CARCINOGENIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER ASSOCIATED HEAVY METALS VIA INGESTION EXPOSURE
Faculty
Department
Year of Publication
Publication Type
Abstract
This study assessed the carcinogenic risks of heavy metals in groundwater from Akoko-Edo, Edo State, with a focus on ingesting exposure. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)
was used on fifteen groundwater samples to detect lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). The measured amounts were compared to WHO (2017) and EPA (2009) limits. Chromium
values (0.0135-1.1015 mg/L) above permitted limits in numerous samples, whereas lead levels (0.0009-0.0353 mg/L) marginally exceeded norms in several areas. Zinc levels (0.0020-1.9683 mg/L) remained within acceptable ranges. TCR levels for adults (2.96 ×
10⁻ ³) and children (6.10 × 10⁻ ⁴ ), indicating increased lifelong cancer risks, particularly from chromium exposure. The study suggests that heavy metal contamination has a major impact on the area's groundwater, which poses possible health risks through consumption. Continuous monitoring and the supply of alternative clean water sources are advised to reduce public health hazards.
was used on fifteen groundwater samples to detect lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). The measured amounts were compared to WHO (2017) and EPA (2009) limits. Chromium
values (0.0135-1.1015 mg/L) above permitted limits in numerous samples, whereas lead levels (0.0009-0.0353 mg/L) marginally exceeded norms in several areas. Zinc levels (0.0020-1.9683 mg/L) remained within acceptable ranges. TCR levels for adults (2.96 ×
10⁻ ³) and children (6.10 × 10⁻ ⁴ ), indicating increased lifelong cancer risks, particularly from chromium exposure. The study suggests that heavy metal contamination has a major impact on the area's groundwater, which poses possible health risks through consumption. Continuous monitoring and the supply of alternative clean water sources are advised to reduce public health hazards.
Supervisor(s)
co-supervisor