NIN

In order for Small and Medium-scale Enterprises (SMEs) to achieve their strategic objectives and maintain financial stability, effective budgeting is essential. In the context of SMEs operating in Benin City, Nigeria, this case study investigates the importance of budgeting. This study attempts to emphasize the crucial role budgeting plays in setting clear objectives, managing resources effectively, and ultimately spurring business success by looking at the experiences of several SMEs in the area. To collect information from a varied sample of
SMEs, the study uses both qualitative and quantitative research approaches, including surveys and interviews. It clarifies the difficulties and advantages of budgeting procedures in Benin City's SME sector through thorough examination. The results highlight the crucial significance of budgeting as a foundational skill. A tool for SMEs to overcome financial difficulties, improve financial performance, and realize their long-term objectives. This study also offers helpful advice and suggestions for SMEs in Benin City and beyond, highlighting the importance of strategic budgeting as a cornerstone of long-term company growth.

This study investigated the challenges of collection development and its effect on services to library users: a case study of John Harris Library, University of Benin, Edo State. Five research questions were developed to direct the researcher in achieving the study's goal. 45
librarians from the John Harris library at the University of Benin made up the sample population, and the inquiry used a descriptive survey research design. 45 librarians made up the sample using a proportionate random sampling method. Relevant information was gathered from the sample by direct interaction and distribution of copies of a questionnaire created by researchers about the difficulties of collection development and how they affect library user services (CCDESLUQ). Tables were used to present the data collected, and mean-based descriptive statistics were used to analyze them. The threshold for making decisions was a mean score of 2.5 on the criterion. The results of the analysis of the dada show that the John Harris Library's collection development policies are acquisition and implementation, collection and borrowing, reference, and selection policies; the process includes consideration of user needs, careful selection of importations, weeding of materials (information), and materials ordered are being received and checked at the library during collection development; the challenges of collection development are high; and finally, the findings show that the library's collection development policy is acquisition and implementation. Some of the repercussions include students performing poorly academically, poor and ineffective service delivery, environmental congestion for library users, and inadequate appraisal of items by library users. 9
The findings led to some recommendations, such as the following: All stakeholders should be involved in the collection development process; more librarians and experts in the field of library and informational services should be hired to reduce the workload for the existing librarians; adequate funding funding for the library should be provided for effective planning and implementation of collection development policies; and deficiencies in adequate facilities in the library should be addressed.

This project was centered on card based security system. The current process of security is being operated manually and due to this procedure numerous problem are been encountered. A design was taken to computerized the manual process in order to check this problem. The problems were identified after series of interviews and examination of documents after which analysis was made and a computerized procedure recommended. This project will also suggest how to successfully implement the computerized procedure
and to overcome the obstacle that would hinder the successful implementation of the system. The new system was designed using Microsoft visual basic 6.0 programming language. This language was chosen because of its easy syntax and features for developing windows based applications.

his study sought the Correlates of Broken Homes and the Undergraduate Students Academic Performance in the University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State. The major institution for humans is the family, also known as the household or home. Using a survey research method approach, this study investigates the major causes of broken homes among undergraduate students in the university of Benin, challenges they faced, coping strategies they employ to deal with the challenges and the institutional establishments available to help them. The findings of this study reveal that divorce or separation and prolonged parental absence are the major causes of broken homes. It also found that while both students from broken and intact homes face challenges, it is often more intense on those from broken homes. A majority ofthe respondents indicated that participating in study groups with their peers has helped them cope with some of the challenges. The study also found that institutional establishments are in place to help the students to cope with their challenges, although some are unaware of them. The study recommends that better programs should be established to help the students and also awareness programs to inform them the availability ofthe programs in the University of Benin. The study contributes to the literature on the impact of family structure on academic outcomes.

This study examines biology teachers’ willingness to integrate Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) into their instructional practices, identifying key barriers and enablers to
adoption in secondary schools. A descriptive survey design was employed, with data collected
from thirty (30) biology teachers across schools, using a Likert-scale questionnaire. Findings revealed strong teacher willingness, with high enthusiasm for ICT tools and peer
advocacy. However, systemic challenges particularly unstable electricity, inadequate school
infrastructure, and insufficient training significantly hindered implementation. Teachers
proposed actionable solutions, including regular subject-specific training, dedicated technical
support teams, and biology-focused ICT tools. The study concludes that while biology teachers are predisposed to adopt ICT, transformative
integration requires targeted interventions addressing infrastructure deficits, professional
development, and curricular flexibility. These findings contribute to the Technology Acceptance
Model (TAM) by contextualizing its constructs within resource-constrained educational settings. Recommendations are provided for policymakers, school administrators, and teacher training
programs to bridge the gap between willingness and effective ICT adoption.