2021

Azanza garckeana is a tropical wild plant that is found in Africa. It produces edible fruits that are used as food or herbal medicine. The fruits are used for the treatment of anemia, malaria, liver problems and infertility. This study was aimed at determining the effect of the aqueous-methanol pulp extract of Azanza garckeana fruits on biochemical, haematological and histopathological parameters of male Wistar albino rats. The effect of the pulp extract on sex hormones was ascertained and the bioactive compounds present in the pulp and seeds of Azanza garckeana fruits were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Twenty-four (24) male Wistar albino rats were used for the study and grouped into four groups with six rats per group; Group 1 (control) and three dose groups of 50, 300 and 2000 mg/kg body weight. The animals were acclimatized for two weeks. Those in the test groups were orally administered the aqueous-methanol pulp extract of Azanza garckeana fruits for twenty-eight (28) days. Analyses of biochemical, haematological and histopathological parameters, as well as sex hormone assessment were carried out using standard methods. Methanol and aqueous extracts of the pulverized pulp and seeds of the fruits were used for GC-MS analysis.
Results obtained from this study revealed no significant change (p > 0.05) between the control and test groups in the biochemical parameters assessed except for creatinine levels for 300 and 2000mg/kg bodyweight test groups, which significantly increased (p< 0.05) compared to control. The platelet crit, platelet count and RDW values were the only haematological parameters that were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the control. Histopathological study of the following organ; liver, kidney, heart, colon and testes showed no abnormalities in both test and control groups. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the sex hormone progesterone at 300 and 2000mg/kg body weight test groups was observed. GC-MS analysis of the pulp and seeds of Azanza garckeana fruits revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds such as 5hydroxymethyl furfural, hexadecanoic acid, octadecane, heneicosane, heptacosane with varying medicinal properties. The consumption of Azanza garckeana fruits can be considered safe with no adverse effect. Moreover, identification of several bioactive compounds with medicinal properties that are present in the pulp and seeds of Azanza garckeana fruits gives credence to their ethnomedicinal uses.

This research investigated the effect of the lack of adequate training and practical facilities and how it affects vocational and technical education. a case study of university of Benin Education students in Edo State. Four research questions were raised. Some of the factor investigated include lack of equipment and facilities, how inadequate and incompetent technical teachers affect vocational and technical education, the trends in policymaking, planning & implementation of vocational and technical education Programmes and how inadequate funding affects vocational and technical education. The purpose of the study was to examine find out the effect of lack of adequate training facilities that does not make student learn the practical aspect of vocational and technical education The objective was achieved by analyzing the data obtained on the sampled population, using survey research design and interval or systematic random sampling techniques. The sample consists of 100 students drawn from Business education in the University of Benin, Edo State. The instrument used for the survey is a questionnaire, which has two sections (A and B) and 20 items. Analysis of the data revealed that lack of equipment and facilities affect vocational and technical education, Inadequate and incompetent technical teachers affect vocational and technical education, there is no consideration in policymaking, planning & implementation of vocational and technical education Programmes and Inadequate funding affects vocational and technical education. From the above findings, conclusion were drawn and some recommendations were made which include that both government and private sectors should provide equipment and facilities in vocational and technical school for the acquisition of skills and that government and other education stakeholders should make sure that educational programmes at all levels of education are made relevant to provide youth and graduates needed vocational and technical skills.

Palm wine is a beverage both alcoholic and non-alcoholic depending on whether fermentation has commerce. Some tropical plants including; date palm(Phoenix dactylifera), coconut palm ( cocos nucifera), nipa palm(nypa fruticans), kithulpalm and raffia palm (Raphia), and palm tree(Elaeis guineensis). The palm wine used was from freshly tapped palm tree (Elaeis guineensis), samples of which where obtained from Uhe and Ugbeghe both in Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Area in Edo. The samples were collected in clean sterile bottles and kept in a cooler containing ice block, and taken to the laboratory where selected physicochemical properties of the palm wine samples were examined. The examined physicochemical properties including; pH, specific gravity, alcohol levels, and mineral elements contents were investigated using standard methods. Qualitative analysis of alkaloids, saponnis, phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinone, terpenoids and Tanins in the palm wine studied was carried out using standard method. It was gathered from result that the pH values of the 4 samples ranges from 5.10 – 5.21, 4.18 – 4.04, 3.56 – 3.07, and 3.90 to 3.63 from1to5hrsinterval. Specific gravity (NTU) were 1.20, 1.14, 1.23 and 1.96 Electrical conductivity (μScm-1) were 0.36x104, 0.34x104, 0.31x104 and 0.33x104 in all samples. The alcohol content range were 3.7% - 3.2%., 4.3%- 3.9%, 4.9%-4.5%, 5.3% - 4.9% and 5.9% - 5.3%. Findings also indicate the following respective values for the examined mineral elements; Ca [1.3-0.5], Zn[0.04-0.13], mg [1.58-1.51], Fe [0.37-0.41], Cu [0.15-0.08], K[1.46-1.42] ppm. It was also observed that the following phytochemicals were present in the studied palm wine alkaloids, saponnis, phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinone, terpenoids. However Tanins was not observed. From findings, it would appear that the consumption of palm wine will help meet the dietary needs in the examined nutritional induces.

This study was embarked on to appraise the Impact of Poor Communication Skills on Teaching and Learning in Adult Education Centres in Benin Metropolis, Edo State. The specific objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of poor communication skills on the teaching and learning process with a view to proffering solutions to the problems identified. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of Students, Facilitators, as well as participants of the programme in Benin Metropolis. The sample size for the study was 60 respondents drawn through simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for collection of data for the study was a questionnaire and it was validated by the Researcher’s Supervisor and two other lecturers in the Department of Adult and Non-formal Education, Faculty of Education, University of Benin. The findings from the study indicate that poor communication skills in Adult Education Centres impede the learners’ learning skills. The main causes of poor communication skills is due to learners poor learning background, lack of motivation from surroundings, negative attitudes of learners during classroom activities, unconducive environment for teaching and learning, incompetent and unqualified instructors. For these identified causes to be dealt with and for good communication skills to take place, Learners should have an open mind towards their learning, adequate and highly qualified instructors who communicate in clear terms should be recruited and made use of so that learners can acquire the best.

This research examined how face threatening acts (FTAs) are mitigated with politeness strategies and mitigation devices during postgraduate seminar presentations in the University of Benin. The data for this study were collected using field notes, and an audio recorder to capture the seminar presentations in five faculties. These faculties were randomly sampled from the fifteen faculties in the University, and they include Faculty of Arts, Faculty of Physical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Management ciences, and Faculty of Engineering. From these five faculties, the following departments were selected: English and Literature, History, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Accounting, Business Administration, Mass Communication, Production Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Pharmacy, Banking and Finance, Economics, Marketing, Statistics, and Linguistics. Also, the data for the study are analysed using the Brown and Levinson Politeness Theory. Focusing on four types of politeness superstrategies and itigation devices, the study has found that regardless of the power-distance relationship between students and lecturers, lecturers tend to be cognisant of the face wants of the presenters as evidenced by the use of negative politeness and off record superstrategies, which both occur as the most used face threat mitigating strategies in the postgraduate seminar presentations.

The levels of serum biochemical indices have a direct association with the status and performance of animals at every given stage of its life. The current study was carried out in the University of teaching and research farm, Benin City to evaluate the relationship between some breed of rabbit, some biochemical parameters and weight of kits. The experimental animals were Dutch and Zealand white rabbits. The design used for the experiment was Completely Randomized Design. Biochemical parameters measured where body weight of kits ALP, ALT and AST levels. The data collected were subjected to one way statistical analysis of variance. The results showed that ALP, ALT and AST levels were significantly affected (P<0.05) by breeds of rabbits. Dutch does had higher values for ALP (20U/L), ALT (17U/L) and AST (12.5U/L) compared to NewZealand does which recorded lowest for ALP (15U/L), ALT (5U/L) and AST (6U/L). All measured biochemical parameters of Dutch and NewZealand does had no significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight of kits. Body weight of NewZealand kits were numerically but not statistically higher than Dutch kits. The results showed that NewZealand kits recorded highest for body weight at week 6 (551.67), week 7 (576.67), week 8 (604.00), week 9 (631.67) and week 10 (641.67) compared to Dutch kits which recorded lowest for body weight at 6th (506.67), 7th 548.00), 8th (575.00), 9th (595.83 + 30.25) and 10th week (635.33) respectively. It was obtain from this study that the breed of an animal can significantly affect the levels of some biochemical parameters such as ALP, ALT and AST. Recommended as a result of this study is that NewZealand rabbits should be the genotype of choice for broiler rabbit production and the nee for more needed attention to be paid to the biochemical indices in animals

This study comparatively explores the impact of intervention programs in response to patients with substance use disorders. The study uses the Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Uselu, Benin City as its focus of study. Four well-structured research questions were formulated and sixteen questions were administered to the respondent to collect response from them, the population for the study include staff comprising Doctors, Nurses, Psychiatric and Counsellor at the Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Uselu, Benin City. To conduct the study, a total of 100 respondents were drawn. The respondents were chosen using the simple random sampling technique from the targeted population. The result of the study shows that the problem of substance disorder affects all parts of the country and that there are intervention program that have been put in place to address the issue. However, it was found that more work still need to be done in bringing this issue to rest. Thus, it was the recommended that the government and all citizens alike should join hands together in addressing the menace of substance use disorder. Regular and frequent substance-use training based on Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) for primary healthcare workers who provide care for victims should be conducted. The government and all those involved in addressing the issue of substance disorder should adopt the early intervention policy. Adequate funding and equipment should be provided for the treatment of substance use disorder.

Globally, health care sector is the pivot and integral part of human lives. Thus, any error committed in the clinical services might leads to defect or termination of life. Recently, information and Communication has been used extensively to improve the various operations and services in the field of the health care service. Patient appointment scheduling with the Doctor is one of the clinical services that have been automated. In developing counties like Nigeria, the clinical system is faced with plethora of issues. These include: long waiting of patient, queues, congestion of patient over a long period of time without been attended to. This paper focuses on developing a system to improve upon the efficiency and quality of delivering. The proposed algorithm eliminates the manual system of registration and its drawbacks, by implementing a simple round robin (RR) architecture in real time system which introduce a concept of assigning different time quantum to different funds of RR scheduling algorithm. functionalities of registration of patient data in the database and scheduling of patient. The system is designed to enable a more efficient patient clinic section with an improved organization setting by maximizing the throughput. Minimize the time between a patient and doctor, the time spent in the waiting queue will be minimized. minimizing response to a patient, increasing the number of patients attended to and also Improve work efficiency.

The monitoring activities adopted in various forest operations in Edo State were investigated in this study. The relevant issues related to the monitoring methods adopted, personnel involved, impacts and challenges of the monitoring methods adopted was studied with the aid of questionnaire. The result showed that there were significant differences among the agents involved in forest monitoring (P<0.05) and further analysis with LSD identified State Department of Forest (SDF) as the most dominant. The result revealed that both operational and strategic monitoring method is being adopted (85.5%), and there were significant difference among the adopted methods in operational and strategic method (P<0.05), further analysis identified patrol for monitoring log movement, and goal-oriented method as most dominant respectively. The result also revealed that the participatory method in forest monitoring is main professional-based and locally-based, 53.63% and 30.43% respectively. It revealed that there was no significant difference among the participation of local members in participatory forest monitoring (P<0.05). It reveal also that there were significant difference
among the challenges on proper forest monitoring (P<0.05) and further analysis with LSD identified inadequate manpower, underfunding and insecurity as the most dominant. It was observed that there was no significant difference among the impacts of the monitoring methods adopted in the State’s forest estate.