BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

This study examines the relationship between customer satisfaction and business profitability in selected pharmaceutical outlets, focusing on five constructs: product and service quality, perceived value, customer expectations, customer loyalty, and repurchase intention. Using a quantitative design, data were collected from 154 customers and employees through structured questionnaires. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of each variable on profitability. Results showed that product and service quality, perceived value, and customer expectations had positive but statistically insignificant effects. In contrast, customer loyalty (B = 0.308, p = 0.000) and repurchase intention (B = 0.209, p = 0.016) had significant positive impacts, with loyalty emerging as the strongest predictor of profitability. The study recommends that pharmaceutical outlets invest in loyalty-enhancing initiatives, develop customer retention strategies, train staff in customer-centric service, leverage digital engagement tools, and integrate satisfaction metrics into strategic planning.

The study investigated the impact of entrepreneurial training on youth employment within Akoko Edo Local Government Area of Edo State. To achieve the purpose of thestudy, three research questions were raised and answered. The research design adopted for this study is the cross-sectional research design. Thepopulation for this study comprised of all the 404,218 residents fromfour (4) townsinAkoko Edo Local Government Area, namely: Igarra, Enwan, Ekpedo, and Ososo. Thesample size for this study consisted of four hundred (400) respondents. The data collectedfor this study were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Descriptive statistics, ix such as frequency distributions and percentages, were employed to provide a preliminarysummary of the respondents’ demographic characteristics and response patterns. Findings from the study revealed that workshops and seminars play a significant rolein equipping youths with practical skills, technical knowledge, and business exposurethat enhance their employability and entrepreneurial readiness. It was concluded that well-structured entrepreneurial training initiatives are instrumental in shaping a productive, economically active, and self-reliant youth population. Based on the findings, it wasrecommended that government agencies, NGOs, and community-based organizationsshould organize more frequent and well-structured entrepreneurial workshops andseminars across Akoko Edo to ensure that youths acquire practical skills relevant tocurrent labour market needs

The major focus of the study is to find out if there exist relationship between, themarketing practices and the benefits to the stakeholders of the HealthInstitutionin Nigeria. Specifically, the objective of the study is to ascertaintheef ectiveness, extent, how to adopt and accept fully marketing practices intheactivities of the hospitals in Nigeria. This study is important in order toimprovethe activities of Health Institution in Nigeria for the customers andclient tobenefit more than ever before. In the study the descriptive survey methodwasadopted for use and the questionnaire used to collect data for the study. Thesample of 900 respondents were from some 50 hospitals fromsix states of thesouth-south zone of Nigeria. The sampling technique used to get the sampleswas the judgmental technique. Four hypotheses were formulated to test thedatacollected and analysed with chi-square.The findings showed that therewasapositive and significant relationship between the marketing practices andthebenefits to be derived by the customer and clients of the Health InstitutionsinNigeria. And the main conclusion therefore is that the Health InstitutionsinNigeria should accept and adopt fully the use of marketing practices intheiractivities for more successes and achievements in the duties of the HospitalsinNigeria. This thesis recommends that hospitals should adopt andacceptmarketing practices fully in its activities. This, they can do by budgetingformarketing, planning for marketing, having trained marketing staf , havingamarketing department and head of the department who should be professionallytrained in marketing. They should follow the marketing methods as usedbytheprofit-making organizations.

This study examined management consultancy role in the performance of SMEs usingsome selected business around Ugbowo area of Benin City as case study. The specificobjective includes the rationale for SME's engagement of consultants, the roleof consultancy services in SMEs management, business challenges and consultancyservice role in solving them and criteria for consultancy selection among SMEs. Thesurvey research design was adopted for this study. The population of this study coversselected business that have engaged consultant as well as a consultant at Hadi consultancy limited. Interview were used as the research instrument and atotal of three SMEs and one consultant were interviewed. The study based on the results of the interviews conducted; found out that consultantsdo have relevant and adequate knowledge in how to improve business performanceasa result of their industrial experience and market knowledge. The study recommended that there is the utmost need to build long-termconsultingrelationships rather than one-of engagements, allowing consultants to have adeeperunderstanding of the SME’s challenges and objectives, there is the need to Implement systems for tracking and measuring the impact of consulting services onSMEperformance to ensure that the services are delivering tangible benefits, andalsotheneed to establish a feedback mechanism where SMEs can provide input ontheef ectiveness and relevance of consulting services, allowing for continuousimprovement

Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Commitment in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City.

This study was carried out with the aim to examine employees’ engagement in decision strategy and organizational performance: a case of study of Zenith Bank Nigeria Plc. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the relationship between team work, information sharing, employee consultation, employee delegation, collective bargaining on organizational performance. To achieve this objective, a total of one hundred (100) questionnaires were administered to the respondents, and ninety-four (94) of the questionnaires were properly filled, returned and were used for the analysis. The data gathered from the administered questionnaires were analyzed using two methods, the simple percentages and the Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The hypotheses of this study were tested using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression technique. The findings from analysis revealed among other things that there is a significant relationship between employee consultation, collective bargaining and organizational performance. The study also revealed that there is no significant relationship between team work, information sharing, employee delegation and organizational performance. In line with the findings, the study recommended that management of banking sector should encourage the practice of team work by either sponsoring training of staff on team work or organizing seminars that will enhance the practice of team work, which will in turn promote organizational performance.

In today's world, which is very much undergoing technological development and its daily impacts on human life, organizations cannot survive without adapting to the external environment and generating new ideas and commercializing them. Thus, for a successful presence in global markets, SMEs need to develop and implement new ideas. In fact, innovation is the response that organizations show to developments and changes in order to survive and compete with other organizations (Ghafari, Karjalian & Mashayekhnia, 2011). Currently, customer relationship management is seen as a factor to improve innovation capabilities and gain competitive advantages in the market, and it will be effective and efficient for organizations performance.

This study examines the influence of business strategies on the performance of startup businesses in selected small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ugbowo, Benin City, Edo State. Specifically, it focuses on four core strategies: cost leadership, product differentiation, digital marketing, and customer relationship management (CRM). The research was guided by four key questions that sought to examine how these strategies impact business growth, market share, customer acquisition, and retention. A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 147 employees across four registered SMEs in Ugbowo. The results highlight that cost leadership strategies significantly enhance profitability and competitive advantage, enabling startups to set competitive pricing and attract a broader customer base. Product differentiation strategies, while fostering customer retention, lead to increased competition in market share. Digital marketing, particularly through social media and search engine optimization (SEO), proves essential for customer acquisition. Lastly, CRM strategies are found to positively impact customer retention rates, aiding startups in maintaining long-term customer relationships. The findings reveal the critical role of these business strategies in improving startup performance and suggest that SMEs in Ugbowo prioritize their implementation to enhance sustainability and growth. Recommendations are provided for startups to adopt cost-effective measures, differentiate their products, leverage digital marketing tools, and utilize CRM systems to maximize their potential for success.

This project explores the intricate relationship between the business environment and organizational growth. In today's dynamic and ever-changing landscape, businesses face numerous internal and external factors that influence their growth trajectory. This study delves into the multifaceted nature of the business environment, examining the impact of economic, technological, social, and regulatory factors on organizations of various sizes and industries. The research methodology includes a comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and surveys to provide a holistic understanding of the subject. It also investigates the strategies employed by successful organizations to leverage opportunities and mitigate risks within their respective business environments. Furthermore, this project aims to provide valuable insights for business leaders, managers, and policymakers, enabling them to make informed decisions that foster sustainable growth in an increasingly complex world. By shedding light on the nuances of the business environment and its profound influence on organizational growth, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on effective business strategies and adaptability in a rapidly changing global landscape

The study examines the relationship between performance appraisal and organizational
productivity. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between employee training
and development, employee compensation, organizational strength, organizational size and
organizational productivity. The study employs a quantitative and longitudinal research design in which secondary data are
collected from the quoted food and beverages companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the
period of 2012 to 2017. Multiple regression technique, descriptive statistic and Pearson
correlation matrix are performed using EViews 8.0 econometric software. The findings show that employee training and development has a positive coefficient and
significant relationship with organizational productivity, employee compensation has a positive
coefficient and significant relationship with organizational productivity, organizational strength
has a negative coefficient and insignificant relationship with organizational productivity and
organizational size has a positive coefficient and insignificant relationship with organizational
productivity. The study concludes that performance appraisal is the procedures adopted by
management to evaluate the personality and the performance of the employee in organizations. The study recommends that management should engage in regular employee training for
improved organizational productivity