2021

There has been a notable increase in the use of herbal medicine over the past twenty years. Moreover, there is still a tremendous lap of proper research data in the field of traditional herbal medicine. Enantiachloranthais a plant belonging to the Annonacoae family. Its common name is Africa Yellow Wood. It contains some phytochemicals which confer anti-diabetic properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti- inflammatory effects ofEnantiachlorantha stem bark on STZ induced type 2 diabetes in adult wistar rats. Forty-nine (49) male Wister rats of 170-180g weight were used for this experiment. They were grouped into seven groups; Group 1 (Normal control), Group 2 (HFD+STZ), Group 3(HFD+STZ+ metformin 500mg/kg bwt), Group 4 (HFD +STZ+ 200mg/kg bwt crude hydro-ethanol extract), Group 5 (HFD + STZ+ 400mg/kg bwt crude hydro-ethanol extract), Group 6 (HFD + STZ+ 200mg/kg bwt ethyl-acetate fraction),Group 7 (HFD+STZ+ 400mg/kg bwt ethyl-acetate fraction). The results showed a marked decrease in blood glucose level in thr treated groups. Rats administered the extract crude and ethyl acetate fractions showed high expression ofNrf-2.In group 4, at 200 mg/kg body weight of thereextract crude and ethyl acetate fractions was increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme.This study concluded that Enantiachloranthahas positive anti-diabetic and anti- inflammatory effects.

The conventional media journalists have diverse experiences since the influx of new media. technologies especially web 2.0 applications in journalism practice. Therefore, it becomes necessary to examine journalists’ experiences in conventionalmedia organizations in the face of emerging new media in Edo State. The tenets of agenda setting, technological determinism, and social presence theories were used in this study. Descriptive survey design was employed. with the aid of 12-item questionnaire. The sample for this study constituted 300 journalists in Edo State through the purposive and proportionate stratified sampling technique. The sample reflected and represented all the journalists in Edo State. Data generated were presented and analysed in frequency tables, simple percentages, mean scores, standard deviations and Pearson’s Product Movement Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC), which aided the answering of the research questions and testing of the hypothesis formulated. The study found that conventional media journalists make use of new media technologies to make their work easier. Also, the study revealed that new media has had a profound effect on the activities of conventional media journalists as they with the help ofnew media technologies have greater access to a wider global audience, easierprocesses of news production and the boundaries of journalism has been falling asmore people are engaged in the processesof news gathering more than ever before.The study also found that ethical, governance, the loss of advert revenues, infrastructural, and technical challenges have emerged with the new media dominance. It was also discovered that new media has profound effects on conventionalmedia news production as the new media provides multiple advantages for conventional media operations and there is a significant change in the experiences of conventional media journalists in the face of the emerging new media in Edo State. The study concluded that new media technologies constitute necessary tools for conventional media journalism practice. Therefore, it was recommended that the conventional media organizations should put in place measures to own the necessarynew media organ/infrastructure. Also, that a raft of careful legislative policies be put in place to mitigate the occurrence of ethicalbreechesin news production.

The purpose of this study is to analyze sandstone deposit using 2-Dimensional Electrical resistivity tomography survey investigation of the subsurface and getting detailed structures, properties, deposited volume and it’s economic importance, using the study area as a case study. Two dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey each of 200m in length was laid in College of Education, Abudu, Edo State to locate and delineate sandstone deposits present at igarra. Wenner-alpha array configuration was employed to acquire field data for the various transverses which were generated in parallel and perpendicular directions using dipole-dipole electrode configuration with electrode spacing of 10m. The 2D data were collated and inverted using a computer software known as RES2DINV to obtain true resistivity images of 2D model for each line, which has various options that could be altered to obtain models that correlate with the known geology of the study area. Pasi- Earth Resistivity meter was used to measure the apparent resistivity in order to obtain a 2-D image of the subsurface for each line. These geophysical survey area were observed to be composed of sandstone, clay, limestone, shale, with resistivity values ranging between 259 mΩ to 2160 mΩ for the unit electrode spacing adopted during the period in the survey areas. The data gotten has depth ranging from 2.50m to 40m beneath earth surface and width of 200m. The first transverse has resistivity values between 20 Ωm to 1000 Ωm indicating various subsurface minerals having resistivity within that range, these indicate the presence of sedimentary rocks formation, a large percentage of shale was discovered alongside clay, sandstone and limestone in mall proportions.

The study investigated the relationship between Biology teachers and their students. Four research questions were raised to guide the study and two were hypothesized. The descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. The population of the study consisted of nine thousand, one hundred and twenty (9120) students in the twelve (12) senior secondary schools in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample for the study consists of two hundred and forty-four (244) students. They were randomly sampled to ensure fair representation. The instrument that was used for this study was a questionnaire titled “Questionnaire on student’s perception of their relationship with their Biology teacher” Cr=.70. Data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA.

All activities associated with decision-making or other forms of power relations between members of the family are centered on politics. This study aims to analyze The Politics of Polygamous Marriages in Buchi Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood and Isidore Okpewho’s The Victims. The study is essentially qualitative in approach in that it is text-based. This study employs a feminist approach to literary criticism with focus on the African concept of feminism. The works as reviewed have shown that both texts are rich in feminist ideas and concerns. This fact draws a connection between the previous studies and this present study as the causes of women’s troubles are all that have been highlighted: patriarchy, polygamy, ignorance, motherhood, and colonialism. However, there is an aspect of the traditional African society that has been neglected in the reviewed scholarship. That is, The Politics of Polygamous Marriages which entails the interests of both sexes in marriage and the essence of marriage in African society. Therefore, with a feminist lens this study attempts to fill this gap by highlighting the politics involved in marriages especially in the Nigerian society and other related African societies. The finding of this essay is that polygamy is not an easy marriage to run. This essay therefore holds that The Victims and The Joys of Motherhood depict polygamy as an unhealthy marital union. Polygamy is a tasking family life which requires that a man is up and doing. If a man fails to handle his home well, his family will be in crisis that will eventually destroy it.

This work x-rays marriage as a mean through which the society is formed; it is the very core foundation of every human society. It also considers the dangers of the society as posed by marital instability cum infidelity. Hence a virile society breeds from a peaceful marriage, where married couples stick to their nuptial vows and pacts. All thorough the study of the people of Ezza of Ebonyi State shows how they react to the issues of adultery in their traditional society. Findings reveal that issues of adultery cannot be successfully established in Ezza without confessions – (or that the person is caught in the act). Much emphasis on confessions, as it is usually a matter of rarity to catch an adulterous man or woman in the act. The implications of the confessions are well discussed in the work. We draw our conclusion and further make some recommendations to help build our ideal society

Milk and dairy products are an essential food for human beings and it also acts as a good medium for microorganism’s growth. Milk and its products with high biological potential, enriched nutritional values and without health risks and hazards are generally demanded for nutritional purposes. A total of 8 dairy product samples were processed for microbial and biochemical analysis, collected from different locations in Benin City. Microbial count were performed for the detection of the number of bacteria and fungi present in the various samples. The identification of fungi was carried out by the use of mycological Atlas. Analysis was done XII 1 on media, while for confirmation of bacteria, various biochemical tests were performed. Both nonpathogenic and pathogenic bacteria and fungi were identified. The highest percentage prevalence of fungi contaminant was seen in CM with a percentage of 83.3% with the least bacteria prevalence of 16.67%. The highest prevalence contaminant of bacterial was observed in PY with 60% prevalence. Milk and its product should not be exposed to atmosphere as it can also get contaminated by photogenic microorganisms. More standard research should be made on pure fermentation of milk and dairy products without any pathogenic contaminant

Fasting is a deliberate abstinence from normal meal(s) i.e. food and drinks, or failure to eat/drink for an unusual length of time. It is a common practice in Nigeria and other parts of the world by various groups and for various reasons ranging from spiritual, health, to experimental purposes. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of fasting the sexual performance of male Wistar rats. Eighteen (18) adult wistar rats were randomly selected into a control group (group A) containing six (6) animals and two experimental groups (B and C) each containing six animals (n= 6 per group). Group A received normal rat feed and water, Group B were subjected to fasting for a period of six (6) hours per day for two weeks and Group C were subjected to fasting for a period of twelve (12) hours per day for two weeks. The result of this experiment showed that observable Teratozoospermia in Group B rats and Teratozoospermia with Asthenozoospermia in the Group C rats. Sperm cell count and liveability significantly decreased (p<0.05) in Group C rats. Sperm cell motility across the 3 groups of rats during this experiment showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the progressive motility and of rats in Group A and
Group C. In conclusion, the study showed that subjecting the rats to fasting for 6-Hours per day had little to no consequential effect whereas subjection of the rats to 12-Hours fasting per day greatly affected the sexual performance of the rats with varying clinical presentations.

uminants depend mostly on all year-round grazing on natural pastures residue. Most of these areas face seasonal dry periods in which the availability of these pasture decreases and also, its quality by a reduction in the content of digestible energy and nitrogen. Ruminant livestock raised in Nigeria tend to reflect the cyclical variation in quality and quantity of these available for ages. Although ruminants are endowed with the ability to convert low quality feed into high quality animal protein and utilize feeds from land not suitable for cultivation of crops, however, the utilization of these low-quality crop residues is hampered by its low protein content, fiber content, digestibility, vitamin and minerals. Biodegradation of crop residues using edible mushroom has been reported to give rise to products with enhanced nutritive values that promote farm animal performance. This study was carried out to determine the effect of biodegradation period on the chemical composition and in vitro fermentation of rice straw with 60% palm oil sludge (POS) in ruminant feeding. Different inclusion rate of palm oil sludge (POS) and rice straw such as 0%RS, 40%RS and 100% RS at different biodegradation periods; 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The substrates used were dried, mixed to inclusion levels (40% rice straw and 60% palm oil sludge), inoculated with fungal (Pleurotus tuber-regium) to aid biodegradation and further milled to uniform power. Chemical composition and in vitro fermentation study were carried out and data analyzed. However, there was no significant difference between the chemical composition, gas volume production and shown by the data analyzed but the post in vitro gas production has significant difference. Thus, this result shows that it can be included in ruminant diets as an increase in crude protein and decrease in crude fiber and methane gas production.

This project, "The Impact of Christian Association in Conflict Resolution in Nigeria 2006-2011," examines the role, potential, and limitations of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) as a major non-state actor in fostering peace and managing conflict within the Nigerian state during a critical period of heightened ethno-religious tension. Nigeria is characterized by complex, often violent, conflicts stemming from political, economic, and social instability intertwined with religious, ethnic, and resource-based differences. This study investigates CAN's organizational structure, its foundation (rooted in the ecumenical imperative "That they all may be one"), and its objectives to promote national understanding, peace, and moral welfare. The core of the research lies in analyzing the tangible mechanisms CAN deploys for conflict resolution and peacebuilding, such as dialogue, seminars, workshops, and evangelism of peace, emphasizing the use of religious values to mediate disputes. While acknowledging that historical scholarship has often focused on the politicization of CAN, this work argues for the significance of CAN's social and economic roles in addressing societal ills—the bedrock for sustainable peace. The study adopts a historical methodology, utilizing both primary and secondary sources, to critically assess CAN's impact and evaluate the challenges it faces, including issues of internal unity, external opposition, and historical record-keeping deficiencies, in its sustained effort to be a credible and effective peacebuilding organization in the Nigerian polity.