DEPARTMENT OF BANKING AND FINANCE

This study investigates the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth in Nigeria, emphasizing the role of accessible financial services in promoting investment, employment, and income equality. Using secondary data from the Central Bank of Nigeria, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the World Bank from 2000 to 2023, the study analyzes indicators such as the number of bank branches, mobile money usage, savings rate, and credit to the private sector in relation to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. The findings reveal a strong positive link between financial inclusion and economic growth, showing that greater access to financial services stimulates productive activities and enhances economic performance. However, factors such as poor financial literacy, infrastructural deficits, and limited rural access still constrain the full benefits of inclusion. The study recommends policies that promote digital finance, improve financial literacy, and expand financial infrastructure to achieve sustainable economic growth in Nigeria

Risk management has become a critical function in modern organizations due to increasing uncertainty, competition, regulatory demands, and rapid technological change. This study examines the relationship between risk management practices and corporate organizational effectiveness. It explores how systematic identification, assessment, mitigation, and monitoring of risks contribute to improved decision-making, operational stability, and long-term sustainability within organizations. The study highlights key components of effective risk management frameworks, including risk assessment, internal controls, compliance mechanisms, and strategic risk planning.
Using a conceptual and analytical approach, the research reviews existing literature and organizational practices to determine how proactive risk management influences organizational performance indicators such as productivity, financial stability, adaptability, and goal achievement. The findings suggest that organizations that integrate risk management into their strategic and operational processes are better positioned to anticipate uncertainties, reduce potential losses, and exploit emerging opportunities.
Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of leadership commitment, organizational culture, and clear risk governance structures in ensuring the successful implementation of risk management systems. It concludes that effective risk management significantly enhances corporate organizational effectiveness by promoting resilience, improving resource allocation, and strengthening stakeholder confidence. The study recommends that organizations adopt comprehensive risk management frameworks and continuously evaluate risk strategies to maintain competitiveness and achieve sustainable growth.

The study examines the determinants of cash holdings of 12 deposit money banks in Nigeria for a period of 13 years (2013 to 2025). The panel data sourced from the Nigerian stock exchange fact book, Annual financial statement and cash flow reports of banks were used. The econometric tools analysis was employed to analyze five bank’s specific variables such as return on assets, asset tangibility, leverage, bank size and volume of deposits to assets. The empirical findings revealed that asset tangibility is negative and is an 'important factor in the determination of cash holding behaviour of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Return on assets (a proxy for bank profitability) does not have any significant relationship with cash holding; leverage has an insignificant positive impact on cash holdings; bank size has an insignificant negative relationship with cash holding; and volume of deposits to assets (VDA) has a weak negative impact on deposit money banks’ cash holding. The study recommends among others that, management should be cautious in setting up a cash holding friendly policy that can be effectively linked with performance. This will ensure that as bank increases its level of cash holding, it will in turn enhance the overall performance of the bank. Also, since asset tangibility has proven to be a major factor that determines bank’s cash holding behaviour of firm in Nigeria, it therefore follows that banks should hold more cash in order to increase tangible assets. Thus, appropriate policy that will ensure that as bank increases its cash holding capacity, its corresponding tangible assets would also be enhanced

This study aims to investigate the dynamics of economic growth in Nigeria, with a focus on the role of foreign remittances, money supply, exchange rate, and inflation rate as component variables. The research is crucial in understanding the broader economic implications of foreign remittances in a developing country context. The study uses secondary time series data covering the period 1994 to 2022. This study used descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analysis to analyze the data. The descriptive statistics are used to describe the data set using the mean, maximum and minimum values, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and the Jarque-Bera statistic. Skewness, kurtosis and the Jarque-Bera statistics are use to explain the distribution properties of the data. The correlation analysis is used to determine the linear relationship between the variables pair wisely. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique is used to determine the effect of the explanatory variables on the outcome variable. The empirical result revealed that foreign remittances have a significant impact on economic
growth in Nigeria. It was found that money supply has a positive significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria It was discovered that exchange rate has a positive significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study found that inflation rate has an insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria.

This study examines the inventory management and the performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria

This study sought to examine financial consumer protection, financial inclusion and efficiency of financial markets. The study utilised the descriptive survey research design. The study adopted the simple random sampling technique which allows all units in the population to have an equal chance of being selected. This implies that the researcher will randomly distribute questionnaires to three hundred and eighty-five (385) respondents who are POS service providers, customers of POS services, as well as other financial consumers in Benin City, Edo state. It revealed that: that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial market efficiency, the regression analysis revealed that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial access and the result indicates that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial inclusion in Nigeria. Based on this findings it was recommended that: it is crucial for policymakers and financial institutions to enhance consumer protection mechanisms, Policymakers should work with financial institutions to develop and promote products and services that cater to the needs of low-income individuals and those in remote areas and Policymakers and regulatory bodies should regularly assess the effectiveness of existing policies and make necessary adjustments based on evolving market dynamics and consumer needs

This study examines the relative effects of financial development and economic growth on environmental degradation in selected Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries that includes Cote d’ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria and South Africa. Specifically, the study considered the roles of different financial system development factors on the environment, while also examining the impacts of economic growth on the environment using the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) formulation. The study also examined the possible direction of causality between environment degradation and both economic growth and financial development among the countries, as well as the influence of financial development on the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. Environmental degradation is measured by the tonnes of carbon emission per country and the rate of ecological footprint which was further divided into per capita footprint on cropland and per capital footprint on built land. Financial system development is measured using both the
money and capital markets variables which include credit to the private sector, liquidity in the economy, market capitalization, and stock market turnover. A panel data of seven (7) selected SSA nations for the period of 1990 to 2021 is employed in the analysis, while the Mean Group (MG) and the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) techniques are employed to estimate the long-run and short-run relationship amongst the variables for the panel analysis.

This study sought to examine financial consumer protection, financial inclusion and efficiency of financial markets. The study utilised the descriptive survey research design. The study adopted the simple random sampling technique which allows all units in the population to have an equal chance of being selected. This implies that the r searcher will randomly distribute questionnaires to three hundred and eighty-five (385) respondents who are POS service providers, customers of POS services, as well as other financial consumers in Benin City, Edo state. It revealed that: that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial market efficiency, the regression analysis revealed that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial access and the result indicates that financial consumer protection has significant effect on financial inclusion in Nigeria. Based on this findings it was recommended that: it is crucial for policymakers and financial institutions to enhance consumer protection mechanisms, Policymakers should work with financial institutions to develop and promote products and services that cater to the needs of low-income individuals and those in remote areas and Policymakers and regulatory bodies should regularly assess the effectiveness of existing policies and make necessary adjustments based on evolving market dynamics and consumer needs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cashless policies on economic growth in Nigeria. The research aimed to examine the impact of cashless policies on economic growth in Nigeria, identify the challenges of implementing a cashless society, and suggest ways to improve monetary policies to promote economic growth and development in Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive and explanatory design, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources, and data was analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation technique. The results of the study indicate that the cashless policy implemented by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and monetary policies as a means of economic management have the potential to promote sustainable economic growth and development through banking, but face challenges such as limited internet access. The study also used economic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to examine the positive or negative impact of the cashless policy on Nigeria's economy, including changes in growth trends and inflation. The challenges and perspectives identified in the study could assist stakeholders in developing strategies to overcome these challenges and improve the Nigerian economy

s study examines the complex relationship between credit risk management strategies and the financial performance of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. The study analyzes the impact of important variables, including Return on Equity (ROE), Non-Performing Loans (NPLs), Loan Loss Provision (LLP), Liquidity Ratio, and Risk Asset Ratio, on the overall health of the banking system. The study uncovers significant insights by employing panel regression analysis from 2014 to 2022. The findings demonstrate a positive connection between successful
management of credit risk, as seen by cautious provisioning for loan losses, and consistent profitability. In contrast, Non-Performing Loans have a negative effect on Return on Equity, highlighting the importance of implementing strategic initiatives to reduce loan defaults. The study highlights a trade-off between the management of available cash and the potential to generate profit, underscoring the need of adopting a well-balanced strategy to ensure financial stability. Furthermore, effectively managed risk assets have a favorable impact on a bank's financial performance, underscoring the significance of strategic risk management. The recommendations emphasize the necessity of enhancing credit risk management techniques, optimizing liquidity management, and implementing strategic actions to minimize Non- Performing Loans keywords