TAX

This study examines the determinants of tax effort in Nigeria, focusing on the effect of economic development, economic structure, natural resource dependence, and institutional quality on the country's ability to mobilize domestic revenue. The research
investigates how these factors collectively influence tax performance within the framework of the Fiscal Capacity Theory, which posits that both economic fundamentals and institutional strength determine a government's revenue-generating potential. The
study adopts a survey research design. Primary data were collected from 384 respondents drawn from key fiscal and regulatory institutions, including the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), the Ministry of Finance, the Budget Office of the Federation, and the National Planning Commission. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, reliability tests, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to determine the direction and significance of the relationships between the variables. The empirical findings reveal that economic development, economic structure, and institutional quality exert positive and significant effects on tax effort, indicating that higher growth, diversification, and governance quality improve revenue mobilization and compliance. Conversely, natural resource dependence has a negative and significant influence on tax effort, suggesting that overreliance on oil revenue undermines fiscal sustainability. The model recorded an R 2 ofO. 782, showing that the explanatory variables jointly account for 78.2% of the variations in tax effort. Based on these results, the study recommends that policymakers promote economic diversification, strengthen institutional quality, and reduce dependence on natural resources to enhance Nigeria's tax effort. Furthermore, reforms should prioritize transparency, accountability, and digitalization of tax administration to improve efficiency and public trust.

This study investigated the effect of tax reforms on revenue generation in Nigeria using time series data from 2012 to 2022. In order to determine the effect of tax reforms on revenue performance in Nigeria, tax reforms were measured by reform in Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), reform in Company Income Tax (CIT), reform in Value Added Tax (VAT) and reform in Personal Income Tax (PIT) while revenue performance on the other hand was represented by total federal collection revenue. Four hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation and the statistical test of parameter estimates was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple regression model analysis operated with E-view 8. Ex-post facto research design was adopted and data for the study were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical Bulleting and Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The regression result showed that the value added tax (VAT) coefficient is found to have a negative relationship with total tax revenue (TTR), the reform customs and excise duties (CED) coefficient is found to be positive with total tax revenue, the reform petroleum profit tax (PPT) coefficient had a positive relationship with total tax revenue in Nigeria, but it is statistically insignificant at 5%, the reform company income tax (CIT) coefficient is found to have a positive relationship with total tax revenue in Nigeria, and it is statistically significant at the 5%.

This study examined the impact of corporate governance and tax compliance in Nigeria. The research was motivated by persistent low levels of tax compliance within Nigeria attributed to weak governance structures, poor record-keeping, and limited regulatory enforcement. The study adopted a survey research design, using structured questionnaires administered to 100 management and accounting staff of selected registered firms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square (χ²) test with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings revealed that a strong legal framework, effective board oversight, transparency, accountability, and sound record keeping systems significantly enhance tax compliance among firms. Results further indicated that weak internal control systems, family ownership structures, and inadequate enforcement of governance codes contribute to persistent non-compliance. The study confirmed that corporate governance practices positively influence firms’ accuracy in tax returns, timeliness of remittances, and relationship with regulatory authorities such as the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The study concluded that sound corporate governance is a critical determinant of tax compliance in the Nigerian. It recommended that firms strengthen their governance structures through competent boards and effective audit committees, while regulators such as FIRS, SEC, and FRCN should intensify enforcement of governance and tax laws. Enhanced transparency, professional management, and strict penalties for default will foster accountability and improve government revenue generation in the sector