ADULT WISTAR RATS

Tetrapleura tetraptera¸ commonly known as Aidan fruit, is a tropical plant indigenous to Western and Central Africa. Botanically, it belongs to the Fabaceae or Leguminosae family and is renowned for its distinctive four-winged fruit pods, which inspired its name tetraptera. This plant has been a prominent part of West African traditional medicine and culinary practices for generations. Several reports have documented that the various parts of the plant have various medicinal properties and it
also possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and antioxidant properties. This study examines The Effect of Tetrapleura tetraptera on the Livers of adult Wistar Rats. This work involved the use of an experimental study design, consisting of twenty-four (24) adult Wistar rats weighing 160-212g which were acclimatized for two (2) weeks, separated into four (4) groups; A, B, C and D with each group having six (6) Wistar rats of randomized patterns for administration and were all weighed prior to it. In Group A (control group), the rats were administered with 1ml distilled water, Group B were administered with 200mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (low dose), Group C were administered with 400mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (intermediate dose), Group D were administered with 800mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (high dose). After administration (twenty-eight (28) days), the animals were sacrificed, organs harvested and processed for assays according to established methods. Data from the animals were subjected to statistical analysis using GraphPad prism version 8.1 statistical package and relevant statistical values were obtained. One-way analysis of variance
(ANOVA) was carried out and data were presented as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc test was used. Values of P<0.05 were considered statistically significant. The statistical values obtained were converted into graphical representation in form of bar charts. Histologically, Group A, the control group, showed liver tissue with normal architecture comprising of hepatocytes, sinusoids, bile ducts and the portal veins

Nickel chloride is known for its neurotoxicity and its exposure poses significant threat to the cerebrum, an essential brain organ for a lot of human day to day activities. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of vitamin B6 on the cerebral integrity in nickel chloride exposed Wistar rats. After acclimatization for 14 days, fourty-one rats were weighed and divided to six groups of (n = 7). Group A (control) was administered 1ml of distilled water. Group B (NiCl2) was administered 5mg/kg body weight (BW) of Nickel chloride only. Group C (Citicoline-1) was administered 25mg/kg BW of vitamin B6 only. Group D (Citicoline-2) was administered 50mg/kg BW of vitamin B6 only. Group E (NiCl2+ Citicoline-1) was administered 25mg/kg BW of vitamin B6 and 5mg/kg BW of Nickel chloride. Group F (NiCl2 + Citicoline-2) was administered 50mg/kg BW of vitamin B6 and 5mg/kg BW of Nickel chloride.

Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (Roselle) is an annual shrub which is popular in Asian and African countries including Nigeria. It is used as a medicinal plant for the treatment of various disease conditions such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia [Chukwunonso K. Nwabufo and O Olusanya, (2017) ] This study was undertaken to investigate the mitigating effect of Aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx on lead induced toxicity on testes and epididymis of adult Wistar rats. Twenty male rats weighing 150g - 180g were used for this study, the rats were divided randomly into four groups A, B, C, and D consisting of 5 rats each. Group A served as control group and B, C, D were treatment groups. The rats were fed with Grower's mash animal feed and given water throughout the period of this study (60 days). Group A was just given food and water. Treatment group B was given 0.1ml of lead acetate via orogastric tube for 60 days. Group C was given Hibiscus sabdariffa extract 500mg/kg BW for 60 days. Group D was given 0.1ml of lead acetate and Hibiscus sabdariffa Aqueous extract 500mg/kg for 60 days. This study suggests that Hibiscus sabdariffa extract has some curative and preventive effect against testes and epididymis toxicity caused by lead acetate. These effects were supported by the restoration of histological architecture of the testes