DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING

The Nigerian banking sector has undergone significant growth and transformation in recent years, playing a pivotal role in the country's economic development. Effective management decision making is crucial for the sustainability and success of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Accounting information, including financial statements and key financial indicators such as Return on Equity (ROE), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Non-Performing Loan Ratio (NPLR), serves as a vital source of information for managerial decision making. This study aims to investigate the impact of these accounting information variables on the management decision making process in Nigerian deposit money banks. The research design adopted a correlational approach, focusing on a five-year period from 2018 to 2022 and selecting five representative deposit money banks. The study found that there is a significant relationship between ROE and management decision making, emphasizing the importance of financial performance indicators in shaping strategic planning, resource allocation, and profitability decisions. However, NIM was found to have no significant impact on the decision-making process, suggesting that not all banking operations are equally influenced by accounting information. Notably, NPLR exerted a strong influence on management decision making, highlighting the importance of effective non
performing loan management for sound decision-making processes. This research contributes to understanding the role of accounting information in Nigerian deposit money banks' management decision-making. Recommendations include enhanced utilization of accounting information, deeper investigation of NIM's impact, robust NPL management strategies, and continuous research into factors affecting decision-making. Future studies could explore the influence of macroeconomic factors and risk management practices on decision-making in Nigerian banks. This research provides valuable insights for bank managers, regulators, policymakers, and stakeholders, facilitating evidence-based decision making and enhancing the overall performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria

This study examined the relationship between foreign exchange rate fluctuations and corporate profitability using panel data of thirteen commercial banks listed on the Nigeria Exchange Group for the period 2018– 2022. The variables considered were corporate profitability proxied by return on capital employed and return on assets, exchange rate, inflation rate and interest rate. The study carried out a histogram normality test, Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey test of heteroskedasticity, Ramsey RESET model specification test, Serial correlation test, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The F-statistics indicated that all the explanatory variables taken together are statistically significant. The regression result revealed that exchange rate has a positive and statistically insignificant relationship with return on capital employed and return on assets. The study recommended that government should formulate policies that will be very consistent in controlling exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate should be controlled by the government to encourage firms to source external capital for their expansion.

This study examined auditor independence and earnings management. A total number of 39 commercial and insurance companies of Nigeria Exchange Group out of which four insurance companies had incomplete data which restricted our research to 35 companies. About 175 firms were observed from 2020-2024. Jaque-berra test probability value was used on our broad objective out of 4 specific objectives. Our dependent variable was based on modified discretionary accrual model used as earnings management of firms which is the error term and our independent variables were collapsed into 4 which are audit fees, audit tenure, non-audit fees, and audit firms rotation as auditor independence. We used the panel least square regression technique with other statistical tests which are descriptive, correlation analyses to investigate the variables. The study found that audit fee has a positive and significant relationship with earnings management, audit tenure and non-audit fee have no significance but are positively related to earnings management while audit firm rotation is negatively insignificant with earnings management.

The aim of this study is to examine the role of external Auditor in ensuring quality financial Statements of Deposit Money Banks listed in the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). Data were extracted from audited annual reports of all the eleven (11) deposit money banks listed in the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX) for ten years, 2015 – 2024. The study used panel multiple regression and employed Hausman’s test to choose between Random and fixed effect model. Random effect model was chosen and interpreted. We found out that audit firm size, audit tenure and audit fees affect financial reporting quality (FRQ) but only the effect of audit fees should be encouraged to improve financial reporting quality

Accounting has been described as the science of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are in part at least, of a financial character and interpreting the result thereof. Features characterize the tertiary institution that makes it quite distinct from many other areas. Although, accounting principles remain the same in application, accounting systems are normally designed to suite the nature and need of information of the organization. This project work therefore sets to find out and document the system applicable in the tertiary institution of higher learning? Are laid down procedures followed? Are required information obtained when needed? How are contracts accounted for? What principles are laid down for cash handling? These and many others shall be answered as the work progresses. Generally, the project results shall be an aid to the public who are conscious of accounting system not only in the college of education but also in other establishment.

This study examines the effect of the auditor-client relationship on audit quality in Nigerian microfinance institutions, using LAPO Microfinance Bank in Edo State as a case study. The main objective is to assess how auditor professionalism, communication, and independence influence audit quality and financial transparency. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, with data collected from 50 respondents including auditors, audit managers, and finance staff directly involved in LAPO’s audit process. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain primary data, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation
analysis, and multiple regression techniques with SPSS. The study finds that auditor professionalism positively and significantly improves audit quality by enhancing ethical conduct, competence, and adherence to auditing standards. Effective communication between auditors and clients strengthens mutual understanding and promotes accurate financial reporting. Auditor independence also has a significant positive impact, ensuring objectivity and reducing the risk of bias or undue influence from clients.
The study recommends that microfinance institutions should reinforce auditor independence through strict policies and periodic rotation of auditors. Continuous professional development and ethics training should be prioritized to strengthen professionalism. Furthermore, establishing clear and open communication channels between auditors and management will help to improve audit quality, strengthen stakeholder confidence, and support regulatory compliance.

This study examines the factors influencing environmental disclosure among oil and gas companies in Nigeria. It adopts an ex-post facto research design with a longitudinal approach, utilizing panel data spanning eleven (11) financial years (2014–2024) from oil companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX). The variables investigated include leverage, firm size, profitability, audit firm type, financial constraint, and firm age. The findings reveal that leverage, profitability, firm size, audit firm type, firm age, and financial constraint all have no significant effect on the level of environmental accounting disclosure by oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Based on these results, the study recommends that future research should consider a broader sample of companies and incorporate additional variables beyond those used in the current model, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of environmental disclosure in the Nigerian oil and gas sector.

This study investigates the relationship between corporate board diversity and the financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Conducted within the context of governance reforms and performance challenges in the sector, the research examines how national, ethnic, age, and gender diversity influence Earnings Per Share (EPS), which was adopted as the measure of financial performance. An ex-post facto research design was employed, using panel data extracted from the annual reports of twelve oil and gas companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group between 2014 and 2023. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression were applied to evaluate the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that ethnic and age diversity exert significant positive effects on EPS, while national and gender diversity show statistically insignificant influences. The results indicate that board heterogeneity in certain dimensions enhances shareholder value, though some forms of diversity remain underutilized in Nigeria’s corporate governance framework. The study concludes that meaningful representation across diversity dimensions can strengthen decision- making and improve financial outcomes, especially in a highly regulated and capital-intensive industry. The study recommends that regulators and policymakers enforce inclusive governance policies that encourage balanced board representation, while companies should adopt strategic diversity practices that integrate ethnicity, age, gender, and nationality to enhance performance and competitiveness.

This study investigates the impact of board characteristics- board size, board gender diversity, board independence, and board compensation- on firm financial performance among non-financial and non-oil and gas firms listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX). Using panel data from 78 firms over the period 2020 to 2024, the study employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression techniques to analyze these relationships. The findings reveal that board gender diversity positively and significantly influences firm financial performance, while board size negatively affects performance. Net profit showed inconsistent effects, and board independence and compensation were not statistically significant predictors. The study recommends promoting gender diversity and optimizing board size to enhance firm performance. These results contribute to understanding corporate governance’s role in improving financial outcomes in the Nigerian business environment and provide guidance for regulators, firms, and stakeholders aiming to strengthen board effectiveness

This study investigates the relationship between corporate board diversity and the financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Conducted within the context of governance reforms and performance challenges in the sector, the research examines how national, ethnic, age, and gender diversity influence Earnings Per Share (EPS), which was adopted as the measure of financial performance. An ex-post facto research design was employed, using panel data extracted from the annual reports of twelve oil and gas companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group between 2014 and 2023. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression were applied to evaluate the hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that ethnic and age diversity exert significant positive effects on EPS, while national and gender diversity show statistically insignificant influences. The results indicate that board heterogeneity in certain dimensions enhances shareholder value, though some forms of diversity remain underutilized in Nigeria’s corporate governance framework. The study concludes that meaningful representation across diversity dimensions can strengthen decision- making and improve financial outcomes, especially in a highly regulated and capital-intensive industry. The study recommends that regulators and policymakers enforce inclusive governance policies that encourage balanced board representation, while companies should adopt strategic diversity practices that integrate ethnicity, age, gender, and nationality to enhance performance and competitiveness.