Background: Ergonomics, the science of aligning work environments with human capabilities, remains underemphasized in Nigeria’s informal auto-mechanic sector, where over 96% of workers train through apprenticeships that prioritize speed over safety. This study therefore assessed the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of ergonomic principles among auto-mechanic workmen in Benin City, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used involving 384 auto-mechanic workmen with at least one year of experience, selected purposively from informal workshops in Benin City. Data on ergonomic KAP were obtained using an adapted questionnaire from a previous study. Participants sociodemographic characteristics and anthropometric parameters were collected. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics of means, standard deviations, frequencies, and percentages, while Chi-square test was employed to determine associations between KAP variables and selected socio-demographic factors at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Respondents were overweight (26.13 ± 4.01 kg/m²), while more than a third (44%) of respondents were aged 35–44 years). Most (88.5%) of the respondents lack knowledge of ergonomics, 80.5% lacked formal training, though 83.6–88.3% identified risks from awkward and repetitive tasks. Attitudes were positive with 74.1% of respondents agreeing that ergonomics should be part of practice. Most (93.8%) respondents valued stretching, while practices were moderate (81.0%) changed positions regularly; 90.1% ensured good lighting). Significant associations were observed between each of KAP variables (p < 0.05), with select demographics (Age, Years of work experience and Job type). Conclusion: Although ergonomic knowledge remains limited, most auto-mechanic workmen display positive attitudes and fair ergonomic practices. The associations among KAP domains underscores the potential of targeted ergonomic education, low-cost tool adaptations, and integrated apprenticeship training to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders and enhance occupational health in Nigeria’s auto-mechanic sector in Benin City.

This project report presents the findings of a route survey conducted for the Evbhuku community road in Oredo Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The survey employed Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) technology. The primary goal was to collect accurate topographic and cadastral data required for designing a new road and determining the necessary Right-of-Way. Fieldwork was carried out using two Hi-Target V300 GNSS receivers operating in Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) mode. This setup was used to map a 2-kilometer proposed corridor connecting Obe, Evbhuku, and Amagba communities. Data collected included the road's centerline, ground elevations at 25-meter intervals, and the locations of all existing features and property encroachments. The collected data was processed using Autodesk Civil 3D software. This involved converting coordinates to the local map grid and creating a detailed digital model of the terrain. From this model, engineering drawings were produced, including road plans, elevation profiles, and cross-sections. The survey also calculated earthwork volumes, identifying a net requirement to excavate approximately 13,115 cubic meters of material. The results confirm the survey achieved the necessary accuracy for road design. A major finding was the identification of significant land encroachment by buildings and a market along the first 350 meters of the route, which must be resolved before construction can begin. This project provides the essential mapped foundation for the subsequent stages of the road's development.

Airborne bacterial contamination in student residential areas poses significant public health risks, particularly in densely populated university settings. This study evaluated the microbial quality of air in two student hostels, Ekosodin and Osasogie, at the University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria, over a three-week period. Air samples were collected and analyzed for total bacterial counts, cultural and biochemical characteristics, distribution patterns, frequency of occurrence, and antibiotic susceptibility profiles. The results revealed that Ekosodin generally exhibited higher bacterial loads, peaking at 5.4 ± 0.35 ×10³ CFU/m³ during Week 2, whereas Osasogie recorded the lowest load of 2.1 ± 0.20 ×10³ CFU/m³ in Week 3. Six bacterial species were isolated: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus sp. E. coli (25%) and S. aureus (20%) were the most frequently occurring isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin) and aminoglycosides (gentamicin and streptomycin) were the most effective against the isolates, while beta-lactams (ampicillin and amoxicillin) and cotrimoxazole showed widespread resistance. The Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) indices ranged from 0.00 (Bacillus sp.) to 0.40 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), highlighting the presence of multidrugresistant bacteria in the residential air. These findings underscore the need for improved ventilation, hygiene, and routine microbial monitoring in student residential facilities to mitigate the risks of airborne bacterial infections.

This study examined the contribution of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to the development of Ubiaja in Esan South-East Local Government Area of Edo State from 1999 to 2023. Despite the execution of various international development frameworks aimed at alleviating poverty and improving grassroots infrastructure across Nigeria, many rural and semi-urban communities continue to grapple with developmental deficits. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the localized impact of MDG and SDG projects on critical socioeconomic indicators—specifically healthcare, primary education, water supply, and economic empowerment—within the Ubiaja community over a twenty-four-year timeline. The study adopted a descriptive survey and retrospective evaluation research design. The target population consisted of residents, community leaders, and local government officials in Ubiaja. Primary data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), while secondary data were sourced from local government development plans, project tracking reports, and relevant academic literature. A total sample size of respondents was selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean scores, percentages, and frequency tables) and inferential statistics (such as Chi-Square or regression analysis) via the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), while qualitative insights were subjected to thematic analysis. The findings revealed that interventions under the MDGs (2000–2015) and SDGs (2015–2023) made notable contributions to Ubiaja, particularly through the renovation of primary classrooms, the provision of basic medical equipment to the General Hospital and Primary Health Centres, and the installation of solar-powered boreholes. However, the study established that the overall developmental impact was heavily constrained by systemic challenges, including poor maintenance culture, top-down project implementation without community consultation, lack of administrative synergy at the local government level, and project abandonment due to political transitions. Consequently, the transition from MDGs to SDGs showed a gap between global policy formulations and the actual realities of rural infrastructure sustainability in the locality. Based on these findings, the study concludes that while international goal-driven frameworks possess immense potential to accelerate grassroots growth, their success is ultimately dependent on institutional continuity and local accountability. Therefore, it is recommended that the Edo State Sustainable Development Goals office establish a strict monitoring and maintenance framework to protect existing infrastructure in Ubiaja. Furthermore, educational and political authorities should actively involve community stakeholders in the needs-assessment phase of future projects to guarantee cultural relevance, public ownership, and long-term sustainability

This study examined the Impact of Social Media on Drugs Usage among Youth: A Case Study of Upper Sakponba in Nigeria. The study sampled 395 respondents in Upper Sakponba, Benin City and was anchored on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Social Learning theories. The findings revealed that drugs usage among youth in Upper Sakponba, Benin City, Nigeria, is significantly correlated with social media, with Instagram serving as the main platform for drug-related content. The results show that easy access to drugs and cultural normalisation are major contributors to drug abuse, along with poverty, unemployment, peer pressure and a lack of parental guidance. The study further suggests that focused social media interventions, ethical influencer marketing, digital literacy courses and community-based projects. Stakeholders can encourage healthy lifestyles, offer counseling services and lower youth drug abuse by utilising social media platforms

The rapid growth of online food delivery platforms has introduced challenges in supporting multiple restaurants on a single system. This research proposes a multi-tenant backend system for food delivery platforms, enabling each restaurant to operate independently while sharing the same backend infrastructure. The system ensures that tenants maintain full control over orders, menus, and operational data, eliminating the risk of conflicts or data overlap. Unlike traditional single-tenant or loosely structured multi-vendor systems, this implementation ensures strong tenant isolation by design which means each restaurant experiences the system as if it were built specifically for them. All operations including order processing, background jobs, inventory updates, and notifications are executed in a tenant-aware context. This work contributes a practical approach for anyone building a multi-vendor platform and not just in food delivery but also in areas where clean isolation, predictable behavior, and efficient resource sharing are required.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis typically more common in low economic communities has shown a resurgence in non-endemic populations in recent years, a phenomenon that has been attributed to factors such as increased migration and the HIV epidemic. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a disseminated disease (likely to progress and spread from the lungs to involve other organs and systems, e.g the cardiac and the CNS), hence timely diagnosis of the disease is paramount. So it is important that radiologists and clinicians understand the typical distribution, patterns, and clinical manifestations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. A retrospective study of clinical and chest radiographic features of all 331 Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients diagnosed within june, 2024 and june, 2025 was carried out. at the end of the study analysis indicated a male predominance (63%) with a mean age of 48 years. Clinical symptoms like cough were most common (52%) but had low specificity for TB diagnosis. Radiographic findings revealed advanced disease, with fibro-cavitary changes in 31.4% and upper lobe involvement in 90.6% of cases. Clinical suspicion had a sensitivity of 78.6% but a specificity of only 36.1%, limiting its diagnostic accuracy. The study shows both the benefits and limitations associated with reliance on clinical manifestations of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) alone before further diagnosis and encourages combining clinical assessment with routine chest X-rays and improved diagnostic protocols for early and more accurate Tuberculosis detection

This study examines the Yorùbá concept of àyànmọ (destiny) as a possible solution to the enduring Western philosophical debate between free willist and determinist. The research aims to: conduct systematic assessment of Western metaphysical discourse on free will and determinism with Yorùbá ontological understanding of human agency and destiny; demonstrate how the traditional Western problem may be less inflexible when approached through the àyànmọ framework; explore opportunities for combining Western analytical rigor with Yorùbá practical wisdom; and contribute to comparative philosophy by showing how engagement with non-Western traditions mirrors hidden traditions in Western approaches. The research employs hermeneutical and critical analysis methodology, drawing upon Gadamerian concepts of "fusion of horizons" to conduct cross-cultural philosophical investigation. The approach combines interpretive understanding with rigorous evaluation, investigating the historical development and cultural embeddedness of concepts within both Western and Yorùbá frameworks while sustaining standards of logical coherence and practical relevance. The study reveals that àyànmọ, etymological meaning "that which one chooses and becomes fixed," presents a cultured understanding of agency through progressive pluralism that recognizes multiple levels of agency operating at the same time. The ori's prenatal choice creates parameters within which incarnate freedom functions through character development (ìwà), creating nested orders of agency that preserve both cosmic order and moral responsibility. The Yorùbá hierarchical ontology, extending from Olódùmarè (Supreme Being) through the òrìṣà (deities) to human beings, situates personal destiny within broader cosmic relationships. This framework addresses deterministic concerns about constraining circumstances while maintaining space for genuine moral achievement, demonstrating that Yorùbá philosophy offers valuable resources for contemporary philosophical discourse on human agency and moral responsibility

Introduction: Dysphagia is a prevalent and life-threatening condition after an acute stroke. It causes under-nutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia. Besides, while swallowing therapy is conventional, other therapies such as electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) are being researched on how they can boost swallowing recovery. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of EMS in conjunction with swallowing therapy and routine swallowing therapy among patients with dysphagia who had undergone acute stroke. Methods: This research involved a quasi-experimental study done at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Thirty-two patients who had undergone an acute stroke with dysphagia were chosen purposively into either the intervention group (n=22) or the control group (n=10). The intervention group underwent EMS treatment and routine swallowing therapy (swallowing exercises, positioning, and diet modification) for four weeks, while the control group had routine swallowing therapy alone. Evaluation of swallowing function before and at the end of four weeks was done using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). Results: Highly significant improvement was observed among the intervention group participants (p < 0.001) as compared to the improvement among the control group participants (p = 0.011). Nonetheless, the Mann-Whitney U-test indicated a statistical significance between the final FOIS scores of both groups (U = 64.00; p = 0.043). In terms of their final FOIS scores, the intervention group had a mean score of 5.55 ± 1.47 while the control group had a mean score of 3.80 ± 2.25. Conclusion: From the results of this research, it can be concluded that routine swallow therapy is effective while the use of EMS yields significantly better results for swallowing function among patients with stroke-related dysphagia. Key Words: Stroke, Dysphagia, EMS, Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS).

This study investigated the influence of social media on sports participation among student athletes of the University of Benin. Specifically, it examined the relationship between social media use and sports participation, gender, age, and level of study on the student athlete. A correlation research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised of 254 registered student athletes of the University of Benin during the 2024/2025 academic session, and the entire population was used as the sample. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire titled “Social Media and Sports Participation among Student Athletes of the University of Benin.” The instrument was validated by experts in Human Kinetics and a reliability of .719 was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there was no significant relationship between social media use and sports participation among student athletes of the University of Benin. Furthermore, social media use did not significantly influence sports participation based on gender, age, or level of study. It was therefore concluded that social media use does not significantly affect sports participation among student athletes at the University of Benin. It was recommended, among others, that student athletes should maintain a balanced use of social media to avoid distractions and continue active participation in sports.