FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

This project is aim at developing high strength concrete from recycled aggregates, with the specific objectives determine the benefit / cost ratio in the development of high strength concrete from recycled aggregates, determine the compressive strength of the blended concrete when waste concrete is recycled, help control environmental pollution, waste concrete is beneficial and necessary from the viewpoint of environmental preservation and effective utilization of resources, determining the design of experiment of the blended concrete.
The results of the project were generated by applying different scope such as specific gravity, Particular size distribution, slump test of fresh concrete, flexural and compressive strength. The compressive strength for 5% 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of coarse aggregate by waste coarse concrete were compared with conventional/natural concrete.
It is seen from the figure above that the compressive strength of the cube increases on 5%, 10%, replacement and reduces on further increase in 15%, 20% and 25% recycled crushed coarse aggregates.
Tests conducted on demolished coarse aggregates and results compared with natural coarse aggregates are satisfactory as BS Standard, the test results of compressive strength shows that the optimum replacement of fine aggregate is achieved at 10% replacement of fine aggregate by demolished concrete waste compared to the respective conventional concrete strength, the possibility exists for the partial replacement of fine aggregate with demolished concrete waste which is produced during demolition of construction site.

This report details the design, fabrication, and testing of a system for producing dry powdered akamu, a traditional Nigerian porridge made from fermented corn, sorghum, or millet. Akamu is an important dietary staple in Nigeria, however its high moisture content and short shelf life pose preservation challenges. Converting akamu to a dry powder form can extend its shelf life for
storage and distribution. The aim of this project was to develop a process for producing preservable akamu powder. The device utilizes a vapor compression refrigeration cycle for air dehumidification coupled with electric heating to create optimal drying conditions. A control system consisting of an Arduino microcontroller which monitors and controls the operation of
the device based off key operational parameters of temperature and humidity. Data on changes in said parameter was collected to evaluate its operation. Sample of akamu with a 53% moisture content (w.b) was successfully dried to 26% moisture content (w.b). Test also showed the device capability to rival available commercial dehydrators, with the device removed 3% more wet
mass in its normal operation than when solely heat driven (as most commercial dehydrator). The relationship between akamu layer thickness and moisture removal rate was also experimentally determined. The project demonstrates a practical approach to converting high-moisture akamu into a stable powder through an energy-efficient drying process. Controlling air dehumidification and temperature enabled high product quality and shelf life extension. Further work is recommended to enhance efficiency, evaluate nutritional changes, and assess commercialization feasibility. Overall, the project advances preservation technologies for an important traditional Nigerian food.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this project titled “illustrations of measurement while drilling, weight on bit and torque on drilling performance” is to increase drilling efficiency in directional wells, peaks and troughs are characteristic of the nature of the oil and gas industry. With current prices hovering just above $60 per barrel (Bloomberg, 2019), it has never been a better time to increase the efficiency of the drilling process.
This research focuses on the control of surface parameters to understand vibrations in directional wells; this paper discusses actual cases where the use of data from these downhole sensors has improved drilling performance
In conclusion to this research parameters such as WOB and RPM were varied and their effects on depth drilled, response torque, ROP, MSE were studied for vertical well configuration and directional well configurations.

ABSTRACT

The pipelines that transport petroleum products across Nigeria are vital for the country’s economy and energy security. However, they are also exposed to various hazards and risks, such as theft, sabotage, corrosion, impact damage, fire, explosion, and environmental pollution. These risks can cause significant losses of life, property, and revenue, as well as damage the reputation and credibility of the pipeline operators. Therefore, it is essential to conduct a hazard and operability (HAZOP) study and a risk assessment of the pipelines to identify the potential causes and consequences of failure, and to propose appropriate mitigation measures.
A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) analysis of pipelines is a systematic and structured process used to identify potential hazards, operability issues, and risks associated with the design, operation, and maintenance of pipeline systems.
This report presents the methodology and results of a HAZOP study and a risk assessment of the pipelines across Nigeria. The report also reviews the existing literature on the topic and compares the findings with the data collected around the pipelines observed in around Edo State. The report also went ahead to calculate the third party damage index for some selected pipelines and examines the pipeline right of way conditions in such locations.
The report aims to provide useful information and recommendations for the pipeline, regulators, stakeholders, and researchers who are involved or interested in the safety and reliability of the pipelines across the State.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

The main purpose of the project was to design a 3.5KVA inverter which makes use of both solar and mains or grid supply for charging the batteries. This is to reduce the frequency of power outages experienced in our homes and businesses. The project was carried out with the use of two 12V batteries connected in series to give a total of 24V DC which would serve as input for the inverter when on inverting mode and give an output of 220V AC for household appliances. Incorporated within the inverter was load control features, such that when the inverter stops charging and starts inverting, at a particular battery level set by the user, the heavy loads would be cut off while supply of power to the light loads continues. But when critical battery level is reached the light loads are also cut off and the inverter shuts down. This was done using Microcontroller in controlling relays which either powers on the load or cuts off the load when the battery is low. The proposed inverter design has two outputs through which load management was achieved. One of the outputs is designated to light loads and the other to heavy loads. The Microcontroller DSPIC30F4012 controls the load stage which can be programmed through the keypad to monitor the output power to the loads in output one and two, to ensure they do not draw power beyond the limits programmed by the user. To achieve this, the Microcontroller cuts off either of the outputs which exceed the set limit. The project was successful and the test results obtained was satisfactory. The inverter's operation was consistent with the design and the desired control of power consumption and power management was achieved.

ABSTRACT
Waste disposal has become one of the major concerns for our Country, Nigeria. Fruit peels are the major solid by-product. The dried fruit peels have a content of cellulose and hemicelluloses, which make it suitable as fermentation substrate when hydrolyzed. This thesis aims at utilizing fruit (pineapple) peels for the production of bio-ethanol by using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thus, producing a valuable product from the fruit peel wastes. The pineapple waste is collected and weighed. This is then grinded, mixed with about 2 litres of water and then filtered. The filtrate is heated on the stove for 5-6hours in which sugar syrup is obtained.
After this, fermentation process takes place which involve introducing 10ml of the yeast into the mixture and mixing with 100ml of water. The water is first boiled at 100°c for 30 minutes after which it was allowed to cool to around 37°c.
Finally, distillation process is being carried out. The cold mash is put into the combustion chamber and heat is applied from a stove and a copper pipe connected through the condenser Chamber, thermometer, and cork fitted to the collection chamber. Re-distillation is carried out to increase the ethanol content.

Pipeline infrastructure plays a critical role in Nigeria‘s energy sector, yet persistent challenges like unauthorized third-party activities threaten its security, reliability, and efficiency.This project focuses on improving pipeline monitoring systems, particularly in the context of Nigeria‘s challenges with third-party interference like vandalism and oil bunkering. The research examines existing monitoring methods (fiber-optic sensing, acoustic leak detection, real-time surveillance, and SCADA),analyzes successful global pipeline monitoring strategies (TransAlaska and Nord Stream) and addresses the limitations of current monitoring systems. The study proposes an Improved Hybrid Pipeline Protection System (IHPPS) that integrates multiple technologies (flow measurement sensors, acoustic monitoring, GPS tracking, and IoT-based remote surveillance). The IHPPS aims to enhance detection accuracy, minimize false alarms, and improve real-time response, ultimately reducing economic, environmental, and security risks.
The study concludes that a multi-layered monitoring system is crucial for improving pipeline reliability and security.

In the ever-evolving landscape of fluid mechanics and engineering, the integration of composite materials has propelled centrifugal water pump design to new heights. This abstract delves into the groundbreaking developments and transformative potential inherent in the adoption of composite materials for centrifugal pump systems. With a laser focus on optimizing performance, durability, and efficiency, this study explores the intricate interplay between composite materials and centrifugal pump design. By harnessing the unique properties of composites—such as their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance—engineers are reshaping traditional pump design paradigms to meet the demands of modern applications. Through an interdisciplinary lens encompassing materials science, fluid dynamics, and mechanical engineering, this abstract highlights the collaborative efforts driving the adoption of composite material solutions in centrifugal pump design. By embracing the latest advancements in material science and innovative design methodologies, researchers and practitioners are poised to revolutionize pump technology, paving the way for sustainable water management solutions across diverse industries.

This paper assessed the impact of the oil and gas exploitation of the xyz in the Niger Delta region. The Niger Delta region is best known as a region that sustains much oil exploration and exploitation by the agent of western economic power. The Niger Delta region basin is considered as the mainstay of the Nigeria economy for its significantly high level of the oil reserves. The revenue and incomes generated by the petroleum industry have contributed to the well-being of Nigeria. There have been cases of oil spillage reported leaving the people completely impoverished with no meaningful alternative source of livelihood. This study was designed to investigate the impact of crude oil exploitation in producing communities by accessing the extent to which it has led to environmental degradation such as heavy metal exposure. This investigation was done by carrying out a comparative study on the producing and non-oil producing communities. To achieve this objective the soil, plant and produced water[effluent] were collected from the oil and non-oil producing communities and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry for copper, iron, cadmium, lead, zinc, and magnesium respectively and comparing with WHO standard. The result showed a significant relationship between oil exploitation and environmental degradation in the community. In view of these finding remediation method must be adopted to safeguard the communities. The data will be useful for future monitoring of heavy metal exposure in the communities.

This project involves the design of a hybrid renewable energy system using solar and wind for residential areas and to use the system to generate sustainable electricity for household consumption, independent of fluctuations in the weather. A review of previous works was carried out, radiation (solar) and wind data (speed) was collected using Northern part of Nigeria as a case study and then load listing for a typical household was done. The subsystem of the Hybrid Renewable system was organized in a block diagram and then each of the subsystem was designed. The Design Calculation (result and finding) was that a typical household requiring 11KW per day. Each Subsystem requires a PV subsystem requires with 6 solar panels of 1000w connected in series, Wind subsystem with rotor blade Radius/Length of 5m is required with 11kw 24V Turbine, an Energy storage subsystem of 24V, 13000AH which is 10 (1300AH) batteries in series and an Inverter required is 15KW 24V inverter.
Overall, this research provides a comprehensive framework for the design of a hybrid renewable energy system that combines the strengths of solar and wind resources. The proposed system offers a reliable and environmentally friendly solution to meet the increasing energy demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions, ultimately contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable energy in the future.