C.A. ENUKU

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death among women worldwide. The most effective means of decreasing mortality rate due to breast cancer is by early detection through breast self-examination. The main purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination among female undergraduate law students of The University of Benin. A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire based study was used and a convenience sampling technique was used to select two hundred and thirty seven female law students in The University of Benin. The data gathering tool was a modified and adapted questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to the data analysis. Simple frequency and the percentage was used to describe the data, while chi-square was used to test the hypotheses. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 for windows. Result shows that It showed that 88(37.1%) had good knowledge of breast self-examination, 79(33.3%) poor knowledgeand70(29.5%) had fair knowledge. It showed that 154(65.0%) of the respondents had negative attitude toward breast self-examination while 83(35.0%) had positive attitude BSE. It showed that 94(39.7%) had poor level of practice, 115(48.5%) had fair practice level, while 28(11.8%)had good level of practice. The result showed that majority of respondents have a good knowledge of breast self-examination, negative attitude towards breast self-examination and a fair practice of breast self-examination. The study therefore recommends that there is the need to develop and implement targeted educational programs focusing on breast cancer awareness and the importance of breast self-examination, emphasizing the significance of early detection and preventive measures.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a major global health challenge, with prevalence rising steadily, especially in low- and middle-income countries. T2DM is closely associated with excess body weight, physical inactivity, and lifestyle changes, and its complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality. Current estimates indicate that approximately 463 million adults live with diabetes worldwide, with projections suggesting this number will reach 700 million by 2045. In Africa, the burden is particularly severe, with high rates of undiagnosed cases and diabetes-related deaths among adults under 60. Effective management of T2DM requires a holistic approach combining medication, physical activity, and dietary interventions, including low sucrose intake and high consumption of fiber-rich foods. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to short-term complications such as hypoglycemia and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome, as well as long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. This study underscores the urgent need for awareness, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management strategies to mitigate the growing global and regional burden of T2DM.

The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of neonatal jaundice in University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) from 2018 – 2022. The research design adopted for the study is a non-experimental, retrospective research design method and total
population sampling method of all the neonatal jaundice cases of children admitted into the special baby unit from January 2018 – 2022. An observational checklist for manual collection of secondary data of admitted children in the unit from their case
notes and hospital records was used as instruments of data collection. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result from the study shows a steady increase in the prevalence of neonatal jaundice with a drop in 2021 and the highest
prevalence in 2022. The result shows a steady increase in the prevalence of neonatal jaundice with a drop in 2021 and the highest prevalence in 2022. The study however also identified that that there is a significant association between prevalence of
neonatal jaundice in male and female neonates and there is a significant association between clinical factors and outcomes of neonatal jaundice.