S. A. AIGBODION

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are major global health concerns, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria accounts for a substantial burden, with millions affected by both viruses. HBV and HIV share common transmission routes and pose serious health risks, especially among immunocompromised individuals such as oncology patients. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HIV among oncology patients attending secondary and tertiary health facilities in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among oncology patients at the University Of Benin Teaching Hospital. A total of 150 consenting patients were recruited for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Venous blood samples (3ml) were collected, and analyzed for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HIV antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits following standard procedures and manufacturer’s instructions. Females constituted the majority of the study population. The results in this study showed total seroprevalence of HIV was 4% (3 males and 3 females) , while HBV was 2% ( 1 male and 2 females) . Infections were only recorded among patients with carcinoma-type cancers with a prevalence of 4.8% and 2.4% for HIV and HBV respectively. Age-specific analysis showed that HIV infection was most prevalent in age groups 51-60 (7.4%) and 41–50 (6.7%). HBV prevalence was highest among patients ages 51–60 (7.4%). Age and sex showed not statistical significant in influencing infection. Awareness level revealed that although all participants had heard of HIV, only a small portion was aware of HBV. In conclusion, these findings observed a measurable prevalence of HIV and HBV among oncology patients in Benin City. Increased awareness of viral infections, particularly among high-risk groups should be implemented to improve early detection, prevent reactivation (HBV) during immunosuppressive therapy, and reduce complications related to coinfection.