FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

This study was carried out to critically evaluate “Police brutality and the issue of Endsars Protest. The case of Edo State. pecifically, the study investigated the issues and various events that led to the Endsars protest and how the Endsars protest started and ended. Also, the study carefully looked at both the positive and negative effects of the Protest, how youth from various parts of Edo state came out to pour out how they felt about the situation which later was hijacked by thugs. The study employed the survey research design. Questionnaire was used for data collection which was raised against five scale of Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Undecided (U), Strongly Disagree (SD), Disagree (D), and was analyzed using the frequency tables and simple percentage method. A total of 130 respondents were conveniently selected as sample size comprising of Students in the University of Benin, drivers and youth outside of the great University of Benin also. Out of the 130 respondents, 100 responses were received and validated from the survey, because some of the respondents did not submit the questionnaire. The survey adopted the Uses and gratification theory (UGT). From the responses obtained and analyzed, the findings revealed that the Endsars Protest really occurred in Edo State, it’s massive effects on citizens of Edo state and effects also on businesses within the State. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between police brutality and endsars protest. Demands were made by the protesters, popularly referred to as the big five demands. On the basis of these findings, it was recommended that in order to prevent another Endsars rotest, increment in salaries, discipline and fight against corruption were the recommendations to prevent another Endsars rotest in Edo state and Nigeria as a whole.

Crime remains a major social problem that negatively affects individuals and society through economic, psychological, and health-related consequences. In response to the increasing rate of crime, the police as a formal institution of social control are charged with the responsibility of maintaining law and order. However, traditional policing methods have often proven inadequate in addressing modern security challenges. This led to the emergence of community policing, which emphasizes partnership and collaboration between the police and members of the community in crime prevention and control. Community policing encourages proactive policing strategies, problem-solving, and public participation in maintaining peace and security. In Nigeria, the adoption of community policing in 2004 marked a significant step toward police reform aimed at improving public trust, professionalism, and effective service delivery. This approach seeks to transform citizens into co-producers of justice and security by strengthening police-community relations. The study therefore examines the role of community policing in crime prevention and control, highlighting its importance as a proactive strategy for ensuring the protection of lives and property in society.

This study examined the “Social Work Intervention Strategies for Victims of Truancy and Juvenile Delinquency in Selected Public Secondary Schools in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria.” Truancy and juvenile delinquency have become pressing social and educational challenges, threatening academic achievement, school discipline, and the broader social development of young people. These behaviours are influenced by multiple socio-cultural, economic, and family-related factors, which often leave affected students vulnerable to further academic and social failure. Social work intervention provides a professional framework to address these challenges by offering preventive, remedial, and rehabilitative support for students at risk. The objectives of the study were to: identify the causes of truancy and juvenile delinquency in selected public secondary schools in Ovia North East Local Government Area, examine the social, economic, and cultural factors influencing these behaviours, explore the effectiveness of social work intervention strategies in addressing truancy and juvenile delinquency, assess the roles of schools, families, and communities in supporting victims, and investigate the challenges facing social workers in implementing interventions. The study adopted Social Learning Theory and Ecological Systems Theory as its theoretical framework. A quantitative approach was adopted, using survey research design. The study population comprised secondary school students, teachers, parents, and social workers in Ovia North East LGA. A sample size of 400 respondents was selected through multi-stage sampling
using systematic techniques. Data collection instruments included a structured questionnaire, validated by experts in social work. Reliability was ensured through testretest procedures. The findings revealed that peer pressure, poor parental supervision,
poverty, broken homes, negative school environments, and socio-cultural influences were major causes of truancy and juvenile delinquency. The study further showed that while social workers play an important role in counseling, advocacy, and school–community mediation, their involvement in secondary schools remains limited due to institutional, financial, and policy-related challenges. The study recommended, among others, that the government should integrate professional social workers into school systems to provide counseling and rehabilitation services; families and communities should be sensitized to their roles in curbing truancy and delinquency; and targeted economic and educational support should be provided for vulnerable students. Strengthening collaboration between schools, families, and community stakeholders was also emphasized as a key strategy to
reduce the menace

This study examine the Anti-corruption crusade under Goodluck Jonathan and Muhammadu Buhari administration: A comparative study, The specific objectives are to determine the extent to which the public are aware of the anti-corruption crusade of both administration, to ascertain the level of public knowledge about the anti- corruption campaign, to identify the source of public knowledge about the anti- corruption crusade, to examine the perception of the people about the anti- corruption crusade method of data analysis data collected were presented quantitatively using simple frequency tables, percentages and numbers. The findings of the study, it is safe to conclude that the awareness on the anti- corruption crusade of Mr. President Goodluck Jonathan has gained grounds in South-South, Nigeria. This, no doubt, is the reason for the impressive 60% knowledge of the crusade among the people. For which 55.5% of the respondents are not satisfied with the corruption drive so far. This raises a big question on the drive itself and the way it is being approached. The Recommendations of the public need to predispose themselves to the acquisition of knowledge on the anticorruption drive of President Buhari. This is because 60% knowledge might not be enough to appreciate the effort of this administration in fighting corruption. On the aspect of the sources of information, it is recommended that people should use their new media gadgets to source for more information regarding the anti-corruption drive. This will no doubt improve the knowledge of the people on the approach and strategies taken to curb corruption in the country.

This study examined the effects of elections on national security in Nigeria, with particular reference to the general elections in Edo State. It focused on four key objectives: examining the impact of electoral credibility, evaluating the role of voter education, assessing the effects of electoral violence, and determining the implications of electoral malpractices on national security. The research adopted a survey research design, which enabled collection of data through quantitative and qualitative means. The quantitative data were gathered through the use of Likert style questionnaire while the qualitative data were gathered through interviews with Key Informant Interview (KII) regarding their perceptions of electoral processes and its effects on national security. The study was guided by system theory and human security theory, which explain how the interaction between political institutions, citizens, and governance structures affects societal stability and individual safety. This study's population is made up of the men and women of voting age in Edo State which is 453,592 while the sample size for this study was 400 using the Taro Yamane formula. Three hundred and fifty six (356) respondents responded to the copies of questionnaire administered while twelve (12) interviewees responded to the interview guide. The findings revealed that electoral credibility is very significant in maintaining national security. The study also found that voter education contributes to national security by improving citizens’ understanding of the electoral process and discouraging manipulation and participation in political violence. The study recommends that strengthening credible electoral processes, enhancing voter education, and addressing electoral violence and malpractice are essential for promoting national security and democratic consolidation in Nigeria.

Traditional medicine has played a key role in world health in spite of great advances observed in orthodox medicine in recent decades, traditional medicine still makes an important contribution to health care delivery system. These societies thus developed indigenous medical systems through interactions with their environment to ensure the health needs of the people were met. The World Health Organization estimated that 80% of the developing countries depend on traditional medicine to meet their healthcare needs. Due to the increased use of herbal medicine, there is an urgent need for the appropriate systems of quality control in the practice as well as in the production and use of the medicines. The main objective of this study is to find out the perception and utilization of traditional medicine among residents of Benin city in Edo-State. The specific objectives of this study were: to ascertain the factors influencing the utilization of traditional medicine as perceived by Benin city residents; Ascertain how Benin city residents perceived the efficiency and effectiveness of traditional medicine in Benin city; to find out
the challenges hindering the utilization of traditional medicine; and to measure the extent of utilization of traditional medicine among residents of Benin city. With the one-time cross-sectional study designed as a subsumed survey research design both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 400 respondents 5 interviewees respectively; they were analyzed using frequency and percentages tables, chat and the Spearman’s rho correlation statistical tools. A significant proportion of the population still patronizes traditional medicine due to its ability to explain the hidden cause of illness and consequently cure the illness. There is a significant relationship (p-value=0.00 <0.05) between affordability, cheapness and traditional medicine has stood the test of time and lower level of education, income status and certain age group of traditional medicine. The Functionalist theory and the Health Belief Model were used as a theoretical guide to examine the people’s perceptions towards the utilization of traditional medicine, the study further recommend that Effective and safe use of traditional medicine should be promoted to recognize traditional practitioners, as well as to train them to produce refined herbal medicines. Hence Traditional Medicine Practitioners should be properly trained to keep them updated with contemporary trends in the world of health and epidemiology.

his study focused on assessing the impact of training and development on employee performance, using the University of Benin as a case study. The objectives were to examine the roles of training and development in achieving organizational goals related to worker efficiency, effectiveness, social and psychological well-being, and the potential for changing attitudes towards work. The choice of the University of Benin was based on its extensive training and development opportunities, particularly for academic staff. The research employed both primary and secondary data collection methods. The study concluded that training and career development yield numerous benefits, including increased productivity, enhanced morale, improved profitability, optimized resource utilization, and reduced accidents. Scientific analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between training and productivity, indicating that employees acquire job skills effectively and contribute to organizational objectives. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between staff training and factors such as job satisfaction, promotion, or career advancement. Nevertheless, training serves as a motivating force, fostering positive attitudes towards the organization, better job adjustment, commitment, and potential for career growth. Based on the findings, it is recommended that effective training programs should be meticulously planned and structured, preferably under the guidance of trained experts. Organizations, including the University of Benin, should consider relevant information when developing tailored training programs that meet their specific needs. Establishing a well-defined training policy aligned with modern organizational requirements is crucial, with diligent implementation. Employee training should be based on accurate assessment systems and methods to identify training needs. The majority of respondents emphasized the importance of ongoing, job-relevant training. It is essential to ensure fairness and meritocracy in selecting trainees, providing equal access to training opportunities for all workers rather than a privileged few. To motivate employees, the management of the University of Benin and other organizations should complement training initiatives with additional benefits, such as promotions, higher salaries, and increased responsibilities, aimed at maximizing staff output. Lastly, allocating sufficient funds to support the training officer's duties, including staff training, is recommended for the University of Benin.

This research aims to examine the influence of the capital market on the economic growth in Nigeria. The establishment of the Capital market aims to attain specified objectives, including the mobilisation of financial resources on a national level and the acquisition of necessary foreign capital to accelerate economic growth. This study employs a time- series research design, utilising secondary data obtained from ww.worldbank.org [1990-2020]. The analysis is conducted using an auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The findings indicate that the capital market does not exert a favourable and statistically significant influence on the economic growth of the country. Additionally, it unveiled the constrained role of the market in fostering the growth of the industrial sector.

This study examined the consequences of increased staple food costs on the daily feeding patterns of residents in Benin City. It analyzed the magnitude of food price rises, how inhabitants have modified their feeding patterns in response, and the larger socio-economic consequences of these changes. A cross-sectional survey study design was utilized, utilizing
standardized questionnaires to gather data from individuals across different income levels. Findings predict a large rise in the cost of staple goods such as rice, beans, yam, and garri, with price hikes exceeding 70% for some items between 2023 and 2024. This escalation has led to major changes in daily dining behaviors, including a drop in meal frequency, increased dependence on cheaper food alternatives, and a shift towards less nutritional diets. Socioeconomic characteristics such as income level, household size, and occupation were found to strongly influence how residents cope with these price increases. The study also found crucial coping techniques, including engaging in new income-generating activities, substituting pricey necessities with cheaper alternatives, lowering portion sizes, and relying on financial aid from family, friends, and religious organizations. The report advises specific initiatives to alleviate the impact of rising food prices, including government policies to stabilize food costs, investment in local food production, and the introduction of food assistance programs for needy communities. Additionally, lowering transportation costs and guaranteeing food affordability depend on enhanced infrastructure and security measures. To improve citizens' food security, community-based initiatives like food banks and urban farming are also promoted.

This study explores the relationship between leadership style and worker efficiency in Nigeria, focusing on Governor Obaseki's reforms in the Edo State civil service. Using a descriptive survey research design, data, were collected from 100 civil servants across four ministries through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that Governor Obaseki's leadership approach was generally viewed positively, with a mean score of 23.63 (SD = 5.64), indicating a. moderately favourable perception of his reforms. However, statistical analysis ft = 2.604, p = 0.197) showed no significant difference in worker productivity between those who worked under Obaseki's administration and those who served under previous leaderships. This suggests that while leadership style does influence worker attitudes, other structural and institutional factors—such as policy continuity, bureaucratic processes, and institutional memory—play a more defining role in shaping efficiency in the civil service.
The study highlights the importance of leadership in fostering a productive work environment but also underscores the need for broader systemic reforms to sustain long-term improvements. While effective leadership can motivate employees and enhance service delivery, achieving lasting efficiency requires a stable institutional framework, clear policies, and adequate resources. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening structural reforms, ensuring policy continuity, investing in leadership development, and improving employee motivation through better support and incentives. These measures can help create a more resilient and efficient civil service, capable of delivering sustainable public sector improvements.