F. EGBOKHARE

**Abstract** The manual calculation of Grade Point Average (GPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is often time-consuming, prone to computational errors, and may lead to inaccurate academic records. This project, titled **"Design and Implementation of a CGPA/GPA Calculator,"** was undertaken to develop a computerized system that automates the computation of students' academic performance with improved accuracy, speed, and reliability. The system was designed to calculate semester GPA and cumulative CGPA based on approved grading policies, taking into account course credit units, grades obtained, quality points, and cumulative academic records. The development of the application followed the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which included requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The system was developed using appropriate programming tools and technologies, with a user-friendly interface that allows users to input course details, credit units, and grades, after which the application automatically computes the corresponding GPA and CGPA. The calculator also provides features for validating user input, minimizing calculation errors, and displaying results in an easily understandable format. System testing was carried out using various datasets to evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of the application. The results showed that the developed system accurately computed GPA and CGPA values within a short processing time while eliminating the errors commonly associated with manual calculations. Furthermore, the application enhanced record management, improved user convenience, and provided a dependable tool for students and academic institutions to monitor academic performance. The study concludes that the implementation of a CGPA/GPA Calculator significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of academic result computation. It is therefore recommended that educational institutions adopt automated GPA/CGPA calculation systems to reduce computational errors, improve transparency, and facilitate effective academic performance monitoring.

This study examined the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in early childhood learning in Nigeria through the development and evaluation of an interactive educational system designed for kindergarten children. The study was motivated by the challenges associated with traditional teaching methods, including limited learner engagement, inadequate educational resources, and the need for innovative approaches to enhance literacy development among young learners. The primary objective was to develop an interactive educational database that supports alphabet learning and promotes literacy skills through engaging, child-friendly activities. A survey research design was adopted, and data were x collected using structured questionnaires administered to teachers in selected public and private schools in Edo State, Nigeria. A total of 25 valid responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that teachers strongly support the integration of interactive educational technologies into kindergarten education, with all respondents agreeing that such systems can enhance learner engagement and learning outcomes. The study also identified major challenges facing kindergarten education, including inadequate funding, insufficient infrastructure, and lack of technical support. Based on the findings, an interactive educational system was designed and implemented using the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js). The system incorporates interactive games, colorful graphics, personalized learning features, and curriculum-aligned educational content. The study concludes that ICT- driven educational systems have significant potential to improve early childhood learning in Nigeria by making learning more engaging, accessible, and effective. It recommends increased investment in educational technology infrastructure, teacher training, parental involvement, and the development of culturally relevant digital learning resources to support the successful adoption of ICT in early childhood education..

The rapid evolution of the digital economy presents both opportunities and challenges for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. Despite the growing significance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in business operations, many SMEs struggle with inadequate digital infrastructure, limited ICT skills, security concerns, and restricted access to digital markets. This study develops an ICT-Readiness Framework tailored to the Nigerian SME landscape, addressing these challenges and providing a structured approach for digital adoption. The framework consists of six key components: Infrastructure Development, Digital Literacy, and Access to Digital Markets, Policy & Regulatory Support, Innovation & Sustainability, and Monitoring & Evaluation. To ensure its practicality, the framework was implemented as a C program, enabling SMEs to assess their ICT readiness, identify gaps, and receive actionable recommendations. The system was successfully executed, providing accurate evaluations based on SME-specific inputs. Findings from the implementation demonstrate that the framework can effectively guide SMEs in enhancing their ICT adoption by improving connectivity, promoting digital skills, expanding market reach, ensuring policy compliance, and fostering innovation. By adopting this structured approach, Nigerian SMEs can better position themselves for growth in the digital economy. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on SME digital transformation by offering a practical, data-driven solution for ICT readiness. Future research can focus on expanding the framework to include artificial intelligence-driven assessments and cloud-based integration for broader accessibility.

This study focuses on the design and implementation of a Computerized Crime Reporting and Management System aimed at addressing the inefficiencies associated with manual crime reporting methods. The system provides a digital platform where crimes can be reported, tracked, and managed efficiently. Key functionalities include online report submission, automated case assignment, status tracking, and centralized database storage for crime data. The system also supports real-time communication between citizens and law enforcement agencies, enabling improved responsiveness and transparency. Through the use of secure login mechanisms, role-based access control, and data encryption, the system ensures the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive crime-related information. The implementation process involved system modeling, software development, database integration, and rigorous testing for performance, functionality, and security. Testing confirmed the system’s ability to handle user inputs, protect data, and operate under real-time constraints. The computerized system enhances accessibility, reduces delays in reporting, and allows for effective data analysis, making it a valuable tool for law enforcement agencies. This study demonstrates that digital crime management systems can significantly improve the accuracy, speed, and reliability of crime data handling, ultimately contributing to a more efficient and accountable criminal justice process.