HEALTH CARE

Background: Occupational health aims to promote and maintain the highest level of physical, mental, and social well-being among workers, including healthcare workers (HCWs), who face significant workplace risks. Despite being the backbone of any health system, HCWs are frequently exposed to hazards such as needle stick injuries, infections, back injuries, and stress, often prioritizing patient care over their own well-being. Protecting the health of HCWs not only safeguards their welfare but also enhances the quality of patient care and strengthens healthcare systems. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), particularly work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), pose a significant risk to HCWs due to the physical demands of their work, including heavy lifting and awkward postures. Preventing WRMSDs requires the application of ergonomic principles, such as proper workspace design, the use of assistive devices, and maintaining correct posture during tasks. Ergonomic interventions can reduce the risk of MSDs, improve safety, and enhance job performance, benefiting both healthcare workers and the patients they serve. Objectives: The study was carried out to investigate the types and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomic risk factors and coping strategies adopted by healthcare workers in University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 329 healthcare workers using a stratified random sampling technique for selection. Structured self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection and data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Version 27.0.1 software utilizing univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis.

This study examined the influence of neuromarketing strategies on consumer behaviour in healthcare providing organisations in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Specifically, it investigated the roles of emotional branding, sensory marketing, attention capturing, and memory recall stimulation in shaping patient perceptions, loyalty, and engagement. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design, with data collected from 100 respondents comprising healthcare consumers and staff from both public and private healthcare facilities. A structured questionnaire was used as the primary instrument, and responses were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation) and multiple regression analysis to test the research hypotheses. The findings revealed that emotional branding, sensory marketing, and memory recall stimulation significantly influence consumer behaviour, enhancing patient trust, satisfaction, and retention. Attention capturing techniques, while positively related, were not found to have a statistically significant effect on patient decision-making. Overall, the study’s regression model indicated that neuromarketing strategies collectively explained 58.4% of the variance in consumer behaviour among healthcare users in Benin City. The study concludes that incorporating neuromarketing strategies into healthcare marketing can improve patient experience, engagement, and loyalty, thereby contributing to the sustainable performance of healthcare organisations. Based on these findings, the study recommends that healthcare providers adopt emotionally engaging communication, sensory- rich environments, and memory-driven messaging to strengthen patient-provider
relationships. The study also suggests further research on additional neuromarketing factors and cultural influences to deepen understanding of consumer behaviour in the Nigerian healthcare context.

This study assessed the patient perception and satisfaction with nursing care in a Primary Health Care Centre in Benin City. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed and a sample of 150 patients was selected using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 24.0 employing descriptive statistics and chi-square to analyse the collected data. The findings revealed there is a significant relationship between patients’ perceptions and their satisfaction with nursing care in a primary health care centre in Benin City. The study concluded that understanding patient perceptions and satisfaction within this context is critical for
identifying gaps in nursing care delivery and developing strategies to improve service quality. The study further suggested that in-depth qualitative studies, such as interviews or focus groups, can provide deeper insights into the personal experiences, expectations, and cultural factors influencing patient satisfaction

Healthcare waste management is a critical issue in healthcare settings, with implications for infection control, environmental safety, andpublic health. This study investigated the knowledge,attitudes, andpractices ofhealthcare waste management among undergraduate nursing students in a tertiary educational institution in Benin City. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. random sampling technique was used to select 255 undergraduate nursing students across 200-500 levels. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with four sections examining socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to healthcare waste management. Data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Descriptive statistics were generated, and hypothesis testing was performed using chi-square analysis at a significance level of0.05. The study achieved a 97% response rate (247 valid questionnaires). Findings revealed that 68% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge ofhealthcare waste management, while 32% exhibitedpoor knowledge. Regarding attitudes, 71% displayedpositive dispositions toward healthcare waste management practices. In terms of practice, 77%demonstrated high levels ofproper healthcare waste handling and disposal. The study identified several influential factors, including adequate training programs, availability of disposal facilities, supervision, andpersonal commitment. Notably, no statistically significant relationship wasfound between knowledge andpractice x2 = 2.101, p = 0.07). While the majority of undergraduate nursing students demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes,and high compliance with proper waste management practices, significant gaps remain,particularly in specific knowledge areas and the translation ofknowledge intopractice.

Healthcare-associated infections remain a persistent challenge globally, particularly in developing countries where resource constraints often hinder adherence to infection control protocols. This study investigates the knowledge, attitude, and practice of standard precautions among healthcare workers in selected clinics within Egor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The primary aim was to assess how well-informed healthcare workers are about standard precautions, their perceptions toward infection control, and how these translate into practical behaviors. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed, with data collected from 150 healthcare workers using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Key variables assessed included knowledge of hand hygiene and personal protective equipment (PPE), attitude toward routine precautions, actual implementation of infection control measures, and factors influencing compliance, including management support and availability of resources. The results revealed that while most healthcare workers exhibited good knowledge and positive attitudes toward standard precautions, there were variations in actual practice, especially concerning
equipment decontamination and workload-related compliance barriers. Notably, 88.7% regularly practiced hand hygiene, while only 60% consistently decontaminated reusable instruments. Availability of PPE and institutional support emerged as significant factors influencing adherence. The study recommends strengthening continuous training programs, improving PPE supply chains, and enhancing management engagement to sustain high compliance levels. These strategies are essential to improve healthcare safety and reduce the incidence of hospital acquired infections.

Introduction: The role of community pharmacies in healthcare delivery is indispensable, they serve as vital hubs within the healthcare system. Objectives: The research works aims to assess the services that community pharmacies in Edo state Nigeria offer and also limitations that prevent them or reduce their capacity to perform these services. Method: A cross sectional survey was distributed among community pharmacists in Edo state, Nigeria, The data was collected using a well validated questionnaire utilizing the convenience sampling technique. The data gotten was analyzed using SPSS 21.
Results: Out of the 99 respondents, 58.6% were male and 41.4% were female. The top services that were offered often by Community pharmacies were: handling and storage of medication (90.9%), sore throat, cough and flu (87.9%), aches and pains (83.8%), blood pressure tests (81.8%), prescribed medication counselling (79.8%), Stomach issues (diarrhoea, constipation) (78.8%). Major challenges to community pharmacy service were time constraints(43.4%) and capacity constraints(43.4%)
Conclusion: This survey uncovers services and challenges in community pharmacies, emphasizing their vital role in accessible healthcare. The prevalent services highlight their importance. Challenges of time and capacity (42.2%) underline difficulties. Addressing these challenges will be crucial in ensuring the continued delivery of high-quality services to the community