ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MUSA SPP (BANANASTEM) EXTRACT AGAINST SELECTED CLINICAL ISOLATE
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Abstract
Increase in antibiotic resistance of infectious bacteria to conventional antibiotics has emerged as a threat to public health and this has lrd to the growing interest rate in plants as herbal sources of antimicrobial agents. Among such plants, Musa spp (banana stem) has been widely used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. This study explored the antibacterial activity of Musa spp stem extracts against selected bacteria. Fresh stem of Musa spp were cut, cleaned, air-dried and pulverized. The powdered sample was soaked using ethanol and distilled water and extracted to obtain the ethanolic and aqeous extracts. The antibacterial activity of the extracts were assessed against selected bacteria (Escherechiacoli, Staphylcoccus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ), obtained fromthe UniversityofBenin Teaching Hospital using Agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical screening of the aqeous and ethanol extracts, revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and saponins at varying degrees with the ethanolic extract showing stronger phytochemical activity, compared to the aqeous extract. The bacterial
evaluation of the extract revealed that both extracts, showed dose dependent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones, decreasing at lower concentrations. For Staphylcoccus aureus, ethanolic extract showed moderate inhibition at 11.00mm and no inhibition for aqeous extract. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed moderate inhibition for both the aqeous- 11.00mmandethanol- 10.00mm extract at 50% concentration and 10.00mm at 25%aqeous concentration. Escherechia coli showed both ethanolic and aqeous inhibition at only 50%concentrationat 11.00mm and 9.00mm respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of both aqeous and ethanolic extracts showed that Staplylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherechiacoli, showed bacterioststic activity at 50mg/ml for the ethanolic extract while only P. aeruginosa inhibited at 50mg/ml for the aqeous extract. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration showed that only ethanolic extract at 50mg/ml showed bacteriacidal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherechia coli showed bacteriostatic activity. This study further emphasizes the antibacterial potential of Musa spp stem extracts against selected bacteria. This supports it’s basis as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics as a medicinal plant.
evaluation of the extract revealed that both extracts, showed dose dependent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones, decreasing at lower concentrations. For Staphylcoccus aureus, ethanolic extract showed moderate inhibition at 11.00mm and no inhibition for aqeous extract. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed moderate inhibition for both the aqeous- 11.00mmandethanol- 10.00mm extract at 50% concentration and 10.00mm at 25%aqeous concentration. Escherechia coli showed both ethanolic and aqeous inhibition at only 50%concentrationat 11.00mm and 9.00mm respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of both aqeous and ethanolic extracts showed that Staplylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherechiacoli, showed bacterioststic activity at 50mg/ml for the ethanolic extract while only P. aeruginosa inhibited at 50mg/ml for the aqeous extract. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration showed that only ethanolic extract at 50mg/ml showed bacteriacidal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherechia coli showed bacteriostatic activity. This study further emphasizes the antibacterial potential of Musa spp stem extracts against selected bacteria. This supports it’s basis as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics as a medicinal plant.
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