Lonchocarpus griffonianus

Lonchocarpus griffonianus (BAILL) DUNN (FABACEAE) ATTENUATES GROWTH PROLIFERATION: AN INDEX OF USAGE IN CANCER MANAGEMENT

Publisher / Conference Name
Department of Chemistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria - Nigerian Journal of Applied Sciences
Author(s)
D. A. Ambe
B. A. Ayindeb
Abstract / Summary
The significant mortality related to cancer diseases has ignited a sustained wave of research by scientists to improve cancer management through optimized medical facilities, development of immunotherapeutic biologicals, molecular inhibitors and discovery of anticancer agents from medicinal plants. Lonchocarpus griffonianus (Baill) Dunn Fabaceae) is used to treat tumourrelated ailments in Nigeria. This study aimed to validate the folkloric use of this plant as an antitumor agent using two simple benchtop assays. The stem and root bark of the plant were extracted with absolute methanol using a Soxhlet extractor. Cytotoxic and growth-attenuation effects of the methanol extracts were evaluated using Raniceps raninus (tadpole fish) and Sorghum bicolor seeds radicle. Similarly, the aqueous and dichloromethane fractions of the stem bark extract were assessed. Results showed that the methanol extracts possess dose dependent cytotoxic nd growth-suppression activity, with the stem bark being the most potent. The stem bark extract (80 µg/mL) caused statistically significant (p<0.0001) 100 % mortality in the tadpoles. Growth-suppression effect of the same extract was 96 % at 30 mg/mL after 96 hours. Similarly dichloromethane fraction exhibited significant (P<0.0001) cytotoxic activity, 80 µg/mL exerted 100 ± 0.00% mortality to the tadpole, while 80 µg/mL of the aqueous fraction only caused 3.33 ± 3.33 % mortality which was not significant when compared to the control at P<0.0001. 30 mg/mL exerted a significant (P<0.0001) growth suppression of 1.27±0.19 mm (77.39 % suppression) within 24 hours which increased to 1.91±0.27 mm (81.81% suppression) by 96 hours. This study has validated the folkloric use of the plant as an antitumor agent.
Year of Publication
2023
Publication Type
Journal Article
Keyword(s)
Lonchocarpus griffonianus
growth-attenuation
tumour-related cancer

BENIGNPROSTATICHYPERPLASIAATTENUATIONAND CYTOTOXICEFFECTSOFLonchocarpusgriffonianus G. DON (FABACEAE) STEMANDROOTBARKS

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Author(s)
DANIELAKPE-EFIAKAMBE
Faculty
FACULTYOFPHARMACY
Department
DEPARTMENTOFPHARMACOGNOSY
Year of Publication
2023
Keyword
BENIGNPROSTATICHYPERPLASIAATTENUATION
Lonchocarpus griffonianus
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Daniel's table of contents 1111.pdf
Publication Type
Undergraduate Project
Abstract
Rising incidences of benin and cancerous tumours, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
and prostate cancer, coupled with the unpleasant side effects of current therapy, suggest a need to
search for new drug molecules. The stem bark of Lonchocarpus griffonianus G. Don
(Fabaceae) is an important medicinal plant used in Nigeria to treat BPH and other tumour
related ailments. No pharmacological study on the use of the plant for treating BPH has been
reported. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of L. griffonianus (LG) on BPH.
Two organs (stem and root barks) of LG were identified, collected, pulverized and extracted with
absolute methanol (99 %) using a Soxhlet extractor. Comparative preliminary biological
evaluations were done on the L. griffonianus stem bark (LGSB) extract and root bark (LGRB)
extracts using two benchtop assays (cytotoxic and antiproliferative). The acute toxicity of the LG
stem bark extract was done using a modified Lorke's method. The extract was subjected to
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) and Gravity Column Chromatography (GCC) to obtain
two isolated compounds, LO1 and LO2. The compounds were subjected to MS and 1D NMR
analysis for identification. The isolated compounds (LO1 and LO2) were subjected to cytotoxic
evaluation on human prostate (PC3) and uterine cervical cancer (Hela) cell lines using a 3-(4, 5
dimethyl thiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Anti-BPH evaluation was
done on the extract and LO1 using testosterone-induced BPH in the rat model. BPH was induced
by the administration of testosterone propionate (4 mg/kg, s.c., in olive oil) for 28 days. LGSB
extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg), LO1 (5 mg/kg), LGSB extract (200 mg/kg)+finasteride (5
mg/kg) and finasteride (5 mg/kg) were orally administered daily. On day 29, the rats were
sacrificed under anaesthesia and blood was collected via the abdominal aorta. The collected
blood was centrifuged, and the serum was separated. The serum was analyzed for biochemical
parameters such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), testosterone and estradiol. The prostate was
harvested for histological examination. The wet weight and volume of the prostate were taken.
The prostate index (PI) was calculated. All data were expressed as mean ± SEM (standard error
of the mean) and were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA),The result of preliminary evaluations indicated that the LGSB extract has a higher activity (100 ±0.00% mortality at 80 µg/mL) than the LGRB extract (3.33 ± 1.29% at 80 µg/mL). Acute
toxicity results revealed no mortality in both phases after oral administration with LD50>5000mg/kg. LO1 and LO2 significantlyinhibited the multiplication of PC3 and Hela cells in vitro
Supervisor(s)
NIL
co-supervisor
NIL
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