CHALLENGES

This study examines the challenges of tax administration in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, with a focus on the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS). The research explores issues such as inefficiency, corruption, inadequate taxpayer education, and complex tax laws, which hinder effective revenue generation. A survey research design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires administered to FIRS officials and taxpayers. The data were analyzed using statistical tools, including the chi-square test. The findings indicate that corruption and administrative inefficiencies significantly affect tax compliance and revenue collection. Additionally, inadequate taxpayer education contributes to non-compliance. The study recommends improved transparency in tax administration, digitalization of tax processes, and enhanced taxpayer education to boost compliance. Implementing these measures will strengthen Nigeria's tax system and promote sustainable economic growth.

Youth participation in politics has become an important issue in democratic governance, especially in developing societies like Edo State. This study examines the challenges and opportunities associated with youth participation in the politics of Edo State. The study was motivated by the increasing role of young people in political activities such as voting, campaigning, political advocacy, and civic engagement, alongside the persistent barriers limiting their full involvement in governance and decision-making processes. The objectives of the study were to identify the level of youth participation in politics in Edo State, examine the factors affecting their participation, and explore the opportunities available for greater political inclusion of youths. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and relied on both primary and secondary sources of data. Findings revealed that although youths in Edo State actively participate in electoral campaigns, social media mobilization, and political rallies, their involvement in leadership and policy-making positions remains limited. Major challenges identified include unemployment, poverty, political violence, godfatherism, lack of political education, inadequate funding, and distrust in political institutions. Despite these obstacles, the study also found significant opportunities for youth political participation through digital media platforms, civic education programs, the “Not Too Young to Run” policy, youth empowerment initiatives, and increasing political awareness among young people. ([CDD Fact Check][1])
The study concluded that youths possess the energy, creativity, and population strength needed to contribute meaningfully to democratic development in Edo State if given equal opportunities and support. It therefore recommended that government, political parties, and civil society organizations should create enabling environments that encourage youth inclusion in governance, strengthen political education, reduce electoral violence, and provide economic empowerment programs for young people. This will enhance democratic participation, political stability, and sustainable development in Edo State and Nigeria at large.

It is an indubitable fact that most plans/activities lies of any sep-up may come to naught if here is lack of revenue or finance to effectuate to one roas task. It is also germane to stress that just as air food and water are importance for human existence so also does revenue from the sine-quoin for any human or government existence and survival If is therefore sufficient to observe that the issue of revenue allocation and always been highly contentious and invariable generated a lot of conflicting and divergent controversies in Nigeria. The issue has been the allocation between various tiers of government vertical allocation and between resource rich and resource-poor regions (horizontal allocation). More recently, another dimension has been introduced to the vertical issue, namely the allocation between the resources-rich regions, local government and community

The main objective of this study is to find out the association between demographic characteristics of Social Work Students of University of Benin and the awareness of Ubuntu Philosophy? This study focused on the total full time undergraduate and postgraduate students in University of Benin in the 2019/2020 Session. The population for this study is 46,986 and the sample size is 400. Data for this study was collected by personally administering the questionnaires to the respondents with the help of a research assistant and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). This study concludes that most of the respondents are aware of Ubuntu Philosophy, but the level of awareness varies by demographic characteristics. Although the respondents are aware of the Ubuntu Philosophy, they do not consider that Ubuntu is what Nigeria needs. This is the major findings of this study. This study recommends that the government and Non-Governmental Organizations should promote awareness programmes on the awareness of the relevance of Ubuntu Philosophy to the contemporary challenges in Nigeria. This would inspire young people to spread knowledge about Ubuntu with their schools, homes and communities and help restore the Spirit of Ubuntu among them. Furthermore, the influence of Ubuntu could help address contemporary social issues like drunkenness and sexual assault, among others, for the benefit of community members and throughout Nigeria.