2021

negative impacts on the two. Environmental disaster of varying origin from man-made to natural is one of the most negative effects of the built environment on man. An assessment of the magnitude of these disasters and an evaluation of the existing capacities to prevent, mitigate or prepare for them are necessary tools to provide future safe living for man in his built environment. Building collapse established to be caused by many factors is one of such disasters wielding its great impact of loss of lives and properties on man. This study evaluated the causes of building collapse in Edo State by identifying the major causes of collapse, assessing its effect, and also assessing the roles of government and construction professionals in mitigating the occurrence of building collapse in Edo State. The method use to carry out this study involves laboratory analysis of the materials harvested from the different building collapse sites, structural analysis of the collapse building and distribution of questionnaires to gather information relevant to the study. The study indicated that the causes of building failure and collapse stem principally from poor structural designs of buildings, low compressive strength of blocks, poor supervision, inexperience (use of incompetent hands), ignorance, evasion/non-compliance with building regulations and non-enforcement of building quality, standard and control on construction site/market. After identifying the major causes of collapse, this study concludes with necessary recommendations to prevent and stop further occurrence of building collapse in Edo State.

The pursuance and attainment of knowledge, which is an essential aspect of living is more
effectual when carried out under a comfortable and suitable environment. A studio being the
private workshop of an artist, when lacking the needed facilities and apparatus of learning, could
generally impede creativity and artistry.
This project was carried out by the 400 level 2020/2021 graduating students in the Textile
Section in the Department of Fine and Applied Art in the University of Benin. This was
embarked upon basically to tackle the problems of inadequate working facilities such as furniture
and electrical fittings in the textile studio.
It is a communal effort geared towards actualizing and leaving a legacy for the University which
has been noted for training artists for decades and it is expected that the final outcome will help
engage and explore present and future students’ creative abilities and potentials

This study, anchored on the tenets of cultivation and uses and gratification theories, investigated the influence of the Big Brother Naija reality television show on the lifestyle of youth in Edo State. The study became necessary following the assumption that Big Brother Naija show has the abilities to positively or negatively influence viewership. Thus, four hundred (400) youth, selected to reflect and represent the eighteen (18) Local Government Area (LGA) of Edo State, comprised the sample of this study. The sample was selected through purposive, stratified random and random sampling techniques. An eleven (11) item questionnaire was used to generate data from the sample. Data generated were analyzed and presented
with the aid of frequency tables, simple percentage and mean score. Findings show that the extent to which youth are exposed to Big Brother Naija Show is very high. It was also revealed that the attitude of youth in Edo State towards Big Brother Naija show is very strong. It was also found that youth utilize the show for entertainment, education, information and socialization. However, they are mostly entertained from watching the show. The study concluded that the Influence of Big Brother Naija Reality Television Show on youth is more negative than positive. It concluded that the show remains a formidable force in molding the lifestyle of youth in Edo State. It was therefore recommended that since reality shows such as Big Brother Naija has serious influence on youth, they must observe caution while watching the programmes so that they don’t get addicted to the programme or it doesn’t affect their lifestyle negatively.

This paper examines the impact of value added tax and budget deficit on economic performance in Nigeria. The main objective of this study is to examine the interrelationship among value added tax, budget deficit and economic performance proxied as gross domestic product (GDP) in Nigeria during the period under study. The study utilized aggregate annual data from 1980 to 2018. The data was analyzed with the co-integration/ VECM method. The major findings are: the test for stationary using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) which showed that all the variables except budget deficit were not stationary in levels but were all stationary in first difference. The Johansen-Juselius co-integration techniques were employed in testing for long run equilibrium
relationship among the variables and the results indicated that co-integrating relationship was found among the variables. The coefficient of determination reveals that about 88% of the systematic variation in the dependent variable (GDP) is explained by the five independent variables which are value added tax, budget deficit, exchange rate, consumer price index and real interest rate. Also, the vector error correction model (VECM) shows that about 22% of the discrepancy between the actual and the long run or equilibrium value in the real gross domestic product is corrected or eliminated each year. Furthermore, the result revealed that value added tax, budget deficit, and exchange rate has positive and insignificant effect on GDP in Nigeria, while consumer price index has positive and significant impact on GDP in Nigeria based on the magnitude and the level of significance of the coefficient and p-value. The result also reveals that there is long run relationship between value added tax, budget deficit and gros domestic product as evidenced by the VECM. The paper concluded that Government and policy makers should carefully study the present state of the economy and properly estimate the effects of various alternative policy measures of financing fiscal deficits. And also government should supervise the collection of VAT revenue to ensure orderly, fair and equitable dealings in the collection of VAT revenue and to forestall illegal deals by privilege insiders so as to raise the revenue as effectively and efficiently as possible.

The study examined The Availability of teachers' and students' academic Performance in junior secondary schools in Oredo Local
Government Area of Edo State. To guide this study six(6) research questions were raised and two (2) hypothesis were formulated. The population of the study consist of the thirteen (13) public secondary school students' in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State with a total of three hundred and thirty nine (339) teachers. The sample of the study was 68 teachers from (2) public junior secondary schools in the Local Government. The research instrument used to collect data for the study was a checklist. The validity of instrument was ascertained by the researcher’s supervisor and the check list was analyzed using simple percentage, and chi- Square statistics. The findings revealed that qualifications of teachers in Junior secondary schools is above NCE qualification which showed that majority of teachers in the junior public secondary schools are qualified. Also this study revealed that majority of the students in the junior Secondary schools in Oredo local government area have pass in both mathematics and English
language this indicated that the level of academic performance in the junior Secondary schools in Oredo local government area is high. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that principals should ensure that potentials of the teachers are well harnessed and utilized to reflect the true picture of their quality in the academic performance of students, Students must also ensure they continue to be hard working to improve on their performance in the school in order to secure a bright future for themselves.

In Nigeria, a borehole is one of the best means of obtaining clean water in field condition. However, field operations in remote areas or in difficult conditions often require flexibility and imagination in avoiding and solving technical problems. The automated borehole regulator serves as a means to control the pumping of water between predefined upper and lower limits. This system mainly works on a principle that “water conducts electricity”. 5 wires are dipped into the tank with a certain gap between each wire will indicate the different water levels. Based on the outputs of these wires, microcontroller displays water level using LEDs as well as controls the flow of water by controlling the motor of the pump. In the 1st phase, the program is burnt into the microcontroller, and the 5 copper wires are used to indicate water level, and a motor controls the flow of water. An increase in the water level is determined by the wires, and the signal is sent to the microprocessor and afterwards displayed on the LCD screen. The overall system testing of integrated design of voltage measurement device. The testing and integration are done to ensure that the design is functioning properly as expected thereby enabling the intended user(s) for which the project was targeted for, appreciate its implementation and equally approaches used in the design and integration of various modules of the project.

The adsorption of crystal violet from textile waste water onto carbon produced from sawdust that was activated by phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide was an experiment that was carried out under room temperature. Adsorption is a separation process where the molecules of a solute in an aqueous solution are adsorbed to the surface of another molecule. The materials used for this experiment are phosphoric acid, potassium hydroxide, crystal violet dye, distilled water and activated carbon made from sawdust. In order to obtain the aim of the experiment, different experiment were performed which are; effect of initial concentration, effect of adsorbent dosage, effect of contact time, effect of temperature and adsorption isotherms were studied in order to find out the activating agent which best fit for the removal of the crystal violet. The percentage removal of the crystal violet was calculated to be 86.03% and 86.50% for the basic and acidic activating agents respectively for the adsorbent dosage experiment. Also, the determination coefficient value, R2 for the acid treated sawdust activated carbon for Langmuir isotherms was 0.9992, maximum adsorption capacity, QO was 29.1545mg/g and the dimensionless separation parameters, RL was found to be favorable with value 0.0448. In conclusion, the acid activated carbon was found to be more effective in the removal of crystal violet when compared to the alkaline activated carbon since its R2 value is higher.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder defined by increased levels of circulating blood sugar (hyperglycemia) caused by abnormal insulin secretion and/or signaling. Diabetes mellitus is divided into type 1 and type 2, a division that reflects the cause
of the metabolic Dysfunction. There is increasing evidence that complications related to diabetes are associated with oxidative stress, induced by the generation of free radicals. The plant, Phyllanthus amarus have antidiabetic and antioxidant
properties. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster is a highly suitable system to model type 2 diabetes because mechanisms of glucose homeostasis are conserved between flies and humans, and it allows for substantial ease of experimental and
genetic manipulation in comparison to rodent models. This study was done to find out the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of P. Amarus in Type 2 diabetic D.melanogaster flies. Both genders of D.melanogaster flies (Harwich strain) of 1-3 days old were divided into four groups with each group containing 50 flies. Group 1 served as control and the flies were treated with basal diet. Group 2 flies were fed with 30% high sucrose diet. Group 3 flies were fed with 30% high sucrose diet and 40Mm P. amarus. Group 4 flies were fed with 30% high sucrose diet and 40mM silymarin. The flies were monitored under a natural photoperiod of about 12 hours light and 12 hours dark daily for a period of 21 days and was replicated 5 times. The flies were monitored daily and the survival was done.

Cases of dental and skeletal fluorosis have been reported in children especially in low income earning countries and this has been a major problem as documented in recent studies. Clay is an adsorbent material that is cheap and readily available relative to other industrially synthesized adsorbents and its properties has been explored by recent researchers. This study aims at assessing the adsorptive properties of raw and modified edible clay on fluoride from solution. The effect of concentration, adsorbent
dosage, and time and isotherm studies were conducted using standard procedures documented in literatures. From the result, activated edible clay had the highest percentage removal at 15 minutes with a value of 95.37%, 96.74% at a concentration of 50mg/L of fluoride, and 96.92% at an adsorbent dosage of 1.3g. The raw edible clay showed maximum adsorption at 25 minutes, at maximum concentration of 30mg/L fluoride, and at a dosage of 1.3g with values of 93.98%, 96.63%, and 96.34% respectively. The adsorption does not follow a monolayer coverage as the data could not fit into the Langmuir and Freundlich’s isotherms. These values indicate that the raw and oxalic acid modified clay are good adsorbents for the removal of fluoride from solution.

This study investigated the influence of school enrollment on teacher’s effectiveness in senior secondary school in Oredo local government area in Edo state. three research question were raised to guide the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted to accomplish the purpose of the study. The population of the study consists of all 602 teachers from fourteen (14) public secondary school in Oredo LGA and the sample size of all fifty (50) accessible secondary school teachers were selected for the study. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire developed by the researcher and was validated by the researcher’s supervisor and two other experts from the Department of educational management the reliability coefficient was 0.81using Cronbach Alpha correlation coefficient method. The data collected were analyzed statistically using the statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) software. The study revealed impact of school enrolment on teacher’s effectiveness is to a high extent and that school enrolment affect teacher’s impact on students’ academic achievement is to a high extent. Finally, the study recommend that since education is a core to national development, government should therefore increases it allocation of fund to the educational sector in order to curb the issues of overpopulation in classrooms and school enrollment and since most parent might be unable to build new schools, they should ensure that their child are given extracurricular lesson, this will help them learn better