2023

Radon is an odourless, invisible, radioactive gas naturally released from rocks, soils and water. Radon can get into homes and buildings through small cracks or holes and build up in the air. Over time, breathing in high levels of radon can cause lung cancer. Radon-222 is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that accounts for approximately half of the human annual background radiation exposure globally. Chronic exposure to radon and its decay products is estimated to be the second leading cause of lung cancer behind smoking (WHO, 2009; UNSCEAR 2000). Ionizing radiation emitted as a result of much energy from radon and its progeny can induce variety of cytogenetic effects that can be biologically damaging and results in an increased risk of carcinogenesis (The process in which normal cell are transformed into cancer cell). Suggested effects of alpha particle emission from Radon include mutation, chromosome aberrations, generation of reactive oxygen species, modification of cell cycle, up or down regulation of cytokines and the increased production of proteins associated with cell- cycle regulation and the transformation of normal cell into cancer cells. The Environmental Protection Agency recommends 148 Bq/m3 as the action level. On the other hand, International Commission for Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommends 200 Bq/m3 as the action level, while WHO recommended 100Bq/m3 as action level. The main objective of this study is focuse on how radon is established as a health hazard, its effects on cellular metabolism and energy production, and the potential of radon as a therapeutic agent for metabolism disorder, way of radon detection and measurements, methods of reducing and controlling high indoor radon concentration, and what are the recommended international action levels of radon concentrations. It mainly focuses on the health perspective of radon studies because it is a crucial and hot issue in the world today. In most developing countries like Nigeria, radon studies are not well investigated and the high mortality rate of lung cancer is of the increase.

For its bio- and environmentally friendly properties, low cost, and relative abundance, clay has become increasingly relevant and used. Based on their components and layer patterns, clay minerals have a variety of morphological and physicochemical characteristics., in addition to its well-established uses in adsorbent development, water treatment, and construction. In order to determine whether clay samples from the Ikpeshi town in the Akoko-Edo LGA could be used in an industrial process, its physical and chemical characteristics were examined. The study involved the analysis of elemental content, mineral constituent, functional groups of compounds content, surface morphology, and thermal stability with EDXRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, BET and TGA respectively. Results revealed that the sample was kaolinite with SiO2 45.116 wt%, and Al2O3 20.39 wt% as the most predominant elements. Wave numbers of 909.47043cm-1 to 998.92654cm-1 with bold peaks revealed the presence of SiO4-4. The overall study revealed
kaolinite characteristics and strong thermal stability thus possesses properties for clay suitable for lining furnace kilns.

This study was aimed at ascertaining the influence of instructional materials on the achievement of the Junior Secondary School Students in English language. In order to achieve the intended objectives of the study, five research questions was raised and two hundred and forty (240) respondents drawn from the students in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State were used. The descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. The tool utilized to collect the ata was a self-made questionnaire. Utilizing an expert approach, the instrument was verified. When the instrument's reliability was tested using the Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained, indicating that the instrument was trustworthy. requency and a straightforward percentage were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that textbooks, dictionaries, tape recorders, charts, computers, televisions, posters, and radios are among the instructional tools accessible in the studied schools in the Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo state for the teaching and learning of English. One of the main issues with the use of instructional resources in the teaching and learning of English language is that the majority of students are unfamiliar with how to use them. Based on the finding of the suggests the following: the government should provide adequate instructional materials for effective teaching and learning to take place. Teachers should receive education and training on how to use a variety of instructional materials especially the novel ones.

This project addresses the critical need for efficient and accessible water pumping solutions in various applications, particularly in contexts with limited access to conventional power sources. Water pumping systems are integral to industries ranging from agriculture to disaster relief. However, challenges such as power dependency, infrastructure limitations, and environmental concerns persist. This project introduces a transformative approach by integrating a hand drill as the primary power source within a centrifugal pump system. This innovative solution leverages the portability, affordability, and versatility of this device, making it a practical and cost-effective alternative. The hand drill-powered system eliminates the reliance on electricity or fuel, enhancing accessibility in remote or emergency situations. In addition to its applicability in car washes, low volume irrigation, and medical microfluidics, this project extends its impact to various fields, including agriculture, disaster relief, and remote research stations. It offers a sustainable, portable, and environmentally responsible water pumping solution that aligns with modern needs. By combining the convenience of hand drills with the efficiency of centrifugal pumps, this project represents a significant advancement in water pumping technology.

The study was undertaken to examine the impact of Human capital development on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2021.The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of human capital development has on the growth dynamics of the Nigerian economy. The study adopted the autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL), unit root and co-integration using EVIEWS 9 toanalyse among the variables using time series data on government expenditure on education (GEE), government expenditure onhealth (GEH), population growth (POPGR) and government expenditure on social community services (GESCS) as proxies for human capital development, and gross domestic product (GDP) as proxy for economic growth. The results reveal that increases inhuman capital increases economic growth in Nigeria. and health sectors of the economy. The study recommend that the government and policy makers should increase its total expenditure on education, ensure sufficient budgetary allocation on health expenditure, and ensure a standard is set across all educational institutions in the country so that proper human capital required for any individual to become productive and economic growth is enhanced.

This research was conducted to examine the coverage of new CBN policy on redesigned naira note, by select mainstream newspapers in Nigeria. Its aim were to, ascertain the level of coverage given to CBN new policy on redesigned naira note, find out what prominence was given to new CBN policy on redesigned naira note, ascertain the possible position of newspapers in the newspaper reportage of CBN policy on redesigned naira note, determine the pattern of reports given to reportage on new CBN policy on redesigned naira note and lastly ascertain the frequency of stories on the CBN policy on redesigned naira note. The content analysis method was adopted to carefully collect data from newspaper stories published from October 26, 2022 to February 2023. A total of 71 editions of both vanguard and guardian newspapers, were collated and analyzed. The study was anchored on the Agenda setting theory and the media dependency theory. The findings of the research revealed that; Media organizations in Nigeria, gave a high level of reportage on CBN policy on redesigned naira note, media organizations did not give prominence to the reportage of activities on CBN policy on redesigned naira note, media organizations failed in their correlation or interpretative function as most of the items on the subject matter were reported as straight news, newspapers in Nigeria were not frequent enough with the reportage of CBN policy on redesigned naira note, media organizations is on the negative stand point on the issue of CBN policy on redesigned naira note, media organizations, covered more items on criticism and reactions of the public on the policy. The researcher however recommends that; Media organizations should avoid adding too much emotions to their new stories, so that the audience will not get too emotional and miss the message, on issues of government policies, media organizations, should be more frequent in the reportage of stories, that has to do with policies at its early stage, rather than engaging in the rush hour approach, to ensure proper understanding, more media practitioners should be trained on financial analysis, so that when any policy that has to do with finance, is made by the government, they will be able to conduct proper analysis on it, while trying to represent the public, on issues of government policies, the media should place more focus on stories that will enlighten the members of the public rather than projecting stories of attack and problems emanating from the policy, the media should try as much as possible to be on a neutral position and uphold truth and accuracy, so that they will not present the government in a bad light.

This study examined emotional exhaustion and deviant workplace behaviour among university lecturers, using the University of Benin and Benson Idahosa University, Benin city, Edo state. Specifically, the study aimed at ascertaining the level of emotional exhaustion, and deviant workplace behaviour among the University lecturers, while also ascertaining the linear relationship or the extent at which deviant workplace behaviour impacts on the emotional exhaustion of lecturers. The study adopted a survey research design which entail the use of structured questionnaire in obtaining responses from a study population. A total of 150 copies of questionnaire were distributed to lecturers in the selected institutions, out of which 126 were recovered and used form for the analysis. The data so obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; simple percentage and frequency, and mean; while the linear regression model was employed in ascertaining the relationship between the study variables. The data were analyzed via the statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Findings obtained after due analysis of the data retrieved from the research instrument showed that; University lecturers have a high level of emotional exhaustion. They often feel emotionally drained, used up, fatigued, burned out, frustrated and stressed out from their jobs. This most times is closely associated with the nature and myriad of workloads that are encumbered with. The study therefore recommends that Universities should prioritize the mental health and well-being of their lecturers. They should establish and promote mental health programs, counselling services, and stress management workshops to help lecturers cope with emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, they should create a supportive environment where they can seek help and guidance when needed. University authorities should conduct regular assessments of lecturer workloads and ensure they are reasonable and manageable. They should consider hiring more faculty or providing additional resources to reduce the burden on lecturers.

In kernel density estimation, the choice of kernel plays a crucial role in accurately
estimating the underlying probability density function. This project focuses on
comparing three commonly used kernels: Gaussian, Epanechnikov, and Biweight. The objective is to plot a graph that visually demonstrates the differences between these kernels and evaluate their efficiency using the mean square error metric. First, the theoretical foundations of kernel density estimation are explored, emphasizing the importance of choosing an appropriate kernel. The Gaussian kernel, known for its smoothness and symmetry, is widely used due to its
desirable properties. The Epanechnikov kernel, with its compact support and
optimal bias-variance trade-off, is another popular choice. Lastly, the Biweight
kernel, which balances robustness and efficiency, is considered. To compare these kernels, a graph is plotted to visualize their shapes and characteristics. This graphical representation allows for a clear understanding of how each kernel affects the density estimation. Additionally, the mean square error metric is employed to quantitatively assess the efficiency of each kernel. By calculating the squared differences between the estimated density and the true density, the mean square error provides a measure of accuracy. Through this analysis, valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each kernel can be gained. The graph and mean square error comparisons reveal how the choice of kernel impacts the estimated density function. This information can guide researchers and practitioners in selecting the most suitable kernel for their specific applications. Overall, this project contributes to a deeper understanding of the choice of kernel in kernel density estimation. By focusing on the Gaussian, Epanechnikov, and Biweight kernels, both their graphical representations and efficiency evaluations shed light on their performance in estimating probability density functions

Sports facilities and equipment are key in ensuring proper training and improving the performance levels of athletes and other sports participants. This study was carried out to assess the provision and utilisation of sports facilities as determinants of success in selected competitive sports. The University of Benin was selected as the study area and the adequacy and quality level of
available facilities and equipment for various sports was assessed. The survey research design was employed and data was collected from a total of 100 participants using structured questionnaires designed by the researcher. Data collected was analysed using simple frequencies and percentages and presented in tables. The results of the study revealed that inadequate facilities for sporting activities cause a lack of interest in participation and that modification of certain equipment to suit the needs of the athlete can improve performances. It has also been revealed that supervision of training using facilities, maintenance and repair of equipment contribute to better performance in competitive sports. Generally, there is an indication that the availability of adequate sporting facilities and equipment is essential for success in competitive sports. The facilities for most sports were
judged to be inadequate. However, the quality of the available facilities was deemed to be generally good. Based on the findings of the study, it is therefore concluded that the provision
and utilisation of sports facilities is a determinant of success in selected competitive sports.

The Implementation of electronic health records (EHRs) has gained significance in
improving healthcare delivery globally. This study aims to conduct a comparative study on the implementation of EHRs in the private and public sectors for health care delivery in Edo state, Nigeria. The general objective of this study was to assess the role and implementation of electronic health record to selected private and public sector for healthcare delivery in Edo state. The research was to explore the current state of EHR implementation in both sectors, identify the barriers and challenges faced during implementation, and analyze the impact of EHRs on healthcare quality and efficiency in Edo state. A mixed-methods research approach was employed, incorporating quantitative data collection through surveys and qualitative data collection through interviews and focus. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of EHR implementation in the private and public sectors in Edo state and will inform policymakers and healthcare professionals on best practices and strategies to maximize the benefits of EHR adoption for improved healthcare delivery in Edo state, Nigeria. Specifically, it recommended that the selected health institutions both public and private should ensure the availability of finances, adequate staff training in the technical know-how of the technological advancement, also be technical infrastructures and manpower like electronic record managers, ICT support staff and computer medical devices. This research will contribute to the existing literature on EHR in the context private and
public health care delivery in Edo state and Nigeria, where few research has been conducted on this topic