Silty materials Aquifers Geotechnical applications Hydrogeological applications Urban planning Infrastructure development Environmental management Sustainable development

The siting of filling stations in urban areas, such as Benin City Metropolis, involves complex risk and uncertainty analyses due to the interplay of environmental, socioeconomic, and regulatory factors. This study examines the challenges associated with locating filling stations in Benin City, focusing on the risks posed by improper siting, including environmental pollution, fire hazards, traffic congestion, and public health concerns. The analysis incorporates Geo-spatial data, regulatory frameworks, and stakeholder inputs to identify uncertainties related to land use, population density, and compliance with safety standards. A multi-criteria decision-making approach is employed to evaluate potential sites, balancing economic benefits against environmental and social risks. The findings highlight the need for robust urban planning policies, stricter enforcement of safety regulations, and community engagement to mitigate risks and uncertainties. This study provides a framework for sustainable siting of filling stations in rapidly urbanizing areas, offering insights for policymakers, urban planners, and industry stakeholders in Benin City and similar contexts.

This study investigates the subsurface stratigraphy of Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, using 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) techniques. The research aims to delineate geological formations, assess groundwater potential, and map subsurface layers critical for geotechnical and hydrogeological applications. Data were acquired along two traverses using the Wenner-Schlumberger array, revealing distinct layers with resistivity values ranging from 762 Ωm to 9940 Ωm, corresponding to topsoil, dry sand, and compact silty materials.
The analysis identified three subsurface layers, with depths extending to 54.3 meters and lateral extents up to 130 meters. Stratigraphic mapping provided detailed insights into the thickness, composition, and distribution of geological units. The results demonstrated a strong correlation between resistivity values and known geological formations, enabling the identification of aquifers and their potential water-bearing properties. These findings are crucial for urban planning, infrastructure development, and environmental management.
This study underscores the efficacy of ERI techniques in subsurface investigations, offering a reliable approach for mapping stratigraphy and evaluating groundwater resources. The integration of resistivity data with geotechnical insights provides a comprehensive framework for sustainable development in urban areas, ensuring better decision-making for future infrastructure and environmental projects.