment, employing nurses, enhancing nurses' well-being and quality, and encouraging nurses to attend update courses all help to improve the quality of nursing care. Based on the findings, it was concluded and recommended among others that Government at all levels; federal and state and local government should ensure that medical facilities under their care are adequately starfed and equipped in order to ensure quality nursing care.

Work stress is a significant factor affecting employee productivity in modern workplaces. Thisstudy examines the impact of job-related stress on employee performance, focusing on its causes, effects, and potential mitigation strategies. Using an empirical approach, the research exploreshow factors such as heavy workload, long working hours, lack of control over work processes, and job insecurity contribute to stress among employees. The study further investigates the relationship between work stress and employee productivity, highlighting how excessive stress can lead to reduced efficiency, low morale, absenteeism, and job dissatisfaction. Findings suggest that effective stress management techniques, such as workplace flexibility, employee support programs, and a positive work environment, can enhance productivity levels. The study provides insights for employers and policymakers on fostering a healthier work culture that
balances job demands with employee well-being, ultimately improving overall organizational performance.

This study examines the perceived influence of financial aid on students' academic achievement at the University of Benin, Edo State. Given the economic challenges affecting students' ability to finance higher education, this research explores how various forms of financial aid such as scholarships, grants, loans, and work-study programs impact academic performance. Using a survey research design, data was collected from students who receive financial aid, and their responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicate that financial aid significantly enhances students' academic performance by reducing financial stress, improving access to educational resources, and allowing students to focus on their studies. However, challenges such as delays in disbursement and insufficient funding persist. The study recommends policy interventions to improve the effectiveness and accessibility of financial aid programs, ensuring greater academic success for students in Nigerian universities

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial agents. As a result of drug resistance, antibiotics (usually used for bacteria) and other antimicrobial agents become ineffective, and infections become difficult or impossible to treat, increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, disability, and death. This study comprehensively investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcusaureus isolated from paediatric patients. The study adopted a cross-sectional epidemiological design. The participants of the study include paediatric patients aged 2–17 years within UBTH with clinically diagnosed bacterial infections or paediatric patients who were suspected to eventually receive antibiotic treatments. A total of 53 samples were collected from this population, using rectal and nasal swabs, these samples were cultured on MacConkey agar and mannitol salt agar respectively. Isolates were characterized using conventional cultural
techniques. The findings of the study showed that the mean age of the population is between30.5-117.5 months, With male gender being predominant in the study. Atotal of 53Staphylococcus isolates were identified, comprising 36(67.9%) S. aureus and 17(32.1%)Coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus (CoNS). The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates, indicated a high level of susceptibility to majority of the antibiotics; including amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tigecycline, meropenem, levofloxacin, erythromycin, cefuroxime, and tetracycline. Resistance was most pronounced against cefoxitin, cefazidime, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, where significant proportions of isolates were resistant (ranging from approximately45%to80%). Based on the findings of this study, it can be infer that there is mild-high range of AMR among paediatric patient in Benin City. The study thus, supports the need for necessary action, including rational drug use, continuous surveillance, and deployment of adequate preventive and curative policies and actions

This study examines Social work intervention on unemployment among the Nigeria youths, using Oredo Local Government in Edo State. Nigeria has come a long waysince1922 in terms of the number and spread of political parties. Unemployment continues to be a global issue even as the world population continues to increase. Some countries have effectively put in place policies that mitigate this growing issue while others have failed to plan and continue to suffer the consequences of their actions and inactions on a daily basis. The study adopts a survey design and employs quantitative research methods. Primary data is collected through structured questionnaires administered. The sample size is determined using Taro Yamane 1967 sample size determination formula, yielding approximately 218 respondents, selected through stratified random sampling to ensure proportional representation. The data collected from the instruments were organized in tables using simple percentages. Cronbach’s Alpha is employed to test the reliability of the research instrument, ensuring consistency in measuring the variables. Findings from the study revealed that there are social work interventions on unemployment among the Nigeria Youths. It was also revealed that there is a relationship between the youth unemployment rate and the gross domestic product of Nigeria. The study offers valuable recommendations that Professional associations, such as the National Association of Social Workers (NASoW), should implement membership education and continuing education programmes for recertification, ensuring members stay informed about social welfare policies and programmes. This initiative will empower them to engage relevant stakeholders effectively in efforts to reduce youth unemployment.

This study examines the role of Christian missionaries in the development and expansion of Western education in Auchi between 1914 and 1970. It argues that missionary activities were central to the introduction of formal education in the area, as various denominations established schools alongside evangelization efforts. The research analyzes the contributions of missionary bodies such as the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Church, highlighting their role in building educational infrastructure, training teachers, and increasing access to schooling. It further explores the response of the local population, noting both acceptance and resistance shaped by cultural and religious considerations. The study also considers the impact of colonial educational policies and the eventual transition to government control of schools after independence. The study concludes that Christian missionary efforts significantly transformed the educational landscape of Auchi, laying the foundation for modern education in the region. However, it also notes that this transformation came with cultural implications, including the gradual erosion of certain indigenous practices. Ultimately, the period 1914–1970 represents a critical phase in the historical evolution of education in Auchi, driven largely by missionary initiative and colonial influence