F.U. AGHEDO

This study examined private cost of adult learning, using Pioneer and Panacea adult literacy centres as a case study. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, Four research questions were raised and answered while, one 1 hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The population of the Study consists of 78 adult learners enrolled in Pioneer and Panacea literacy centers. Using, a census sampling due to the small population size. The study adopted the questionnaire as instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated through experts’ judgment approach and was tested for reliability through the Cronbach’s alpha method. After computing, the data collected was analyzed using the Cronbach’s alpha method, and thus, a Cronbach’s alpha co- efficient of 0.70 were obtained. The data collected in the study was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics which involved; the use of frequency count, simple percentages, means score and standard deviation.

This study explores the integration of vocational training into academic curricula in Nigeria, emphasizing its potential to bridge the gap between education and the labor market, thereby addressing the nation's challenges of unemployment and economic development. With a historical emphasis on theoretical learning, the Nigerian education system has left graduates ill- equipped with the practical skills demanded by employers. This research identifies the critical benefits of incorporating vocational education, such as enhanced employability, entrepreneurship promotion, and alignment with national development goals. The methodology employed for this research involved a descriptive survey design, targeting adult learners at the Pioneer Literacy Centre in Benin City. A sample of 50 participants was selected using simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire designed with a modified Likert scale. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: personal demographic data and specific research questions. The validity of the instrument was ensured through expert review, while reliability was assessed using test-retest methods. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, focusing on frequency counts, percentages, and mean scores to draw conclusions regarding the integration of vocational aining.Additionally, the study draws comparisons with successful global models, showcasing the importance of dual education systems that combine academic learning with practical workplace training. It highlights the necessity of fostering collaborations between educational institutions and industries, addressing resource constraints, and changing societal perceptions of
vocational education to enhance its attractiveness. Despite facing challenges like inadequate funding and societal biases, this study advocates for a multi-stakeholder approach that includes government initiatives, public-private partnerships, and public awareness campaigns. Through comprehensive analysis, the research underscores the transformative potential of vocational
education in fostering economic empowerment and social inclusion, ultimately contributing to sustainable development in Nigeria.

This study investigated the influence of facilitators attitude on the achievement of learners’ outcome in literacy centers in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. Related literature of scholars views on the study were reviewed. The study adopted descriptive survey research design, the total population of the study employed were three thousand (3000) learners with sample population of one hundred and fifty respondents. The research instrument employed for this study was a self-structured questionnaire that sought information from the respondents from selected literacy centres. The reliability of the research instrument was ascertained using test-retest reliability technique. The reliability of the retrieved instrument was ascertained using Pearson Moment Coefficient Correlation. A reliability coefficient score of 0.76 was obtained. Data was collected from the respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count and simple percentages. The findings revealed that The positive attitude exhibited by facilitators towards work influence the achievement of learners’ outcome. The positive attitude of facilitators promotes the achievement of learners’ outcome. Facilitators qualification influences the ;achievement of learner’s outcome. Based on the findings revealed above, the following recommendations were made: To ensure learners' success, adult education planners and administrators must take appropriate measures to address facilitators' attitudes towards work. This includes ensuring timely payment of salaries, increasing facilitators' salaries, and creating a positive and conducive work environment to motivate and engage facilitators. The attitude of facilitators in promoting the achievement of learners’ outcome should be a paramount interest to both government and adult education planners to enhance quality outcome of learners. Furthermore, facilitators' educational qualifications have a significant impact on learners' outcomes, and adult education planners and administrators should prioritize providing seminars and symposiums to keep facilitators informed of the latest trends. Finally, the study highlights the importance of teaching experience in achieving learners' outcomes. Therefore, adult education learners should seek out facilitators with extensive teaching experience, as those who are welltrained tend to yield better results than those who are less experienced.