DESIGN

This project addresses the critical need for efficient and accessible water pumping solutions in various applications, particularly in contexts with limited access to conventional power sources. Water pumping systems are integral to industries ranging from agriculture to disaster relief. However, challenges such as power dependency, infrastructure limitations, and environmental concerns persist. This project introduces a transformative approach by integrating a hand drill as the primary power source within a centrifugal pump system. This innovative solution leverages the portability, affordability, and versatility of this device, making it a practical and cost-effective alternative. The hand drill-powered system eliminates the reliance on electricity or fuel, enhancing accessibility in remote or emergency situations. In addition to its applicability in car washes, low volume irrigation, and medical microfluidics, this project extends its impact to various fields, including agriculture, disaster relief, and remote research stations. It offers a sustainable, portable, and environmentally responsible water pumping solution that aligns with modern needs. By combining the convenience of hand drills with the efficiency of centrifugal pumps, this project represents a significant advancement in water pumping technology

The power supply in developing countries is practically low owing to the inability of public power plants to meet the demand of its population and this has brought in the need for an alternative source of electrical power. Where this is the case, a transfer switch is needed to transfer the supply of power from the different sources to the load. A manual transfer switch requires that a user effects the overall process of power changeover from the different supply sources to the load and this could become cumbersome hence, the need for an automatic transfer switch. The objective of this design centers on sensing the primary/main power supply source, to startup
the secondary power source (generator) when the main power supply source fails, shutdown the generator when the main power supply source is restored, to startup the secondary power source when power fluctuations from the main power supply source is detected and to automatically transfer the load to the available power source, thereby making the entire process easy and reliable. The design was carried out with low cost solid state electronic components such as; Relays, transformer, microcontroller, voltage regulator, resistors, capacitors, diodes

Cobwebs are a common nuisance in both residential and commercial spaces, often requiring manual removal that can be time-consuming and tedious especially hard to reach corners. This project focuses on the development of an efficient and cost- ffective cobweb remover using locally available materials like electric motor (rotational motion), brush (removal of the cobweb), Rechargeable Battery (as the power source) and telescopic pole (for high buildings). The primary objective is to design a device that simplifies the process of cobweb removal while minimizing the need for expensive or specialized equipment providing 75% efficiency. The outcome of this project is an innovative cobweb remover that is not only effective but also accessible to a wide range of users, including homeowners, cleaning services, and facility managers. By utilizing locally sourced materials and promoting sustainable design, this project contributes to eco-friendly cleaning practices while improving the quality of life for individuals in various environments. It was successfully fabricated and our results were compared with the traditional methods. And it was observed that the cobweb remover has an efficiency of 78% while the traditional method of removing cobweb was 60.7% which shows that the design is more efficient and reliable.

The increasing demand for secure, transparent, and efficient electoral processes has led to the adoption of online voting systems in universities. This project presents a PHP-based online voting system designed to provide a secure, user-friendly, and tamper-proof election platform for universities. The system enables student authentication, candidate registration, real-time vote tallying, and automatic result generation after a set period. Security measures such as one-time voting enforcement and database encryption ensure election integrity. By leveraging web technologies, this system enhances electoral accessibility while minimizing fraud and administrative overhead, offering a scalable solution for university elections

This project focuses on the design and construction of a solar-powered food dryer aimed at improving the efficiency and sustainability of food preservation, particularly in off-grid and rural environments. The developed system utilizes solar energy as the primary heat source to dehydrate agricultural products, thereby reducing post-harvest losses and enhancing shelf life without reliance on fossil fuels or electricity from the grid. The dryer comprises a solar collector unit, drying chamber, air circulation system, Lagging material and insulated drying trays. The design emphasizes passive solar heating, which harnesses thermal energy from the sun to generate hot air that is circulated over the food products to facilitate moisture removal. To ensure uniform drying and improved airflow, Two DC-powered fan connected to a photovoltaic (PV) panel is integrated into the system. This setup enables consistent airflow and temperature regulation within the chamber during operation.The solar collector was oriented due south and inclined at 16.2°, based on the optimal slope calculated from the local latitude of Benin City. Design calculations showed a collector area of 0.17 m², drying chamber volume of 0.044 m³, and heat gain of 170 W/m², with heat loss through the chamber walls estimated at 8.9 W/m²K. Preliminary testing was conducted using sliced plantain to evaluate the drying performance in terms of moisture reduction rate, drying time, and product quality under typical October weather conditions. The internal dryer temperature ranged between 45°C and 65°C, consistently higher than ambient conditions. Moisture content reduced from approximately 100% to 39% (wet basis), corresponding to 0.075 kg amount of water removed. Effective drying occurred within 17–20 hours, significantly shorter than traditional open sun drying which typically exceeds 24 hours under similar conditions. The average drying rate was 0.0044 kg/hr, and the solar dryer achieved a high overall efficiency of 94.76%, indicating excellent heat utilization. Which is ideal for preserving color, texture, and nutrient quality of Agricultural Product. The findings demonstrate that the constructed solar dryer offers a practical and energy- efficient alternative for small-scale food processors and farmers, particularly in regions with high solar potential. This work contributes to the advancement of sustainable food processing technologies and provides a foundation for future improvements, including hybrid systems and thermal energy storage integration for continuous operation during low-sunlight periods.

The machine is developed to cut different metal materials with high precision using plasma arc technology controlled by a computer system. The CNC plasma cutter improves cutting accuracy, reduces manual effort, and increases productivity in metal fabrication industries. The project includes the design process, material selection, fabrication of the frame, installation of electronic components, and testing of the machine

This project focuses on the design, fabrication, and evaluation of an electrically powered grain crusher for small-scale farmers and rural communities. The primary aim is to develop an efficient, durable, and affordable machine capable of crushing dried maize grains into smaller particle sizes suitable for food processing and livestock feed production. The objectives include improving crushing efficiency, reducing manual labour, and promoting the use of locally developed technologies to enhance agricultural productivity and support rural development. The machine is powered by an electric motor that transmits motion to the crushing chamber through a belt and pulley system. Engineering design calculations were conducted to determine key parameters such as motor power, shaft diameter, pulley ratio, and crushing force required for effective operation. Locally sourced materials were used in the fabrication process to reduce cost and ensure ease of maintenance. The design and construction followed standard engineering principles to achieve structural stability, operational safety, and reliable performance. The performance results showed that the grain crusher achieved a throughput capacity of approximately 15 kg/h with a crushing efficiency of about 92%. Sieve analysis revealed that the crushed output consisted predominantly of particle sizes in the range of 0.71 mm to 1.40 mm, making it suitable for food processing and livestock feed preparation. The machine effectively crushed dry maize grains and is adaptable for processing similar dry grains such as sorghum and millet. The crusher operated smoothly with minimal vibration and reduced processing time compared to manual methods, demonstrating that it is a practical, affordable, and reliable solution for small-scale grain processing in rural communities

The study examines the firm specific determinants of the performance of insurance firms in Nigeria over the period 2019 – 2023, using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and panel least squares regression techniques. A causal research design was adopted for the study. The firm specific factors considered in this study include firm size, capital adequacy, leverage, liquidity and firm age while insurance firm performance was proxy by return on asset. It adopts a multivariate panel least squares analysis for the estimation process. The finding of the study reveals that firm size, liquidity and firm age has a positive and insignificant effect on performance of insurance companies while capital adequacy and leverage has a negative and insignificant influence on performance of insurance firms. The study recommends among others that management of insurance firms should focus less on growing the size of insurance firms in Nigeria. Also, regulatory authorities should ensure that insurance firms comply strictly with capital adequacy set by the regulatory authorities.

The increasing complexity of Electric Vehicle (EV) powertrains necessitates a robust, integrated, and flexible control strategy, centralized within the Electric Vehicle Control Unit (EVCU). This study shows the implementation of the Id = control strategy using the MATLAB/Simulink Motor Control Blockset under varying loading conditions and speed requirements. This study further goes on to show an implementation of a CC-CV charging controller for a Li-ion battery with multiple current control loops. The study is designed for compliance with the AUTOSAR (Automotive Open System Architecture) Classic Platform for compliance – ensuring modularity, portability and adherence to industry standards. The study results validate the performance of the Interior PMSM and the ability to generate C implementation and header files from the model-based engineering (MBE) design approach which can be further used for hardware-in-the-loop testing. This study concludes that the MBE and AUTOSAR approach produces a highly efficient framework for developing, validating and iterating on complex, multi-domain electric vehicle components.

Our focus in this project is to address water scarcity by creating a simple solar still system that will increase water productivity. The solar still uses simple design features to transform non-potable water into a secure and useful resource. It does this by employing strong materials and an effective water purification system. Optimized sunlight exposure angles, enhanced heat retention, and technology that guarantees continuous water production even in times of low sunlight are some of the key features. Thorough field testing in regions with non-potable water sources assesses the system's functionality under varying conditions. Participation from the community is essential, as input directs system optimization for cultural appropriateness and usability. The project also places a strong emphasis on building sustainably and cheaply by using local resources. A thorough documentation process records the phases of testing, construction, and design iterations, offering important information for upcoming implementations and enhancements