FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

The influence of fertility rate and life expectancy on economic growth cannot be overemphasized. This study examined empirically examined the fertility rate, life expectancy and economic growth in Nigeria employing the use an ECM model as its tool of data analysis. The scope of the study is from 1981-2021 to reflect current dynamics in the real sector as well as the social sectors (demographics). Based on the findings of this study, it was discovered that life expectancy significantly influences economic growth in Nigeria. While fertility rate has an insignificant impact on economic growth. Also, government expenditures on health and education does not significantly affect economic growth in the period under consideration. In light of the above findings, significant resources should be allocated to the health and educational sectors as this would boost health care delivery and literacy rate in Nigeria. This is because it is only a healthy and educated workforce that can contributed meaningfully to the growth process of Nigeria. The study concluded that life expectancy is a key determinant of
economic growth in Nigeria.

The development of children and youth is an integral concern for the future of any society, and street hawking especially by girls has been a common thing in most parts of developing world. It is a common phenomenon in Nigeria today which appear to be prevalent in the urban areas. Hawking is a form of trade in which the seller carries goods from one place to another in search of prospective buyers. Child-Street hawking refers to the selling of goods carried out by a person below the age of eighteen (child-street hawker). According to Anyanwu, 2017), Street hawking refers to a wandering like movement in which an individual carries his or her goods with a tray on the head or by means of transportation such as wheel barrow, bicycle or trolley in search of customers. This is usually accompanied by at least one form of advertisement - shouting the name of the item on sale, using bell or special mannerism to attract the attention or interest of the
public. It is a trading activity characterized by movement across street in residential
areas in which the hawker aims at selling his goods to any interested buyer. Ezenwa
(2011) opines that an adolescent street hawker is a person under the age of 15 years
who hawks goods and renders services on the commercial road or street.

This study analyses the interrelationships between fiscal deficit, domestic debt and economic growth in Nigeria. Using data between the period of 1981-2019. This study employed the use of Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Co Integration test, Vector Error Correction (VEC) Lag Exclusion Wald Tests, Vector Error Correction (VECM) technique and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD) analysis. The study utilized fiscal deficit, domestic debt, foreign debt and tax revenue as the independent variable used for the study. The findings proved that there is a negative and significant relationship between fiscal deficit and economic growth in Nigeria. It also revealed that budget deficit, foreign debt and tax revenue have significant impact on growth while domestic debt has an insignificant impact. The study recommends that for a desired level of growth to be accomplished in the country, the issue of budgeting, debt and taxation in Nigeria must be critically addressed with a view to optimizing economic
welfare.

The study was designed to examine the challenges and prospects of fraud control in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The objectives of the study include the following; to find out the impact of fraud control measures, on the overall management of Egor Local Government, to find out the local government council employees knowledge base on the concept of fraud in the public organisation sector. To find out effective fraud control measures influence on prevention and detection of fraud, and to find out the problem of fraud and how to curb it. The study adopted survey research design. The population of study of this research is made up of all staffs of Egor local government council which is 1,156. The sample size of this study is respondents selected randomly from the population of the study. The instrument used for the collection of data was the questionnaire which was administered to the study sampled respondents. 150 questionnaires were distributed with a 100% retrieval. The data collected was analyzed using simple percentage. The study revealed amongst others that Egor local government does not have modern technological devices to track the inflow and outflow of revenue in the council. Furthermore, policy recommendations were proffered, one of which is that Egor local government should acquire and utilize modern technological devices for transactions. This can help to track all payments and transactions made in the council.

This study examined the effectiveness of IPPIS in eliminating ghost workers in public service: A case study of University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The study adopted the survey design through the use of questionnaire which was used to collect data from
targeted respondents. The data was analysed using percentages and chi-square statistics. The result showed that the introduction of IPPS does not effectively eliminate ghost workers from the Nigeria public sector. The existence of ghost workers frauds affects the public sector service delivery, of University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The introduction of IPPIS enhances transparency and accountability in of University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The study recommended that government should strengthened the internal control mechanism of IPPIS so as to continuously detect and block any loopholes that will give room for fraud as well as carrying out routine Audit and inspection of the program so as to ensure strict compliance with laid down rules and regulations
governing the operation of IPPIS, coupled with compliance with the provisions of Financial Regulations and the Civil Service Rules. Public authorities should strive to be independent of politicians and their influence on the affairs and policies that concern
local authorities by employing elected delegates that are skilled to work in the local authorities as they will be able to act in a manner that is best for the local authority and not for political agendas. Public authorities should start engaging in revenue generating activities and projects so as not to depend on the financial assistance from the central government.

Spatial distribution of health infrastructure in Edo State using Oredo Local Government area as a case is examined. The location of healthcare facilities in the twelve wards of the local government areas is presented against the background of the pattern of population distribution. Data was obtained from both primary and secondary source. Methods of data analysis are simple ratio, percentages and averages. The Geographic Information Systems analysis was used in spatially depicting data, while coefficient of localization analysis was run with SPSS to determine the level of uniformity in distribution of health facilities with respect to
population distribution. Findings show that distribution of he alth care facilities, are not exactly uniform with respect to population distribution among the wards in Oredo Local Government Area. Perception analysis on accessibility, reveal that accessibility to health facilities is average, due to the reasons of poorly maintained accessible roads and financial affordability. The study concluded by recommending a policy of deliberate dispersal of health care services to areas of insufficiency as well locating intending new and affordable health facilities in ideal and accessible locations. It is also suggested that the Government should make provision for better transport systems, improved staffing and equipment in health care centres

The focus of this study is on the effect of conflicts on economic integration of West African States. This is premised on the fact that almost all the States in the sub-region have been engulfed by one form of conflict at one time or the other, some of which have resulted in State collapse. Empirical data were gathered from relevant sources during the course of this research. For developing countries, regional integration is far more than just market integration. Thus, integration in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has become synonymous with economic development, with enhanced intra-regional trade being only one component of such development. ECOWAS ought to have been the mechanism for galvanising the West African sub-region into the globalisation phenomenon. However, the organisation is making little efforts in its realistic integration efforts after more than two decades. This state of affairs is attributable to the strife-torn inter-state
relationships characterising the sub-region. Thus, coups, fratricidal conflicts and insurgency have become implacable words in the political discourse of the sub-region. The study concludes that the preponderance of conflicts in the sub-region, which are mostly offshoot of regional leaders’ fixation on the Clausewitzian concept of security (state-centric conception of security), has negatively affected integration efforts of the sub-region

Graetz (2006) asserts that all learning takes place in a physical environment with quantifiable and perceptible physical characteristics, be it in a large lecture hall, underneath a tree, or in front of a computer screen. Lizzio, Wilson and Simons (2002) identified the learning environment as a major variable in the interacting system of thelearning process. Learning environment and how it is perceived by the students or learners have been identified as having major influence on both learning processes and outcomes. In this regard, Frenzel, Pekrun and Goetz (2007) reports that numerous studies have clearly demonstrated the significant relationship between perceived learning environmentand student achievement. Randhawa and Michayluk (1974) attribute much of the reliable variance in student performance to the aptitude of the learner and the environment of learning. In the view of Zhu,Valcke, Schellens and Li (2009), the quality of student learning seems to be closely related to their perceptions of the learning environment. In view of the foregoing, recent years have witnessed an increasing global interestand concern among all educational stakeholders regarding the role of learning environment in education cutting across all levels, from the most basic level of learning, to to the most advanced levels of tertiary education.

The whole world has been shrunk from a global large to global tiny such that local happenings are formed as a results of events that occurs many miles away. Feminism which is the belief in the social, economic and political equality of sexes has also be globalized. This study focused on understanding Globalization and Feminism in Benin Metropolis ; how both concepts are intertwined and how they play out in the City ; to make this possible, four research questions were raised to examine the objectives of the study. Based on the findings of the study, it has been revealed that globalization has less positive impact than negative impact on women. On the positive impact, it has provided women with employment and also women’s right are established. The negative impacts is that is has caused as shown by the study is that is has caused role conflict among women in the home and it has also make women loose cultural value. The study also reveal that women are not given equal opportunities with men and they are not fully represented in politics in Benin Metropolis. Respondents agree that oppression of women in the society is caused by patriarchal norm. Some recommendations were proffered.

This study examines globalization and stock market growth in Nigeria. A review of the literature reveals that trade and investment flows has helped different countries to developed more quickly and equally increased stock of productive capital without compromising their level of consumption. The primary objectives of the study is to test the hypothesis that there exist a positive relationship between globalization and stock market growth in Nigeria. In this research work, data were collected mainly from
secondary sources, e.g. central bank of Nigeria (CBN), Bureau of statistics. Upon the above, the analysis carried out reveals that globalization has a positive impact on growth of the Nigerian economy. In this study we reached the conclusion that the Nigerian stock market remains fundamental segment of Nigerian financial system and growth. The study recommend among others that there is need to further liberalize the economy but this must be done with caution so as to avoid the negative impact of the
trade liberalization