SMART ENERGY

The rapid growth in energy demand and the increasing need for accurate monitoring have made traditional energy meters inadequate for modern applications. This project presents the design and implementation of an IoT-Based Smart Energy Meter capable of measuring, displaying, and transmitting real-time electrical data over the internet. The system uses an Arduino Uno as the main controller, integrated with a PZEM-004T power sensor to measure voltage, current, and power consumption. The readings are displayed locally on a 16×2 LCD screen and simultaneously transmitted to the ThingSpeak IoT platform through an ESP-01S Wi-Fi module, allowing remote monitoring through mobile or web interfaces.
The device also includes an automatic overload protection mechanism, which disconnects the load using a relay and triggers an alarm whenever the current exceeds a set threshold. Supporting components such as transistors (BC548), a 7805 voltage regulator, LED indicators, and a buzzer ensure system stability and safety. The entire circuit is powered by a 12V DC adapter, regulated to 5V for the control units. Testing results show that the system provides accurate readings with less than 3% deviation compared to a standard energy meter. It successfully transmits data to the cloud and reacts promptly to overload conditions. This project demonstrates a low-cost, reliable, and efficient solution for smart home energy management and offers a foundation for future improvements such as mobile app integration and multi-load monitoring