2021

The study sought to evaluate the perception of UNIBENN students on the media brokers in peace and conflict resolutions in the 21 st century. The researcher revealed that the changing nature of peace and conflict resolution as brought by trends in modern communication technologies have af orded the media to be active participants in the negotiation process. However, the study shows that UNIBEN students of mass communication have little knowledge about the concept especially in the area of peace journalism to foster stability in crisis prone areas. Anchored on the agenda setting theory, the researcher articulates views that with the media ability to set the agenda for the society, it can help through its programme content drive social change and advocate peace oriented messages giving the society’s impression on the media as credible institution to push their course. The study adopted the survey research design method eliciting findings that the influence of the media on the society has weakened the power of diplomats in foreign af airs as well as the sovereignty of national government. To this end, the researcher revealed that as the media functions as mediators and peace brokers, the role of brokers is been threatened. The study concludes that institutions of government should make frantic ef orts towards improving a stronger synergy with the power house of information- the media. The study also looked at the knowledge of the new concept amongst student of mass communication advocating for the need to fully review the curriculum to accommodate this new trend in public diplomacy as
well as charting a direction towards peace journalism most especially in the African continent, Nigeria especially.

The study sought to evaluate the perception of UNIBENN students on the media brokers in peace and conflict resolutions in the 21 st century. The researcher revealed that the changing nature of peace and conflict resolution as brought by trends in modern communication technologies have af orded the media to be active participants in the negotiation process. However, the study shows that UNIBEN students of mass communication have little knowledge about the concept especially in the area of peace journalism to foster stability in crisis prone areas. Anchored on the agenda setting theory, the researcher articulates views that with the media ability to set the agenda for the society, it can help through its programme content drive social change and advocate peace oriented messages giving the society’s impression on the media as credible institution to push their course. The study adopted the survey research design method eliciting findings that the influence of the media on the society has weakened the power of diplomats in foreign af airs as well as the sovereignty of national government. To this end, the researcher revealed that as the media functions as mediators and peace brokers, the role of brokers is been threatened. The study concludes that institutions of government should make frantic ef orts towards improving a stronger synergy with the power house of information- the media. The study also looked at the knowledge of the new concept amongst student of mass communication advocating for the need to fully review the curriculum to accommodate this new trend in public diplomacy as
well as charting a direction towards peace journalism most especially in the African continent, Nigeria especially.

The study investigates the Respondents’ view on impact of sleep on students’ health residing in the University of Benin hostel. Four (4) research questions were raised and answered, also literature of other researchers were reviewed. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design, data was collected through the aid of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured according to the research questions and distributed to sample population of 100 respondents. The findings of the study revealed that that sleep has great impact on the health of students residing which can determine their level of academic performance in school based on their frequency of falling sick. Adequacy of sleep helps students to resistant to certain illness that is associated to inadequate sleep. Sleep patterns also have impact on the health of students residing in the University of Benin hostel due to the fact that students will good sleeping pattern are always mentally sound, while students who have poor seeping pattern are susceptible to fall ill regularly. Also, sleeping disorder have impact on the health of students residing in the University of Benin hostel as it can result to chronic diseases in that are detrimental to the life of the student which can make students academically backwards. It was however recommended that more awareness should be given to students in the importance of maintaining a good sleeping pattern and its impact on their health and academic performance; and that the government and the school management should ensure that that the school curriculum is not overwhelming for students as such that can disrupt their sleeping pattern.

Efficient water management is essential for both domestic and industrial applications, particularly in regions where water scarcity and irregular supply are prevalent. This study presents the design and development of an automatic water pump controller system aimed at optimizing water usage and preventing wastage caused by overflow and dry running of pumps. The system is designed to automatically monitor water levels in storage tanks and control the operation of the pump without the need for human intervention.
The controller integrates sensors for water level detection, a control unit for signal processing, and a switching mechanism to activate or deactivate the pump based on predefined thresholds. When the water level in the tank falls below a minimum level, the system automatically switches on the pump, and it switches off the pump once the tank is full. Additionally, protective features such as dry-run protection and power fluctuation safeguards are incorporated to enhance system reliability and extend pump lifespan.
The prototype was constructed using cost-effective and locally available components and was tested under different operating conditions. Results demonstrate that the system effectively maintains desired water levels, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes water wastage. The developed automatic water pump controller provides a reliable, affordable, and user-friendly solution for improving water management in households and small-scale facilities

One of the basic needs of man is housing. Over 90% of physical infrastructure in Nigeria are being constructed using sandcrete blocks making it a very important material in building construction. it is widely used in Nigeria, Ghana, and other African countries as load bearing and non-bearing walling units. For a long time in Nigeria, sandcrete blocks are manufactured in many parts of the country without any effort to satisfy local building requirements or good quality work. In the year 2000, and in an attempt to enhance the use of the best materials and manufacturing practice, the Standard Organization of Nigeria developed a reference document which prescribed the minimum requirements and uses of different kinds of sandcrete blocks. This study put into consideration the effects of curing on the compressive strength property of 150mm thick sandcrete blocks produced by commercial block industries in Benin metropolis of Nigeria. Commercial sandcrete blocks were randomly selected from three (3) block moulding sites, the curing practices and the mix ratio of the blocks gotten from the various sites were taken into account and was left for 28 days after wish the compressive test was done on them. The mix ratio gotten from the sites were 1:12, 1:14 and 1:16. Also, in the structural Laboratory of the University of Benin, sandcrete blocks were moulded with the same mix ratio from the various sites as control and also to the standard 1:6 mix ratios and was cured for 28 days by watering every morning and evening up to the testing dates. The 28day compressive test results were compared with those cured in the sites. The results gotten from site range from 0.303N/mm2 to 0.763N/mm2 , while those cured in the University Laboratory range from 0.425N/mm2 to 0.875 N/mm2 . These results indicate the 28-day compressive strengths of blocks. the compressive strengths of all the blocks made from site and labouratory for mix ratios of 1:12, 1:14 and 1:16 were below the minimum requirements xi of 2.8N/mm2 by the British Standard BS 6073, although the block from the labouratory gave a higher value of compressive strength to that of the site for each corresponding mix ratio. The value gotten from the standard mix ratio (1:6) was 3.058N/mm2 which was more than the minimum specification for sandcrete blocks. This study concludes that improper curing method and mix ratios are responsible for the poor quality of commercial sandcrete block made in Benin metropolis.

This study accesses the socio-economic effects of rural-urban migration on selected peri-urban and rural settlements in Ovia North-East Local Government Area. The objectives of the study were to identify the causes of rural-urban migration in the
selected rural and peri-urban community, highlight the effects of rural-urban migration and suggest ways of controlling rural-urban migration in the study area. The study was carried out through the use of cross-sectional survey design, which essentially
involves the collection of data from sampled population at one point in time to be used to draw inferences for the entire population. Structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information through field survey conducted in the study area. The method of data collection was through questionnaire. The questions were structured in a way that it consists of tructured/close–ended questions and unstructured/open-ended questions, to collect information on the socio-economic and
demographic characteristics of the respondents, the causes and effects of rural-urban migration in the study area as well as the possible ways to checkmate the increasing rate of rural-urban migration. The questions also elicit response for the purpose of
analysing the socio-economic effects of rural-urban migration on selected peri-urban rural settlements in Ekiadolor and Ugbogiobo. From the analysis of data the study showed that the out-migration of people to urban areas from the study area has had significant impacts on Ekiadolor and Ugbogiobo Communities as affirmed by 70.78% of the sampled population, unemployment and lack of basic amenities are major 12 factors responsible for the migration of people from the study area to urban areas. The study recommends that government should put appropriate structures in place to create a conducive and enabling environment for rural businesses in Ekiadolor and Ugbogiobo to thrive and also create skill acquisition centres in the study area aimed to complement employment opportunities by enabling the youth to be trained within their rural domain while still having the opportunity to participate in agricultural activities such as farming.

Antimicrobial resistance is mainly caused by the overuse, underuse or misuse of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is defined as a microorganism's resistance to an antimicrobial drug that was once able to treat an infection by that microorganism The present study was designed to assess the prevalence of MRSA among outpatients presenting Evboutubu primary health center, Egor LGA Benin city, Nigeria. A total of 11 urine and swab samples were studied between February 2021 to April 2021. This study was extrapolated from a wider study of MDRE and MRSA prevalence among patients in health centers in Benin-city, Nigeria. Microbial enumeration and identification were carried out using cultural and biochemical methods. Microbial counts were carried out using cultural characterization, Gram staining techniques and biochemical tests including; oxidase, indole, sugar fermentation, citrate, motility, methyl red, catalase, urease and antimicrobial susceptibility test (using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique). Most of the samples tested were positive for S. aureus and MRSA. From the study, it was observed that, patients between the ages of 18-24 and 25-34 had the highest percentage of MRSA (45.5%), while females had a higher percentage (54.6%) than males, other works had the highest frequency of 36.4% and Patients receiving between 11,000-99,999 had the highest percentage of 77.8%. Findings from this study revealed that both S. aureus and MRSA had high prevalence in the distribution by participants’ social demographic characteristics. Therefore, MRSA poses a potential public health risk and ntimicrobial sensitivity and resistance must ultimately be understood at the population, organism, cellular, and molecular levels if
antimicrobial resistance is to be reduced.

Water is one of the elements and the necessity that most major global to the daily life. The physico-chemical properties of the upstream, midstream and downstream of Udu River in Delta State, Nigeria were investigated in this work. The properties
were compared to the World Health Organization (WHO). The physico-chemical properties considered and their average values are pH (7.06 ± 1.01), temperature (31.33 ± 0.58℃), turbidity (10.22±1.10 NTU), alkalinity (8.77±0.68 mg/L), electrical conductivity (140.03±62.50 𝜇S/cm), dissolved oxygen (2.67±0.25 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (1.65±0.35 mg/L), total dissolved solids (79.82±35.61 mg/L), total suspended solids (0.87±0.56 mg/L), nitrate (5.19±0.51 mg/L), chloride (6.67±2.96mg/L), bicarbonate (2.51±0.27 mg/L), sulphate (1.13±0.32 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (16.00±5.29 mg/L), phosphate (8.06±4.34 mg/L), total hardness (15.61±2.13 mg/L), iron (0.77±0.12 mg/L), zinc (0.01±0.01 mg/L), Chromium (0.18±0.07 mg/L), manganese (0.07±0.06 mg/L), copper (0.03±0.00), sodium (0.70±0.00 mg/L) and potassium (0.82±0.00 mg/L). The values of the
physico-chemical properties in comparison with the WHO standards of portable water indicate that Udu River needs to be constantly monitored in order to preserve its quality for safe consumption.

The study was designed to investigated the agricultural potentials of a degraded Ultisols in a humid ecological zone of Edo State. The objectives of the study is to investigate the agricultural potentials of the soil. A reconnaissance survey was undertaking to identify the field characteristics, and a representative profile was dug at the University of Benin Agriculture farm. Themorphology, physical and chemical properties of the soil was evaluated. Soil sample was collected from the profile horizons and analyzed using standard procedures. Generally, the soil was well drained, deep, absence of rock. The soil was generally sandy loam in texture. Soil reaction was acidic (5.2 – 5.3), ECEC was low (1.29 – 1.64Cmol kg-1) and base saturation was high (84.96 – 90.00%). Correlation analysis was employed to show the relationship between the physical and chemical parameters of the soil. Six soil properties were positively significant while two were negatively significant. The study provided baseline information forfuture research efforts on soil quality. The study recommended sound agronomic practices especially erosion control measures should be encouraged that further detailed studies could be conducted to examine soil quality in specific time period for sustainable land use

This study investigated the effectiveness in using Nigeria pidgin in advertisement using the popular Wazobia fm 95.land independent television (ITV) and radio. This study examines how effective the use of Nigerian pidgin is in getting the attention of listeners and also in advertisement; In doing this, a four research questions were raised to guide the study. We adopted the descriptive survey method using self-administer questionnaire to collect data. The data gathered from the questionnaire revealed that Nigerian pidgin in advertisement is Widely used and listened to among persons resident in Benin City and that most persons fully understand it and are being carried along.