, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

The research work was carried out to examine the socio-psychological effects of divorce on the upbringing of of spring of marriage relationships in Benin metropolis, South-South, Nigeria. The researcher looked at the effect of divorce and how it affects of springs of marriages, morally, socially, academically, mentally, etc. This study also identifies and focus on the socio-psychological differentiation of children who come from families of divorced parents and children who do not. It will also provide a base for the protection and promotion of the rights of children of divorcees, It will be useful to child rights and child protection advocates, It will increase people’s knowledge of the risks to which such children are exposed. The Study also took a critical look at the roles of the Social welfare institution in preventing cases of
marital divorces. In this study, the simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample size. A total of 100 students of the University Demonstration Senior Secondary School was selected as the sample size, classes ranging from SS1-SS3. And the sample of findings were sought from 96 respondents. The table and simple percentage method were used to analyze the questions. The research findings shows that, divorce can negatively affect the child’s development academically and socially. And children whose family is going through divorce may have a harder time relating to others, and tend to have less social contacts, that is, certain children might have negative mind set towards intimacy, relationship, attachment or marriage, because of their experience growing up in a broken home.
their experience growing up in a broken home

Urban insecurity has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges facing Nigerian cities, significantly affecting the quality of life and the efficiency of public administration. This study investigates the impact of urban insecurity on public administration effectiveness in Benin City, Edo State. The rising incidences of criminal activities such as armed robbery, kidnapping, cult-related violence, and street crimes have heightened fear among residents and placed increased pressure on public institutions responsible for maintaining order and ensuring public safety. Using both qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study collected data through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews with residents, civil servants, and security officials in Benin City. The analysis reveals that a majority of respondents perceive public administrative responses to urban insecurity as inadequate, citing issues such as corruption, underfunding, poor inter-agency coordination, lack of intelligence sharing, and minimal community engagement as key constraints. The research further identifies that while policy frameworks may exist on paper, there is a significant gap in practical implementation, often due to limited political will and resource constraints. Despite the presence of multiple security agencies and policies, the level of insecurity in Benin City remains alarming, undermining citizen trust in government institutions. The study recommends the adoption of a multi-stakeholder approach to urban security, including community policing, better funding and training for security personnel, transparency in administrative processes, and proactive policy implementation. Strengthening institutional capacity and enhancing public participation are also seen as vital steps toward restoring order and improving the effectiveness of public administration in dealing with urban insecurity

The study was carried out to assess the profile distribution of morphological, physical, chemical and biological properties in Idunowina and University of Benin which are the study areas and a profile sample was dug in both study areas. The morphological study was carried out in the field, while the physical, chemical and biological properties drawn from genetic soil horizons were carried out in the laboratory. The morphological properties show that the soil colour was moisture dependent because of the differences in soil value and chroma when dry and when moist. The soils were mostly moderate and weak in structure in Idunowina and weak, medium in Uniben. The bulk density was found to be within acceptable limit (1.41 and 1.31Mgm-3) while the WHC was highest in the subsoil horizons than in the space soil. There were a lot of fine roots and artefacts and burrows in both study areas. The organic matter was majorly low as well as the basic cations, the micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) were moderate but not in quantities that pose danger to the soil. The pH of the soil was slightly acidic to neutral. The level of nitrogen and carbon were also observed as they tend to support heterogeneous bacteria and fungi activities.The soil contained high levels of heterogeneous bacteria and fungi with microbial activities being high at the topsoil, there was evidence of eluviation, illuviation, leaching and translocation of minerals in the soils. There was high variability in soil physical properties than in the chemical. Correlation studies revealed that positive significant relationship (P<0.05) exist between SOM and cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) and negative relationship between sand and WHC, pH and Fe, Cu at Idunowina. At Uniben a high positive relationship exist between THBC and micronutrients and a negative correlation between pH and EA. The soil was classified as Ruptic-Alfic Eutrudept (Orlu Clayey) in Idunowina and as Typic-Eutrudept (Alagba-Clayey). The soil recommend implementing a good water and drainage system in the area as well as strategy that will enhance the organic matter content of the area and planting of trees is another conservative strategy that is encouraged