FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE

This study utilized cellulose for the adsorption of Zn(II) from aqueous solution via batch adsorption process. The effect of the adsorption parameters: Adsorbent Dosage, Initial Concentrations, and Contact time were investigated. examined under various conditions using heavy metal ion (Zn 2+ ) as the adsorbate. The amounts of Zn(II) adsorbed were estimated by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. It was found to obey the langmuir isotherm as it gave the best fit to the isotherm data. The result of kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process obeyed pseudo-second order. After the completion of the adsorption process of Zn(II), the result obtained shows that cellulose can be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) from aqueous solution

Career selection is one of the many important choice all secondary students will have to make at one point of their life to determining their future plans. From research it has been duly noted that student making career choice has been a big problem among students in Nigeria and also the factors that affect the students’ career choice such as family background, finance or peer pressure. Also from research it was deduced that most secondary school have that false mentality that a school can function properly without the activities of the career selection counsellors, because of extra cost of employing career selection counsellors. The main objective of this project is to create a computerized career selection system that will aid secondary students in selecting the proper career according to their academic abilities, best subject, career knowledge and extracurricular activities. This computerized career selection system will not only aid the students but also automate the job career counsellors in doing their job efficiently and passing the latest information on careers to the students.

This study investigates the presence and concentration of potassium bromate in bread samples collected from various bakeries and retail outlets in Ovia North-East,Benin City,Edo State,using colorimetric detection and UV-Visible spectrophotometry.The qualitative analysis employed potassium iodide and hydrochloric acid to detect bromate presence through color changes ,while quantitative analysis utilized spectrophotometry to measure bromate levels accurately.The results revealed that potassium bromate concentrations ranged from (26.95 ± 17.33 µg/g) to (167.72 ±26.00 µg/g), with the highest levels found in Sample I (167.72 ± 26.00 µg/g) and Sample F (155.46 ± 25.96 µg/g), suggesting potential non-compliance with food safety regulations. Findings from this study provide valuable insights into the safety of locally available bread, highlight the need for stricter enforcement of food safety regulations, and raise consumer awareness about the dangers of potassium bromate, contributing to improved public health and regulatory oversight in the region

In this research study, the preparation of Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles (NPs) from Trichosanthes cucumerina seeds was reported to be synthesized by precipitation method using CaCl2 and NaOH as starting materials.The gradual change of the particles from pale yellow to a white precipitate indicated the formation of CaO nanoparticles The synthesized nanoparticle was subjected to characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS).The Phytochemical analysis of the CaO nanoparticles revealed that the aqueous extract was rich in phytochemicals as majority of the phytochemicals tested were positive which resulted in the rational support for the traditional use of T. cucumerina to cure wounds. T. cucumerina has antibacterial components that are effective against wound pathogens such as S. aureus, E. coli, B. cereus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeroginosa. The extracts displayed antibacterial activity against both gram (+) and gram (-) bacterial stain such as indicating the existence of a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties

The proliferation of browser extensions in contemporary web browsers has significantly altered the landscape of user experience and performance.This research endeavors to empirically investigate the impact of browser extensions on web browsing performance, focusing on factors such as page load times, memory consumption, and overall responsiveness. Through a comprehensive analysis of popular browser extensions across different platforms and browsers, coupled with rigorous performance testing methodologies, this study aims to provide insights into the extent to which browser extensions affect the browsing experience. By shedding light on the performance implications of these extensions, this research seeks to inform users, developers, and browser vendors about potential trade- offs and optimizations that can enhance the efficiency and usability of web browsing. The findings of this study are anticipated to contribute to the ongoing discourse on web browser performance optimization and aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the negative impact of browser extensions on user experience

Heterocyclic compounds are very widely distributed in nature and very abundant in plant and animal products. They are included in many biochemical materials essential for life like nucleic acids (nucleotides), sugars and their derivatives, vitamin C and also, most members of vitamin B group (vitamin B6- pyridoxine). They are also found in application of diverse field such as agriculture, pharmaceutical and manufacturing industries. Researches have shown that heterocyclic nuclei give high chemotherapeutic values such as anti-malaria, anti-diabetics, anticancer and also act as a remedy for the development of novel drugs. Imidazole containing moiety occupied a unique position in organic compounds. It is a five-membered nitrogenous heterocyclic moiety that has three carbons, two nitrogens, four hydrogen atoms, and two double bonds having general molecular formula of C3H4N2. It is also known as 1,3-diazole because of the nitrogen atoms present at the first and third positions (non–adjacent position) of the ring, one nitrogen bear a hydrogen atom as the pyridine structure, and the other is called pyrrole type nitrogen
and position four and five are equivalent. It formed the basis of many therapeutic natural products such as histamine, purine, histidine among others

This study applies the transportation model as an optimization tool to address tanker routes problem in petroleum distribution. The research focuses on minimizing transportation cost reducing fuel consumption, and improving operational efficiency in the delivery of petroleum products from supply depots to various demand centers using linear programming techniques, the transportation problem was formulated to determine the optimal routes and cost- effective allocation of tankers. Data were obtained for selected depots and filling stations in Benin city Edo state and analyzed using the Northwest Corner Rule (NCR), Least Cost Method (LCM), Vogel Approximation Method (VAM), Russell Approximation Method (RAM) and Stepping-Stone Optimal Solution

Real life models that are characterized by randomness are best described using Stochastic Ordinary Differential Equations (SODEs). Most SODEs that satisfy existence and uniqueness theorem are often insoluble via the use of analytic methods. Numericals solution are derived and the complexity of generating approximate solutions to SODEs are heightened by the presence of the phenomenon called stiffness. Hence, A-stable numerical methods are desired. This
is a strigent requirement that can only be met by implicit methods.
Two families of A-stable numerical methods for numerical approximation of SODEs are derived using Ito Taylor, Taylor’s series and undetermined coefficients methods. The stability analysis of both families of methods are established using the Boundary locus method.
Families of methods developed are A-stable for 𝑘 ≤ 12. Mean-square stable and strong stable for order 𝑝 = 1. The Numerical implementation generated on the standard test problems in the literature shows that the numerical solution to methods developed are in most cases better when compared to numerical solution generated by existing methods in the literature designed for stiff SODEs. The numerical solutions are also compared with exact solution where they are
available. The numerical solution mimic the exact solution, hence the proposed methods are well suited for the treatment of stiff SODEs.

Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food production sectors globally, and its sustainability depends heavily on maintaining optimal water quality. Poorly balanced feeds or excessive feeding introduce significant organic and nutrient loads into pond ecosystems, accelerating water quality deterioration. This study investigated how different fish feed sizes (2 mm, 3 mm, and 9mm pellets) and their proximate compositions influence pond water quality over a five-day period. Proximate analysis revealed notable variations among the feeds: moisture content exceeded FAO limits (2 mm = 11.3%, 3 mm = 15.2%, 9 mm = 23%), crude fibre ranged from 5.0–12.5%, and the finisher feed contained the highest ash (14%) and protein (32.01%). These compositional differences suggested varying potentials for nutrient leaching and organic loading. Water quality parameters demonstrated clear feed-dependent trends. pH values, although fluctuating, were generally lower than the FAO recommended 6.5–9.0 range, with recorded values spanning 3.4–6.8, reflecting acidification linked to organic decomposition and nitrogenous waste accumulation. Electrical conductivity (EC) increased markedly across treatments, with values reaching as high as 7947 µS/cm, far above the recommended 100–2000 µS/cm range, indicating rapid ionic enrichment from mineral and protein leaching. Heavy metal analysis showed repeated detections of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) at 0.01 mg/L, particularly in 3 mm and 9 mm feeds, matching FAO’s maximum permissible limits and signalling potential long-term risks of bioaccumulation. Major water quality indicators also showed progressive deterioration. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) exceeded 4000 ppm in several treatments, while Total Suspended Solids (TSS) rose daily despite remaining within international guidelines. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) declined rapidly, falling below the safe threshold of 5 mg/L by Day 1 and reaching complete depletion by Day 5 in some ponds. Concurrently, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) increased sharply, exceeding recommended limits by more than ten-fold, driven by microbial activity and excessive organic matter decomposition. Overall, the study demonstrates that feed characteristics—particularly excessive moisture, high protein, and elevated ash contents—combined with feeding intensity, significantly accelerate water quality decline. While nutrient-rich feeds are essential for fish growth, improper management can destabilize pond ecosystems through acidification, mineral accumulation, oxygen depletion, and heavy-metal introduction. Sustainable aquaculture therefore requires not only balanced feed formulation but also controlled feeding practices, continuous monitoring of key water parameters, and the integration of aeration or water-exchange strategies to prevent environmental stress and ensure fish survival.

The purpose of this project is to pevent a theoretical model (by I. Hamitonian for the thickness of the active region of the Quantum Well Solar Cell Wafer. The model is quite rich in parameters that can be tuned to get desired results.