EFFECT OF USING PERIWINKLE SHELL AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR COARSE AGGREGATE WITH ADMIXTURES
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Abstract
The increasing demand for sustainable construction materials has prompted the
exploration of alternative resources to conventional aggregates. This study investigated
the effect of using periwinkle shells as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in
concrete, combined with chemical admixture.
The study utilized the following materials: cement, fine aggregate(sand), coarse
aggregate (granite), water, and periwinkle shells. The method involved preparing
concrete mixes with varying proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) of granite
replaced by periwinkle shells. Standard laboratory tests were carried out, these include:
The physical properties of cement (consistency, initial and final setting time), aggregate
(fineness modulus, silt content, moisture content, specific gravity, aggregate crushing
value, and aggregate impact value test) and mechanical properties of the concrete
produced (compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength) at 7, 14 and 28
days curing period. Slump test and water absorption tests, were also assessed to evaluate
the suitability of periwinkle shells as coarse aggregate substitutes.
The results showed that compressive strength decreased with increasing replacement but
remained satisfactory at lower levels. At 28 days, the control mix achieved 20.85 N/mm²,
while 10% replacement recorded 19.56 N/mm², representing a 6% reduction but still
retaining over 90% of the control strength. Similarly, split tensile strength reduced from 3.87 N/mm² (control) to 3.60 N/mm² (10%), and flexural strength decreased from 5.96 N/mm² to 4.13 N/mm² at 28 days. Water absorption increased slightly from 2.68% .(control) to 3.04% at 10% replacement, remaining within acceptable durability limits. Based on these findings, the optimum replacement level is 10%, as it offers improved sustainability while maintaining structural adequacy and durability for practical applications.
exploration of alternative resources to conventional aggregates. This study investigated
the effect of using periwinkle shells as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in
concrete, combined with chemical admixture.
The study utilized the following materials: cement, fine aggregate(sand), coarse
aggregate (granite), water, and periwinkle shells. The method involved preparing
concrete mixes with varying proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) of granite
replaced by periwinkle shells. Standard laboratory tests were carried out, these include:
The physical properties of cement (consistency, initial and final setting time), aggregate
(fineness modulus, silt content, moisture content, specific gravity, aggregate crushing
value, and aggregate impact value test) and mechanical properties of the concrete
produced (compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength) at 7, 14 and 28
days curing period. Slump test and water absorption tests, were also assessed to evaluate
the suitability of periwinkle shells as coarse aggregate substitutes.
The results showed that compressive strength decreased with increasing replacement but
remained satisfactory at lower levels. At 28 days, the control mix achieved 20.85 N/mm²,
while 10% replacement recorded 19.56 N/mm², representing a 6% reduction but still
retaining over 90% of the control strength. Similarly, split tensile strength reduced from 3.87 N/mm² (control) to 3.60 N/mm² (10%), and flexural strength decreased from 5.96 N/mm² to 4.13 N/mm² at 28 days. Water absorption increased slightly from 2.68% .(control) to 3.04% at 10% replacement, remaining within acceptable durability limits. Based on these findings, the optimum replacement level is 10%, as it offers improved sustainability while maintaining structural adequacy and durability for practical applications.
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