DEMOCRACY

This study examined democratic governance and the impact of traditional rulers in Nigeria, with particular reference to Edo and Delta States. The research was motivated by the continued relevance of traditional institutions in governance despite Nigeria's adoption of a democratic system. The study sought to assess the roles performed by traditional rulers in promoting democratic governance, examine their contributions to peacebuilding, conflict resolution, community development, and political mobilization, as well as identify the challenges limiting their effectiveness in the democratic process. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The target population comprised traditional rulers, community leaders, public servants, and residents of selected communities in Edo and Delta States. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to respondents selected through an appropriate sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, mean scores, and standard deviation. The findings revealed that traditional rulers continue to play significant roles in democratic governance by promoting peace and security, resolving communal disputes, preserving cultural values, facilitating grassroots development, and serving as intermediaries between government and the people. However, their effectiveness is constrained by constitutional limitations, political interference, inadequate financial support, and the absence of clearly defined roles within Nigeria's democratic framework. The study concluded that traditional rulers remain indispensable stakeholders in Nigeria's democratic governance and national development. It recommended that government should strengthen collaboration with traditional institutions, clearly define their constitutional roles, enhance their participation in grassroots governance, and provide adequate support to enable them to contribute more effectively to sustainable democratic governance and community development in Edo and Delta States.

The #EndBadGovernance protest saw once again the brutal tendencies of the Nigerian government and law enforcement. The constant violations by way of brutal crackdowns and indiscriminate headhunting pose many problems to the enjoyment of the right to rotest. Protest is a core element for the existence and consolidation of democratic tes. espite the constellation of international, regional, and national legal frameworks protecting this right it is still in constant violation. The aim of this research is to enlighten readers on the makeup of the right to protest along with the inherent limitations of the right. It also seems to divulge the role of the state, law enforcement and the judiciary in the promotion and protection of this right. This research uses a doctrinal approach with an expository tone to set the pace throughout the work. It gives a historical background of protest along with the legal frameworks protecting it. This research identifies the government and the law enforcement as being instrumental in the continuous violation of this right. The study recommends that as the backbone of democracy, the right to protest should be given full attention. Particularly concerning legislations and treatises covering it. Case laws go a long way to explain how a law should be interpreted, this lends credence to the crucial role of the judiciary. The vital role of protest in society cannot be overemphasized: the right and freedom of protesters — too much or too little.

Nigeria is a nation with a chequered history of democratic rule. The pressure mounted on the Nigerian political system since independence created instability in Nigeria polity. Hence the judiciary could not carry out its rules effectively, the first, second, and third republic collapsed thus, paved way for the inevitability of military; incursions in Nigeria politics, which truncated the Nigerian nascent democracy. This study essay therefore investigates the impact of the judiciary in achieving sustainable democracy in Nigeria. This essay uses qualitative and content analysis method in analyzing the information generated for the study. Cases and instances from the content analysis shows that the independence of the judiciary helps in achieving sustainable
democracy in Nigeria; independent judiciary enhances due process in a democratic state. Further analysis showed that incidences and court verdicts in issues relating to how the practice of separation of powers of which the judiciary is a product of enhances the efficiency of the judiciary in Nigeria.

This project explores the Effect of Electoral Malpractices on Nigeria’s Democracy through the lens of visual art. It focuses on how Nigerian painters depict these themes in their work, analyzing the techniques, styles, mediums, and colors they use. By closely examining various artworks and artist statements, the study aims to higlight the role of art in advocating for better electoral process. The Ways in which paintings that portray electoral malpractice reflect the societal impacts of vote rigging on Nigeria’s political stability and public trust. How Nigerian artists use painting to highlight the long-term effects of electoral corruption on socioeconomic inequalities and public disillusionment.The aim of the study was to know how Nigerian painters depict the themes of electoral malpractices and what visual elements are commonly used to convey these issues.